615 research outputs found
Growth of a dynamical correlation length in an aging superspin glass
We report on zero field cooled magnetization relaxation experiments on a
concen- trated frozen ferrofluid exhibiting a low temperature superspin glass
transition. With a method initially developed for spin glasses, we investigate
the field dependence of the relaxations that take place after different aging
times. We extract the typical number of correlated spins involved in the aging
dynamics. This brings important insights into the dynamical correlation length
and its time growth. Our results, consistent with expressions obtained for spin
glasses, extend the generality of these behaviours to the class of superspin
glasses. Since the typical flipping time is much larger for superspins than for
atomic spins, our experiments probe a time regime much closer to that of
numerical simulations
Particle Diffusion in Slow Granular Bulk Flows
We probe the diffusive motion of particles in slowly sheared three
dimensional granular suspensions. For sufficiently large strains, the particle
dynamics exhibits diffusive Gaussian statistics, with the diffusivity
proportional to the local strain rate - consistent with a local, quasi static
picture. Surprisingly, the diffusivity is also inversely proportional to the
depth of the particles within the flow - at the free surface, diffusivity is
thus ill defined. We find that the crossover to Gaussian displacement
statistics is governed by the same depth dependence, evidencing a non-trivial
strain scale in three dimensional granular flows.Comment: 6 page
Field induced anisotropic cooperativity in a magnetic colloidal glass
The translational dynamics in a repulsive colloidal glass-former is probed by
time-resolved X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. In this dense dispersion
of charge-stabilized and magnetic nanoparticles, the interaction potential can
be tuned, from quasi-isotropic to anisotropic by applying an external magnetic
field. Structural and dynamical anisotropies are reported on interparticle
lengthscales associated with highly anisotropic cooperativity, almost two
orders of magnitude larger in the field direction than in the perpendicular
direction and in zero field
Research versus practice in quality improvement? Understanding how we can bridge the gap
The gap between implementers and researchers of quality improvement (QI) has hampered the degree and speed of change needed to reduce avoidable suffering and harm in health care. Underlying causes of this gap include differences in goals and incentives, preferred methodologies, level and types of evidence prioritized and targeted audiences. The Salzburg Global Seminar on 'Better Health Care: How do we learn about improvement?' brought together researchers, policy makers, funders, implementers, evaluators from low-, middle- and high-income countries to explore how to increase the impact of QI. In this paper, we describe some of the reasons for this gap and offer suggestions to better bridge the chasm between researchers and implementers. Effectively bridging this gap can increase the generalizability of QI interventions, accelerate the spread of effective approaches while also strengthening the local work of implementers. Increasing the effectiveness of research and work in the field will support the knowledge translation needed to achieve quality Universal Health Coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals.Fil: Hirschhorn, Lisa R.. Northwestern University; Estados UnidosFil: Ramaswamy, Rohit. University of North Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Devnani, Mahesh. Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research; IndiaFil: Wandersman, Abraham. University Of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Simpson, Lisa A.. Academy Health; Estados UnidosFil: Garcia Elorrio, Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Efectividad ClĂnica y Sanitaria; Argentin
Rheology of sedimenting particle pastes
We study the local and global rheology of non-Brownian suspensions in a
solvent that is not density-matched, leading to either creaming or
sedimentation of the particles. Both local and global measurements show that
the incomplete density matching leads to the appearance of a critical shear
rate above which the suspension is homogenized by the flow, and below which
sedimentation or creaming happens. We show that the value of the critical shear
rate and its dependence on the experimental parameters are governed by a simple
competition between the viscous and gravitational forces, and present a simple
scaling model that agrees with the experimental results from different types of
experiments (local and global) in different setups and systems
From Frictional to Viscous Behavior: Three Dimensional Imaging and Rheology of Gravitational Suspensions
We probe the three dimensional flow structure and rheology of gravitational
(non-density matched) suspensions for a range of driving rates in a
split-bottom geometry. We establish that for sufficiently slow flows, the
suspension flows as if it were a dry granular medium, and confirm recent
theoretical modeling on the rheology of split-bottom flows. For faster driving,
the flow behavior is shown to be consistent with the rheological behavior
predicted by the recently developed "inertial number approaches for suspension
flows.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for Phys. Rev. E. (R
- …