112 research outputs found
A Projection-Based Approach for Distributed Energy Resources Aggregation
Aggregating distributed energy resources (DERs) is of great significance to
improve the overall operational efficiency of smart grid. The aggregation model
needs to consider various factors such as network constraints, operational
constraints, and economic characteristics of the DERs. This paper constructs a
multi-slot DER aggregation model that considers the above factors using
feasible region projection approach, which achieved the protection of DERs data
information and the elimination of internal variables. A system economic
dispatch (ED) model is established for the operators to make full use of the
DER clusters. We calculate the feasible regions with temporal coupling by
extending the Progressive Vertex Enumeration (PVE) algorithm to high dimension
by the Quickhull algorithm. Finally, an IEEE 39-bus distribution network is
simulated with DERs to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. Results
show that the two-step ED derives the same results as the centralized ED
MiR-135a-5p suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating BAG3
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the progression of diverse human cancers. This work aimed to delve into how microRNA-135a-5p (miR-135a-5p) affects the biological behaviors of Breast Cancer (BC) cells.
Methods: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to analyze the expression differences of miR-135a-5p in cancer tissues of BC patients. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were conducted to detect miR-135a-5p and Bcl-2 Associated Athanogene (BAG3) expression levels in BC tissues and cells, respectively. The proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle of BC cells were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay, BrdU assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry. The targeted relationship between miR-135a-5p and BAG3 mRNA 3′UTR predicted by bioinformatics was further testified by a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Pearson's correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the correlation between miR-135a-5p expression and BAG3 expression. The downstream pathways of BAG3 were analyzed by the LinkedOmics database.
Results: MiR-135a-5p was significantly down-regulated and BAG3 expression was significantly raised in BC tissues. MiR-135a-5p overexpression repressed the viability, migration and invasion of BC cells, and blocked cell cycle progression in G0/G1 phase while inhibiting miR-135a-5p worked oppositely. BAG3 was verified as a target of miR-135a-5p. Overexpression of BAG3 reversed the impacts of miR-135a-5p on the malignant biological behaviors of BC cells. The high expression of BAG3 was associated with the activation of the cell cycle, mTOR and TGF-β signaling pathways.
Conclusion: MiR-135a-5p regulates BAG3 to repress the growth, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression of BC cells
Life cycle economic viability analysis of battery storage in electricity market
Battery storage is essential to enhance the flexibility and reliability of
electric power systems by providing auxiliary services and load shifting.
Storage owners typically gains incentives from quick responses to auxiliary
service prices, but frequent charging and discharging also reduce its lifetime.
Therefore, this paper embeds the battery degradation cost into the operation
simulation to avoid overestimated profits caused by an aggressive bidding
strategy. Based on an operation simulation model, this paper conducts the
economic viability analysis of whole life cycle using the internal rate of
return(IRR). A clustering method and a typical day method are developed to
reduce the huge computational burdens in the life-cycle simulation of battery
storage. Our models and algorithms are validated by the case study of two
mainstream technology routes currently: lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide
(NCM) batteries and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. Then a sensitivity
analysis is presented to identify the critical factors that boost battery
storage in the future. We evaluate the IRR results of different types of
battery storage to provide guidance for investment portfolio.Comment: 17 pages, accepted by JP
Sharing Economy in Local Energy Markets
With an increase in the electrification of end-use sectors, various resources on the demand side provide great flexibility potential for system operation, which also leads to problems such as the strong randomness of power consumption behavior, the low utilization rate of flexible resources, and difficulties in cost recovery. With the core idea of 'access over ownership', the concept of the sharing economy has gained substantial popularity in the local energy market in recent years. Thus, we provide an overview of the potential market design for the sharing economy in local energy markets (LEMs) and conduct a detailed review of research related to local energy sharing, enabling technologies, and potential practices. This paper can provide a useful reference and insights for the activation of demand-side flexibility potential. Hopefully, this paper can also provide novel insights into the development and further integration of the sharing economy in LEMs.</p
COVID-19 causes record decline in global CO2 emissions
The considerable cessation of human activities during the COVID-19 pandemic
has affected global energy use and CO2 emissions. Here we show the
unprecedented decrease in global fossil CO2 emissions from January to April
2020 was of 7.8% (938 Mt CO2 with a +6.8% of 2-{\sigma} uncertainty) when
compared with the period last year. In addition other emerging estimates of
COVID impacts based on monthly energy supply or estimated parameters, this
study contributes to another step that constructed the near-real-time daily CO2
emission inventories based on activity from power generation (for 29
countries), industry (for 73 countries), road transportation (for 406 cities),
aviation and maritime transportation and commercial and residential sectors
emissions (for 206 countries). The estimates distinguished the decline of CO2
due to COVID-19 from the daily, weekly and seasonal variations as well as the
holiday events. The COVID-related decreases in CO2 emissions in road
transportation (340.4 Mt CO2, -15.5%), power (292.5 Mt CO2, -6.4% compared to
2019), industry (136.2 Mt CO2, -4.4%), aviation (92.8 Mt CO2, -28.9%),
residential (43.4 Mt CO2, -2.7%), and international shipping (35.9Mt CO2,
-15%). Regionally, decreases in China were the largest and earliest (234.5 Mt
CO2,-6.9%), followed by Europe (EU-27 & UK) (138.3 Mt CO2, -12.0%) and the U.S.
(162.4 Mt CO2, -9.5%). The declines of CO2 are consistent with regional
nitrogen oxides concentrations observed by satellites and ground-based
networks, but the calculated signal of emissions decreases (about 1Gt CO2) will
have little impacts (less than 0.13ppm by April 30, 2020) on the overserved
global CO2 concertation. However, with observed fast CO2 recovery in China and
partial re-opening globally, our findings suggest the longer-term effects on
CO2 emissions are unknown and should be carefully monitored using multiple
measures
The effects of ECMO on neurological function recovery of critical patients: A double-edged sword
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) played an important role in the treatment of patients with critical care such as cardiac arrest (CA) and acute respiratory distress syndrome. ECMO is gradually showing its advantages in terms of speed and effectiveness of circulatory support, as it provides adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) to the patient and ensures the perfusion of organs. ECMO enhances patient survival and improves their neurological prognosis. However, ECMO-related brain complications are also important because of the high risk of death and the associated poor outcomes. We summarized the reported complications related to ECMO for patients with CA, such as north–south syndrome, hypoxic–ischemic brain injury, cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury, impaired intracranial vascular autoregulation, embolic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and brain death. The exact mechanism of ECMO on the role of brain function is unclear. Here we review the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with ECMO in the protection of neurologic function in recent years, as well as the ECMO-related complications in brain and the means to improve it, to provide ideas for the treatment of brain function protection in CA patients
Evaluating Portable Parallelization Strategies for Heterogeneous Architectures in High Energy Physics
High-energy physics (HEP) experiments have developed millions of lines of
code over decades that are optimized to run on traditional x86 CPU systems.
However, we are seeing a rapidly increasing fraction of floating point
computing power in leadership-class computing facilities and traditional data
centers coming from new accelerator architectures, such as GPUs. HEP
experiments are now faced with the untenable prospect of rewriting millions of
lines of x86 CPU code, for the increasingly dominant architectures found in
these computational accelerators. This task is made more challenging by the
architecture-specific languages and APIs promoted by manufacturers such as
NVIDIA, Intel and AMD. Producing multiple, architecture-specific
implementations is not a viable scenario, given the available person power and
code maintenance issues.
The Portable Parallelization Strategies team of the HEP Center for
Computational Excellence is investigating the use of Kokkos, SYCL, OpenMP,
std::execution::parallel and alpaka as potential portability solutions that
promise to execute on multiple architectures from the same source code, using
representative use cases from major HEP experiments, including the DUNE
experiment of the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility, and the ATLAS and CMS
experiments of the Large Hadron Collider. This cross-cutting evaluation of
portability solutions using real applications will help inform and guide the
HEP community when choosing their software and hardware suites for the next
generation of experimental frameworks. We present the outcomes of our studies,
including performance metrics, porting challenges, API evaluations, and build
system integration.Comment: 18 pages, 9 Figures, 2 Table
Near-real-time monitoring of global COâ‚‚ emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting human activities, and in turn energy use and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Here we present daily estimates of country-level CO2 emissions for different sectors based on near-real-time activity data. The key result is an abrupt 8.8% decrease in global CO₂ emissions (−1551 Mt CO₂) in the first half of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The magnitude of this decrease is larger than during previous economic downturns or World War II. The timing of emissions decreases corresponds to lockdown measures in each country. By July 1st, the pandemic’s effects on global emissions diminished as lockdown restrictions relaxed and some economic activities restarted, especially in China and several European countries, but substantial differences persist between countries, with continuing emission declines in the U.S. where coronavirus cases are still increasing substantially
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Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting human activities, and in turn energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Here we present daily estimates of country-level CO2 emissions for different sectors based on near-real-time activity data. The key result is an abrupt 8.8% decrease in global CO2 emissions (−1551 Mt CO2) in the first half of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The magnitude of this decrease is larger than during previous economic downturns or World War II. The timing of emissions decreases corresponds to lockdown measures in each country. By July 1st, the pandemic’s effects on global emissions diminished as lockdown restrictions relaxed and some economic activities restarted, especially in China and several European countries, but substantial differences persist between countries, with continuing emission declines in the U.S. where coronavirus cases are still increasing substantially
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