Incorporation in vivo of 14C-Labelled Amino Acids into the Proteins of Mitochondrial Ribosomes from Neurospora crassa Sensitive to Cycloheximide and Insensitive to Chloramphenicol

Radioactive amino acids were incorporated in vivo into Neurospora crassa cells, and the mitochondrial ribosomes were isolated. The incorporation of radioactivity into the proteins of these ribosomes was inhibited by cycloheximide, but not by chloramphenicol. It is therefore concluded that these proteins are synthesized on the cycloheximide sensitive and chloramphenicol insensitive cytoplasmic ribosomes

Sets of Priors Reflecting Prior-Data Conflict and Agreement

In Bayesian statistics, the choice of prior distribution is often debatable, especially if prior knowledge is limited or data are scarce. In imprecise probability, sets of priors are used to accurately model and reflect prior knowledge. This has the advantage that prior-data conflict sensitivity can be modelled: Ranges of posterior inferences should be larger when prior and data are in conflict. We propose a new method for generating prior sets which, in addition to prior-data conflict sensitivity, allows to reflect strong prior-data agreement by decreased posterior imprecision.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, In: Paulo Joao Carvalho et al. (eds.), IPMU 2016: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, Eindhoven, The Netherland

Error bounds on block Gauss Seidel solutions of coupled\ud multiphysics problems

Mathematical models in many fields often consist of coupled sub–models, each of which describe a different physical process. For many applications, the quantity of interest from these models may be written as a linear functional of the solution to the governing equations. Mature numerical solution techniques for the individual sub–models often exist. Rather than derive a numerical solution technique for the full coupled model, it is therefore natural to investigate whether these techniques may be used by coupling in a block Gauss–Seidel fashion. In this study, we derive two a posteriori bounds for such linear functionals. These bounds may be used on each Gauss–Seidel iteration to estimate the error in the linear functional computed using the single physics solvers, without actually solving the full, coupled problem. We demonstrate the use of the bound first by using a model problem from linear algebra, and then a linear ordinary differential equation example. We then investigate the effectiveness of the bound using a non–linear coupled fluid–temperature problem. One of the bounds derived is very sharp for most linear functionals considered, allowing us to predict very accurately when to terminate our block Gauss–Seidel iteration.\ud \ud Copyright c 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

{BiQ} Analyzer {HiMod}: An Interactive Software Tool for High-throughput Locus-specific Analysis of 5-Methylcytosine and its Oxidized Derivatives

Recent data suggest important biological roles for oxidative modifications of methylated cytosines, specifically hydroxymethylation, formylation and carboxylation. Several assays are now available for profiling these DNA modifications genome-wide as well as in targeted, locus-specific settings. Here we present BiQ Analyzer HiMod, a user-friendly software tool for sequence alignment, quality control and initial analysis of locus-specific DNA modification data. The software supports four different assay types, and it leads the user from raw sequence reads to DNA modification statistics and publication-quality plots. BiQ Analyzer HiMod combines well-established graphical user interface of its predecessor tool, BiQ Analyzer HT, with new and extended analysis modes. BiQ Analyzer HiMod also includes updates of the analysis workspace, an intuitive interface, a custom vector graphics engine and support of additional input and output data formats. The tool is freely available as a stand-alone installation package from http://biq-analyzer-himod.bioinf.mpi-inf.mpg.de/

Interpretation of neutrino flux limits from neutrino telescopes on the Hillas plot

We discuss the interplay between spectral shape and detector response beyond a simple E^-2 neutrino flux at neutrino telescopes, at the example of time-integrated point source searches using IceCube-40 data. We use a self-consistent model for the neutrino production, in which protons interact with synchrotron photons from co-accelerated electrons, and we fully take into account the relevant pion and kaon production modes, the flavor composition at the source, flavor mixing, and magnetic field effects on the secondaries (pions, muon, and kaons). Since some of the model parameters can be related to the Hillas parameters R (size of the acceleration region) and B (magnetic field), we relate the detector response to the Hillas plane. In order to compare the response to different spectral shapes, we use the energy flux density as a measure for the pion production efficiency times luminosity of the source. We demonstrate that IceCube has a very good reach in this quantity for AGN nuclei and jets for all source declinations, while the spectra of sources with strong magnetic fields are found outside the optimal reach. We also demonstrate where neutrinos from kaon decays and muon tracks from tau decays can be relevant for the detector response. Finally, we point out the complementarity between IceCube and other experiments sensitive to high-energy neutrinos, at the example of 2004-2008 Earth-skimming neutrino data from Auger. We illustrate that Auger, in principle, is better sensitive to the parameter region in the Hillas plane from which the highest-energetic cosmic rays may be expected in this model.Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures. Substantial clarifications, such as on definition of "sensitivity" and model descriptio

Computer Simulation Study of the Phase Behavior and Structural Relaxation in a Gel-Former Modeled by Three Body Interactions

We report a computer simulation study of a model gel-former obtained by modifying the three-body interactions of the Stillinger-Weber potential for silicon. This modification reduces the average coordination number and consequently shifts the liquid-gas phase coexistence curve to low densities, thus facilitating the formation of gels without phase separation. At low temperatures and densities, the structure of the system is characterized by the presence of long linear chains interconnected by a small number of three coordinated junctions at random locations. At small wave-vectors the static structure factor shows a non-monotonic dependence on temperature, a behavior which is due to the competition between the percolation transition of the particles and the stiffening of the formed chains. We compare in detail the relaxation dynamics of the system as obtained from molecular dynamics with the one obtained from Monte Carlo dynamics. We find that the bond correlation function displays stretched exponential behavior at moderately low temperatures and densities, but exponential relaxation at low temperatures. The bond lifetime shows an Arrhenius behavior, independent of the microscopic dynamics. For the molecular dynamics at low temperatures, the mean squared displacement and the (coherent and incoherent) intermediate scattering function display at intermediate times a dynamics with ballistic character and we show that this leads to compressed exponential relaxation. For the Monte Carlo dynamics we find always an exponential or stretched exponential relaxation. Thus we conclude that the compressed exponential relaxation observed in experiments is due to the out-of-equilibrium dynamics

Transient excitation and data processing techniques employing the fast fourier transform for aeroelastic testing

The development of testing techniques useful in airplane ground resonance testing, wind tunnel aeroelastic model testing, and airplane flight flutter testing is presented. Included is the consideration of impulsive excitation, steady-state sinusoidal excitation, and random and pseudorandom excitation. Reasons for the selection of fast sine sweeps for transient excitation are given. The use of the fast fourier transform dynamic analyzer (HP-5451B) is presented, together with a curve fitting data process in the Laplace domain to experimentally evaluate values of generalized mass, model frequencies, dampings, and mode shapes. The effects of poor signal to noise ratios due to turbulence creating data variance are discussed. Data manipulation techniques used to overcome variance problems are also included. The experience is described that was gained by using these techniques since the early stages of the SST program. Data measured during 747 flight flutter tests, and SST, YC-14, and 727 empennage flutter model tests are included