Assessment ranking for green pavement material elements

The development of green roadway in Malaysia is one of the contributions to accomplish Malaysia Go Green Campaign. Hence, sustainable materials are widely used in road construction recently because people are more aware about its implications towards environments. However, people keep trying to find the most suitable sustainable materials to be used in designing road pavement. Hence, a new method is introduced which assessment ranking for green pavement material element and research is developed by finding and adding more green material used in designing pavements in Malaysia. They are then been categorized and analysed in order to identify which will become the most preferred material. Development of questionnaire survey is one of the steps involved as well as analysis of factor and ranking method for all the green material elements used in roads. About 25 respondents including teams from Public Work Department (JKR) and consultant company are chosen to answer the questionnaire survey according to their specialisation in road construction area. The agreement level which is the output from survey will be transferred into Minitab Software and measured using factor analysis. The factor score which is product from factor loading and mean values being restructure and becomes the weightage factor. Thus, all the material elements are ranked based on their weighted factor value. From the analysis of questionnaire survey, alternative binder become the most preferable material to be used for green pavement for it has the largest weighted factor

Performance of asphaltic concrete modified with recycled crushed bricks

The pavement industry relies greatly on this conventional material in constructing the road. However, the shortage of the mined material has led to the need of finding alternative with local materials to partially substitute the asphalt components. The conventional pavement industry also contributed to thermal and greenhouse emission resulting from the mining activities. In addition, throughout the year, the amount of construction and demolition (C&D) waste generated from civil construction activities particularly in Malaysia is increasing in alarming rate. Recycling the C&D waste specifically in bricks is viewed as reasonable potential as aggregate modifier in the impulse for greener and sustainable asphalt pavement production. In this paper, recycled crushed bricks (RCB) is introduced to bituminous wearing course as partial replacement for coarse aggregates. The coarse aggregate is partially replaced with RCB in proportions of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by weight. This study summarizes the results of laboratory evaluation of Los Angeles Abrasion Value, Aggregate Crushing Value and Marshall Test. Results show that asphaltic concrete modified with 10% RCB has the lowest abrasion and crushing values which were 20.2% and 30% respectively. Similarly, the mix has the highest Marshall Stability and lowest flow which 15.61 kN and 3.37 mm respectively. Thus, partial replacement of coarse aggregates with 10% RCB in bituminous mix is suitable to be used in wearing course and can be used as alternative material in bituminous mix to reduce the dependency on natural aggregates and utilize the C&D waste efficiently

Waste cooking oil as bio asphalt binder: a critical review

The modification of binder with waste cooking oil (WCO) for paving materials indicates the implementation of recycling practice with environmental issues concern, thus improving the proper management of this waste product. This paper presents a critical review of the WCO utilisation as a modifier to enhance binder properties. The review was focuses on the evaluation of WCO in asphalt binder modification and asphaltic concrete mixture. Basically, oil-based modification by using WCO in paving material provides a promising waste material potential in improving the engineering value in terms of rheological and mechanical performance for modified binder and asphalt mixture. It is expected that the addition of this modifier in binder gives superior performance and is comparable with the conventional binder

Waste Cooking Oil as Bio Asphalt Binder: A Critical Review

The modification of binder with waste cooking oil (WCO) for paving materials indicates the implementation of recycling practice with environmental issues concern, thus improving the proper management of this waste product. This paper presents a critical review of the WCO utilisation as a modifier to enhance binder properties. The review was focuses on the evaluation of WCO in asphalt binder modification and asphaltic concrete mixture. Basically, oil-based modification by using WCO in paving material provides a promising waste material potential in improving the engineering value in terms of rheological and mechanical performance for modified binder and asphalt mixture. It is expected that the addition of this modifier in binder gives superior performance and is comparable with the conventional binder

Rutting resistance of untreated and treated waste cooking oil in bitumen after aging condition

Waste cooking oil (WCO) is identified as a valuable potential waste material that can enhance the performance of conventional asphalt binder for road pavement construction. This study aims to evaluate the rutting resistance of bitumen incorporating untreated and treated WCO. Waste cooking oil dosage of 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5% by weight of binder was used throughout the experiments. The dynamic shear rheometer test was conducted to determine the performance of rutting resistance test. In addition, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determined correlation of the sample. It was found that the rutting resistance performance was decreased as the test temperature increased. The results also indicated that modified binder with treated WCO exhibited the highest rutting resistance as compared to the untreated WCO. Based on analysis of variance it show that there are a significant difference in G∗/sin δ for different untreated and treated WCO in modified binder

Voids characteristic of hot mix asphalt containing waste cooking oil

Pure bitumen production through crude oil petroleum refining process is not desirable in road pavement application. The asphalt binder exhibits insufficient properties for pavement construction and need to be modified with various additives. In this study, the effect of untreated and treated waste cooking oil (WCO) on voids properties of hot mix asphalt was evaluated. A 5% of WCO (by weight of binder) was selected and replaced into the modified binder before being mixed with the aggregates in asphalt mixture. The voids characteristic of hot mix asphalt was determined based on Marshall Mix design test. Five different content of bitumen i.e. 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% and 6% was chosen on the basis of min and max value as required by Malaysia public work department. Test results show that the voids filled with bitumen and density was increase as the bitumen content increases from 4% to 6% for untreated and treated WCO mixes. Furthermore, the result also indicates that the void in total mix was linearly decreased when the bitumen content increased from 4% to 6%

The influence of nano kaolin clay as alternative binder on the penetration properties

In the last decade or so, nanomaterials have emerged as the potential solution to greatly enhance the properties of binder with the purpose of improving the performance of asphalt mixture. Due to that, this study evaluates the influence of nano kaolin clay as alternative binder on the penetration properties. The penetration test, penetration index and penetration-viscosity number were conducted in modifying the binder with the percentage of NKC are 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9%, accordingly. The test results showed that the penetration values of modified binder slightly decreased when compared to the controlled binder. On the other hand, the PI and PVN values significantly increase with the NKC content increased

Waste cooking oil as bio asphalt binder : a critical review

The modification of binder with waste cooking oil (WCO) for paving materials indicates the implementation of recycling practice with environmental issues concern, thus improving the proper management of this waste product. This paper presents a critical review of the WCO utilisation as a modifier to enhance binder properties. The review was focuses on the evaluation of WCO in asphalt binder modification and asphaltic concrete mixture. Basically, oil-based modification by using WCO in paving material provides a promising waste material potential in improving the engineering value in terms of rheological and mechanical performance for modified binder and asphalt mixture. It is expected that the addition of this modifier in binder gives superior performance and is comparable with the conventional binder