Improving the color yield of ink-jet printing on cationized cotton

This study examines the performance of digital ink-jet printing on cationized cotton treated with polyepichlorohydrin-dimethylamine (PECH-amine). The results show that the color yield of ink-jet printing with reactive inks on cationic modified cotton is much greater than that on untreated cotton. The effect on the increase of color yield by cationic modification is greater than that by preparation with alkali, urea, and thickener. The reason for this is that introducing positively charged sites increases dye uptake and dye fixation on cationized cotton. The results also show that cationic modification with PECH-amine decreases the rub fastness but increases the wash fastness of the treated cotton. <br /

Theory of Phase Transition in the Evolutionary Minority Game

We discover the mechanism for the transition from self-segregation (into opposing groups) to clustering (towards cautious behaviors) in the evolutionary minority game (EMG). The mechanism is illustrated with a statistical mechanics analysis of a simplified EMG involving three groups of agents: two groups of opposing agents and one group of cautious agents. Two key factors affect the population distribution of the agents. One is the market impact (the self-interaction), which has been identified previously. The other is the market inefficiency due to the short-time imbalance in the number of agents using opposite strategies. Large market impact favors "extreme" players who choose fixed strategies, while large market inefficiency favors cautious players. The phase transition depends on the number of agents ($N$), the reward-to-fine ratio ($R$), as well as the wealth reduction threshold ($d$) for switching strategy. When the rate for switching strategy is large, there is strong clustering of cautious agents. On the other hand, when $N$ is small, the market impact becomes large, and the extreme behavior is favored.Comment: 5 pages and 3 figure

Extensive Renyi Statistics from Non-Extensive Entropy

We show that starting with either the non-extensive Tsallis entropy in Wang's formalism or the extensive Renyi entropy, it is possible to construct the equilibrium statistical mechanics with non-Gibbs canonical distribution functions. The transformation formulas between Tsallis statistics and Renyi statistics are presented. The one-particle distribution function in Renyi statistics with extensive entropy for the classical ideal gas at finite particle number develops a power-law tail for high momenta.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures, LaTe

Adoption of electronic supply chain management systems: the mediation role of information sharing

Purpose: Based on structural embeddedness theory and resource dependence theory, this research aims to examine the mediation role of information sharing in the relationship between deendency structures and electronic supply chain management system (eSCM) adoption and a firm's intention to adopt eSCMs. Design/methodology/approach: A survey questionnaire was undertaken from 212 companies based in Mainland China. Three-stage least squares (3SLS) regression was employed to test the research model. Findings: The results from 3SLS regressions showed that the effect of interdependence on eSCM adoption intention is fully mediated through information sharing when relationship duration is either below or about the mean. Interdependence and dependence disadvantage was shown to have significant positive effects on eSCM adoption while the effect of dependence advantage was statistically insignificant. Relationship duration was found to negatively moderate the relationship between information sharing and adoption intention. Originality/value: Through investigating factors of inter-organizational relationships, this study fills the knowledge gap in the traditional paradigms which ignore the collaborative nature of eSCM and analyse related problems based on a single firm's point of view

Equilibrium statistical mechanics for incomplete nonextensive statistics

The incomplete nonextensive statistics in the canonical and microcanonical ensembles is explored in the general case and in a particular case for the ideal gas. By exact analytical results for the ideal gas it is shown that taking the thermodynamic limit, with $z=q/(1-q)$ being an extensive variable of state, the incomplete nonextensive statistics satisfies the requirements of equilibrium thermodynamics. The thermodynamical potential of the statistical ensemble is a homogeneous function of the first degree of the extensive variables of state. In this case, the incomplete nonextensive statistics is equivalent to the usual Tsallis statistics. If $z$ is an intensive variable of state, i.e. the entropic index $q$ is a universal constant, the requirements of the equilibrium thermodynamics are violated.Comment: 7 page

Ultra-precision Machining Process Dynamics and Surface Quality Monitoring

AbstractSurface finish deterioration in the ultra-precision machining (UPM) process is often attributed to dynamic instabilities. Models and approaches to predict UPM process instabilities are in their infancy. In the present work, UPM dynamics and its relationship to surface characteristics are studied using a combined analytical modeling and experimental effort. A one degree-of-freedom delay differential equation model that incorporates the joint effects of shear and ploughing taking place at sub-micrometer scale machining is investigated to capture the source of vibrations in UPM dynamics. A temporal finite element method (TFEM) was used to simplify the model to facilitate validation studies. The model was verified using an experimental UPM setup integrated with three accelerometers, a 3-axis dynamometer and an acoustic emission (AE) sensor. The setup was employed for face turning of 6061 aluminum workpiece using a single point polycrystalline diamond tool at different cutting conditions. The surface characteristics were measured offline using MicroXam®, a confocal optical microscope. Experimental investigations suggest that the model predictions of stability characteristics match 70% of the experimental observations. Additionally, even under stable UPM process conditions determined based on the analytical model, surface roughness of UPM machined workpieces varied significantly due to uncertainties associated with complex chip formation process, thermal effects and other uncontrollable factors. A sensor-based approach based on a nonparametric Gaussian process model was used to estimate surface roughness (Ra) using statistical and nonlinear features from force and vibration signals recorded at UPM process. Over 80% of the Ra estimations under test condition were consistent with the experiment measurements. Hence, by combining the physical and statistical models, we can choose suitable “stable” process conditions to yield surface finish Ra in 10-50nm range, and estimate the surface roughness changes in real-time

A Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem for Nonlinear Response Functions

A nonlinear generalization of the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem (FDT) for the n-point Green functions and the amputated 1PI vertex functions at finite temperature is derived in the framework of the Closed Time Path formalism. We verify that this generalized FDT coincides with known results for n=2 and 3. New explicit relations among the 4-point nonlinear response and correlation (fluctuation) functions are presented.Comment: 34 pages, Revte

A Quark Transport Theory to describe Nucleon--Nucleon Collisions

On the basis of the Friedberg-Lee model we formulate a semiclassical transport theory to describe the phase-space evolution of nucleon-nucleon collisions on the quark level. The time evolution is given by a Vlasov-equation for the quark phase-space distribution and a Klein-Gordon equation for the mean-field describing the nucleon as a soliton bag. The Vlasov equation is solved numerically using an extended testparticle method. We test the confinement mechanism and mean-field effects in 1+1 dimensional simulations.Comment: 23 pages, LaTeX (figures available from the authors), UGI-93-

Phase diagrams of the generalized spin-1/2 ladder under staggered field and dimerization: A renormalization group study

In the weak-coupling regime of the continuous theories, two sets of one-loop renormalization group equations are derived and solved to disclose the phase diagrams of the antiferromagnetic generalized two-leg spin-1/2 ladder under the effect of (I) a staggered external magnetic field and (II) an explicit dimerization. In model (I), the splitting of the SU(2)$_2$ critical line into U(1) and Z$_2$ critical surfaces is observed; while in model (II), two critical surfaces arising from their underlying critical lines with SU(2)$_2$ and Z$_2$ characteristics merge into an SU(2)$_1$ critical surface on the line where the model attains its highest symmetry.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure