Determining Decoupling Points in a Supply Chain Networks Using NSGA II Algorithm

Purpose: In the model, we used the concepts of Lee and Amaral (2002) and Tang and Chen (2009) and offer a multi-criteria decision-making model that identify the decoupling points to aim to minimize production costs, minimize the product delivery time to customer and maximize their satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: we encounter with a triple-objective model that metaheuristic method (NSGA II) is used to solve the model and to identify the Pareto optimal points. The max (min) method was used. Findings: Our results of using NSGA II to find Pareto optimal solutions demonstrate good performance of NSGA II to extract Pareto solutions in proposed model that considers determining of decoupling point in a supply network. Originality/value: So far, several approaches to model the future have been proposed, of course, each of them modeled a part of this concept. This concept has been considered more general in the model that defined in follow. In this model, we face with a multi-criteria decision problem that includes minimization of the production costs and product delivery time to customers as well as customer consistency maximization.Peer Reviewe

Characterization of Line Arrangement for which the Fundamental Group of the Complement is a Direct Product of Free Groups

Kwai Man Fan proved that if the intersection lattice of a line arrangement does not contain a cycle, then the fundamental group of its complement is a direct sum of infinite and cyclic free groups. He also conjectured that the converse is true as well. The main purpose of this paper is to prove this conjectureComment: 16 page

Exploring Metabolomic Patterns in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Response to Glucose-Lowering Medications—Review

The spectrum of information related to precision medicine in diabetes generally includes clinical data, genetics, and omics-based biomarkers that can guide personalized decisions on diabetes care. Given the remarkable progress in patient risk characterization, there is particular interest in using molecular biomarkers to guide diabetes management. Metabolomics is an emerging molecular approach that helps better understand the etiology and promises the identification of novel biomarkers for complex diseases. Both targeted or untargeted metabolites extracted from cells, biofluids, or tissues can be investigated by established high-throughput platforms, like nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Metabolomics is proposed as a valuable tool in precision diabetes medicine to discover biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and management of the progress of diabetes through personalized phenotyping and individualized drug-response monitoring. This review offers an overview of metabolomics knowledge as potential biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) diagnosis and the response to glucose-lowering medications.</p

Formation of Ideal Rashba States on Layered Semiconductor Surfaces Steered by Strain Engineering

Spin splitting of Rashba states in two-dimensional electron system provides a promising mechanism of spin manipulation for spintronics applications. However, Rashba states realized experimentally to date are often outnumbered by spin-degenerated substrate states at the same energy range, hindering their practical applications. Here, by density functional theory calculation, we show that Au one monolayer film deposition on a layered semiconductor surface beta-InSe(0001) can possess "ideal" Rashba states with large spin splitting, which are completely situated inside the large band gap of the substrate. The position of the Rashba bands can be tuned over a wide range with respect to the substrate band edges by experimentally accessible strain. Furthermore, our nonequilibrium Green's function transport calculation shows that this system may give rise to the long-sought strong current modulation when made into a device of Datta-Das transistor. Similar systems may be identified with other metal ultrathin films and layered semiconductor substrates to realize ideal Rashba states.Comment: Nano Letters 201

Polarity and proliferation are controlled by distinct signaling pathways downstream of PI3-kinase in breast epithelial tumor cells

Loss of tissue polarity and increased proliferation are the characteristic alterations of the breast tumor phenotype. To investigate these processes, we used a three-dimensional (3D) culture system in which malignant human breast cells can be reverted to a normal phenotype by exposure to inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Using this assay, we find that Akt and Rac1 act as downstream effectors of PI3K and function as control points of cellular proliferation and tissue polarity, respectively. Our results also demonstrate that the PI3K signaling pathway is an integral component of the overall signaling network induced by growth in 3D, as reversion affected by inhibition of PI3K signaling also down-modulates the endogenous levels of β1 integrin and epidermal growth factor receptor, the upstream modulators of PI3K, and up-regulates PTEN, the antagonist of PI3K. These findings reveal key events of the PI3K pathway that play distinct roles to maintain tissue polarity and that when disrupted are instrumental in the malignant phenotype

Ser 71 phosphorylation inhibits actin-binding of profilin-1 and its apoptosis-sensitizing activity

The essential actin-binding factor profilin-1 (Pfn1) is a non-classical tumor suppressor with the abilities toboth inhibit cellular proliferation and augment chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Besides actin, Pfn1 interacts with proteins harboring the poly-L-proline (PLP) motifs. Our recent work demonstrated that both nuclear localization and PLP-binding are required for tumor growth inhibition by Pfn1, and this is at least partially due to Pfn1 association with the PLP-containing ENL protein in the Super Elongation Complex (SEC) and the transcriptional inhibition of pro-cancer genes. In this paper, by identifying a phosphorylation event of Pfn1 at Se

Proliferative Activity and Neuroprotective Effect of Ligustrazene Derivative by Irritation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats

Purpose: To investigate the proliferative activity and neuroprotective effect of a newly identified ligustrazine derivative (4-((3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine-2 yl)methoxyl)-3-methox-ybenzoic acid-3,5,6- trimethylpyrazin- 2-methyl ester, T VA) and the possible mechanism related to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cerebral ischemic injury.Methods: The pharmacological activity of T-VA was evaluated using MTT ((3 (4,5-dimethylthiazolyl2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) assay, while cellular morphology was observed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, immuno-histochemical analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine the expression of VEGF. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was used to investigate both VEGF expression and the survival rate after treatment with T-VA.Results: T-VA promoted neuron activity, and the doses of 15 and 30 μM showed more significant effect (p &lt; 0.05). The viability of PC12 cells increased significantly in T-VA (30 and 60 μM) groups (p &lt; 0.05) and increased in a dose dependent manner. Immunohistochemical analysis showed stimulated VEGF expression, and CAM model results showed that T-VA (20 mg/egg) significantly promoted microangiogenesis (p &lt; 0.01). Moreover, in MCAO model, the survival rate of T-VA (60 mg/kg) group reached 86.7 % while for the ischemia group it was 60.0 %. In addition, ELISA results showed that T-VA promoted the expression of VEGF (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: These findings indicate that T-VA helps to prevent ischemic injury by increasing VEGF expression.Keywords: Ligustrazine, Neuron, PC12 cell, Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane, Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion, Vascular Endothelial Growth Facto