Trust, situation awareness and automation use: exploring the effect of visual information degradations on human perception and performance in human-telerobot

Today\u27s military and industry increasingly uses human-robot system to perform complex tasks, such as firefighting. Automated systems that support or even make important decisions require human operators to understand and trust automation in order to rely on it appropriately. This study used a real human-telerobot system performing a firefighting task in an unknown welding room to examine the effects of two different levels of automation associated with intermittent and permanent visual system degradation on human performance, trust in automation, mental workload and situation awareness. Twenty-four participants were divided into two groups based on the level of automation use. Each participant completed a series of three 30-minutes sessions in which he or she was required to explore the threat targets in an unknown hazard welding room. Results indicated a significant difference between low and high level of control in collision rate when permanent error occurred. And in low level automation group the type of error had a significant effect on the collision rate, while it had a significant effect on situation awareness dimensions in both groups. Generally, in the experiment high level of automation had better performance than low level of automation especially if it is more reliable, suggesting that subjects in the high level of automation group could rely on the automatic implementation to perform the task more effectively and more accurately

Performance analysis of spatial modulation aided NOMA with full-duplex relay

A spatial modulation aided non-orthogonal multiple access with full-duplex relay (SM-NOMA-FDR) scheme is proposed for the coordinated direct and relay transmission in this paper. Specifically, the signal of the near user is mapped to an M-ary modulated symbol and the signal of the far user is mapped to an SM symbol. The base station first transmits signals to the near user and relay via SM-NOMA, and then the relay decodes and retransmits the signal of the far user. An SM-assisted FDR is used in this scheme to improve the spectral efficiency while reducing energy consumption and making full use of the antenna resources at the relay, since SM only activates one antenna in each transmission. We derive the ergodic capacity and bit error rate of the proposed scheme over independent Rayleigh fading channels. Numerical results validate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and show the superior performance of the proposed SM-NOMA-FDR scheme

THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF LIGNITE HUMIC ACID FERMENTATION TEMPERATURE BASED ON MATLAB

Abstract: The temperature is one of the most important factors in the traditional fermentation. Wireless temperature monitoring system is used for real-time monitoring on the three lignite fermentation heap temperature of YUNNAN GREENTECH CO., LTD. in this experiment, lignite humic acid content, organic matter content and PH are tracked and detected. It reflect directly internal temperature changes of the fermentation heap through three-dimensional structure of the fermentation heap temperature mapping, especially of every lignite layers at certain point. More fermentation heap monitoring points, other indicators of organic fertilizer assessment besides humic acid content, organic matter content and PH can be selected to be monitored in further study. A more scientific and comprehensive lignite fermentation law can be explored to guide production practices better, and improve production quality and yield

Advancing Research Data Management: A Social Capital Perspective on Functional Librarianship

This chapter investigates librarianship in the area of Research Data Management (RDM) through the lens of social capital theory. If social capital theories and concepts have the potential to bring to light the invisible or non-quantifiable value of academic library services (Bracke 2016; Corrall 2015), we postulate that they will lend a generative lens to explore the symbolic, network, and normative effects of engagement within the academic library. Using librarian and archivist-authored RDM literature as a case study, we will explore the dynamic relationships between network structures and the effects of functional librarianship on the social capital of academic libraries. User studies of scientists and case studies of library RDM programs (Perrier et al. 2017) are common in the literature, but their underlying theoretical frameworks are limited to “individual behaviourism” (Fecher, Friesike, and Hebing 2015), normative and historical institutionalism (Akers et al. 2014; Zenk-Möltgen et al. 2018), “wicked problem” theory (Cox, Pinfield, and Smith 2014) and organizational subculture theory (Cox and Verbaan 2016). Insights about the unique positionality of libraries within the academic community (Gold 2007) and potential leadership opportunities (Flores et al. 2015) have been mentioned but have yet to be clearly theorized to the level of a useful framework for deeper analysis or practical application of RDM research. A social capital perspective will offer a theoretical framework which contextualizes the potential benefits borne of functional engagement, including access to information attributed to network positionality and bridging connections, mutual supports found in communities with dense ties and group cohesion, and agency for enhancing reputation (Lin et al. 2001). As the presence of social capital can be used as a predictor of healthier institutional, disciplinary and departmental climates, this examination will highlight opportunities for strengthening social capital in libraries. We will also suggest modalities for libraries and related organizations to more consciously transform themselves using identified relationship building strategies. We provide a review of current RDM literature which summarizes the existing theoretical assumptions applied in the research to describe the development of RDM services and solutions in light of existing challenges. This is followed by an introduction of classic symbolic, normative, and network views of social capital theory, which are synthesized and applied to our sample during our coding exercise. Several essential themes surface in our axial coding exercise and they are summarized in our results and findings

Data needs and data services : a case study / Minglu Wang and Ka-Neng Au

Our library's traditional reference service is effective in helping users discover and gain access to data, while our new data services focus on management, analysis, and presentation of statistical data. This paper describes the process of how we gained a better understanding of the variety of users' data needs, and how we gradually established some new data services based on our current capabilities. How were we to understand and evaluate our users' needs of data services? What are our users' unspoken data needs? How would we extend traditional data reference services? How should we plan programs to meet these needs? What was within our means and what was beyond our capacity? This paper uses a case study of the new data services at the John Cotton Dana Library, at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark campus, to demonstrate the possible ways to extend data reference services and provide data computing services. Typical examples are described and analyzed, and then general concepts, classification, and conclusions are given to inspire the design and implementation at other libraries. Library users can be classified into many different categories, and each of these may have different needs. Research centers might have big projects involving data gathering and applications where we can mainly provide consultation, while an individual faculty member or student might need the librarians as research partners, with help for their specific problems. Traditional data reference services are still the fundamental part of a reliable data service, although many reference librarians are doing the job without using the title of data services. Data services, even computing data services, can be provided at different levels based on the users' needs and library's resources. Computing data services can involve group training and statistical analysis assistance, but it can be extended to data project management and data management as more and more research is required to have formal and accountable procedures when dealing with data

A stability and spatial-resolution enhanced laser absorption spectroscopy tomographic sensor for complex combustion flame diagnosis

A novel stable laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) tomographic sensor with enhanced stability and spatial resolution is developed and applied to complex combustion flame diagnosis. The sensor reduces the need for laser collimation and alignment even in extremely harsh environments and improves the stability of the received laser signal. Furthermore, a new miniaturized laser emission module was designed to achieve multi-degree of freedom adjustment. The full optical paths can be sampled by 8 receivers, with such arrangement, the equipment cost can be greatly reduced, at the same time, the spatial resolution is improved. In fact, 100 emitted laser paths are realized in a limited space of 200mm×200 mm with the highest spatial resolution of 1.67mm×1.67 mm. The stability and penetrating spatial resolution of the LAS tomographic sensor were validated by both simulation and field experiments on the afterburner flames. Tests under two representative experiment states, i.e., the main combustion and the afterburner operation states, were conducted. Results show that the error under the main combustion state was about 4.32% and, 5.38% at the afterburner operation state. It has been proven that this proposed sensor can provide better tomographic measurements for combustion diagnosis, as an effective tool for improving performances of afterburners