First catalogue of stars with photoelectric astrolabe in San Juan

On the basis of data observed in San Juan of Argentina with the photoelectric astrolabe mark II (PA II) of Beijing Astronomical Observatory from Feb. 23, 1992 to Feb. 28, 1995, residuals of 7200 stars are reduced from about 230000 observations of stars. The mean precision of the residuals is ± 0:046. Using the data, the first catalogue of stars (CPASJ1) has been compiled. There are 2980 stars in this catalogue, including 989 FK5/FK4 Supp stars, 658 FK5 Ext stars, 387 SRS stars, 687 CAMC4 stars, 192 GC stars, and 72 Hipparcos stars. The mean precisions are ±3.2 ms and ± 0:061 in right ascension and declination, respectively. The magnitudes of stars are from 2.0 to 11.3. The declinations are from to -3° to -60°. The mean epoch is 1993.6. Finally, systematic corrections of (CPASJ1-FK5) are given.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Porphyrin-fused graphene nanoribbons

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), nanometre-wide strips of graphene, are promising materials for fabricating electronic devices. Many GNRs have been reported, yet no scalable strategies are known for synthesizing GNRs with metal atoms and heteroaromatic units at precisely defined positions in the conjugated backbone, which would be valuable for tuning their optical, electronic and magnetic properties. Here we report the solution-phase synthesis of a porphyrin-fused graphene nanoribbon (PGNR). This PGNR has metalloporphyrins fused into a twisted fjord-edged GNR backbone; it consists of long chains (>100 nm), with a narrow optical bandgap (~1.0 eV) and high local charge mobility (>400 cm2 V–1 s–1 by terahertz spectroscopy). We use this PGNR to fabricate ambipolar field-effect transistors with appealing switching behaviour, and single-electron transistors displaying multiple Coulomb diamonds. These results open an avenue to π-extended nanostructures with engineerable electrical and magnetic properties by transposing the coordination chemistry of porphyrins into graphene nanoribbons

イネ（Oryza sativa)のインド型多様性集団を用いた発育初期の根系と種子内リン濃度に関するゲノムワイド相関解析（GWAS)

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学連携併任准教授 ビスバ マティアス, 東京大学教授 山川 隆, 東京大学教授 岡田 謙介, 東京大学講師 中西 啓仁, 国際農林水産業研究センター資源・環境管理プログラムディレクター 飛田 哲University of Tokyo(東京大学

The knowns and unknowns of phosphorus loading into grains, and implications for phosphorus efficiency in cropping systems

Inefficient use of phosphorus (P) in agriculture adds to production costs, increases the risk of eutrophication of waterways, and contributes to the rapid depletion of the world’s non-renewable rock phosphate supplies. The removal of large quantities of P from fields in harvested grains is a major driver in the global P cycle, but opportunities exist to reduce the amount of P in harvested grains through plant breeding. Using rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a model crop, we examine our current understanding of the process of P loading into grain and its regulation by genetic and environmental factors. We expose a dearth of knowledge on the physiological processes involved in loading P into grains, poor resolution of the genes and networks involved in P mobilization from vegetative tissues to grains, and limited understanding of genetic versus environmental contributions to variation in grain P concentrations observed among genotypes. We discuss potential breeding strategies and highlight key research gaps that should be addressed to facilitate these breeding approaches. Given the strong economic and environmental incentives for a low grain P trait, we suggest that some of the investment and resources currently directed to determining the molecular regulation of P starvation responses in model plant species should be diverted to resolving the physiology, genetics, and molecular regulation of P loading into cereal grains

Can natural variation in grain P concentrations be exploited in rice breeding to lower fertilizer requirements?

Agricultural usage of phosphorus (P) is largely driven by the amount of P removed from fields in harvested plant matter as offtake needs to be balanced by P fertilizer application. Reducing P concentration in grains is a way to decrease P offtake and reduce P fertilizer requirements or soil P mining where insufficient P is applied. Our objective was to assesses the genotypic variation for grain P concentration present within the rice gene pool and resolve to what extent it is affected by environment (P supply) or associated with genetic factors. About 2-fold variation in grain P concentrations were detected in two rice diversity panels, however, environmental effects were stronger than genotype effects. Genome wide association studies identified several putative loci associated with grain P concentrations. In most cases this was caused by minor haplotype associations with high grain P concentrations while associations with reduced P concentrations were identified on chromosomes 1, 6, 8, 11 and 12. Only the latter type of locus is of interest in breeding for reduced P concentrations and the most promising locus was at 20.7 Mb on chromosome 8, where a rare haplotype that was absent from all modern varieties studied reduced grain P concentration by 9.3%. This and all other loci were not consistently detected across environments or association panels, confirming that genetic effects were small compared to effects of environment. We conclude that the genetic effects detected were not sufficiently large or consistent to be of utility in plant breeding. Instead breeding efforts may have to rely on small to medium effect mutants already identified and attempt to achieve a more pronounced reduction in grain P concentration through the introgression of these mutants into a single genetic background

Satisfaction Evaluation for Underpass Green Spaces in Mountainous Cities under the Perspective of Environmental Perception

The overpasses and the terrain under them in Chongqing, a mountainous city in China, are complex and diverse, and some spaces under the overpasses are integrated and reconstructed into the underpass green space for citizens to stroll about or have a rest. From the perspective of visitor perception, this paper constructs a perception evaluation system of the environmental characteristics of underpass green space in mountainous cities from the following five environmental perception dimensions: path organization, security, aesthetic value, physical environment, activities and cultural. The IPA-Kano model is used to quantify environmental perception, and the main environmental factors affecting the improvement of recreation satisfaction of underpass green space in three types of terrain are explored, with a view to improving the environment and service functions of underpass green spaces in high-density interchange networks in mountainous cities, and enhancing the attractiveness of underpass green spaces. It can be found from the study that: (1) Among the five environmental perception dimensions, visitors pay more attention to the physical environment quality of the underpass green space and their physical and psychological activity experience, while their demands for visual senses are relatively low. Due to the deficiency or lack of leisure facilities, sports facilities, children’s playgrounds and amusement equipment, the dimension of “activities and cultural perception” of the underpass green space has the lowest scores of all. (2) The existing sites, facilities and landscape resources of the underpass green space, different terrain types and underpass environment are the important reasons that affect the performance of environmental perception factors and their priority ranking results. (3) The improvement of security of the arrival path or sports facilities is beneficial to improve visitor satisfaction of underpass green space of three types of terrain. The number of environmental factors to be optimized of the three types of terrain are ranked as: mountainous green space > flat green space > concave green space. Among them, four environmental factors have a high priority in two kinds of underpass green space, which are the distribution and quantity of leisure facilities, the effect of noise reduction and sound insulation, the adequacy of activity venues and the distribution and quantity of sports facilities. Finally, according to the particularity of the underpass environment and the characteristics of three types of terrain, this paper puts forward some suggestions for optimizing the service function of underpass green space from five perceptual dimensions

Manhattan plot of grain P concentration (+P) using general linear model (GLM) and mixed linear model (MLM).

<p>Manhattan plot of grain P concentration (+P) using general linear model (GLM) and mixed linear model (MLM).</p

Correlation coefficients between traits measured in a rice <i>indica</i> diversity panel grown either in a +P (above diagonal) or–P field (below diagonal).

<p>Correlation coefficients between traits measured in a rice <i>indica</i> diversity panel grown either in a +P (above diagonal) or–P field (below diagonal).</p

Loci detected as being associated with grain P concentration in the +P and–P treatments as listed for peak tip markers.

<p>Loci detected as being associated with grain P concentration in the +P and–P treatments as listed for peak tip markers.</p