Development of a strategic and tactical game plan for junior mining companies

ABSTRACT This thesis undertakes to present a game plan for junior mining companies. It culminates with a game plan model that incorporates all the key steps and tasks that mining investors and entrepreneurs need to use to establish globally competitive junior mining companies. It is based on the research of several listed junior mining companies. The game of junior mining is defined by rules, the player, the elements of playing, and the definitions of winning and scoring. The rules of the game are those defined by the resources industry and general business concepts. The mining assets around which the junior mining game is played are exploration projects, feasibility studies, mine development projects or operating mines. The player is the junior mining company intent on winning the game. Playing the game is done through executing the steps, tasks and simple models and matrices associated with the four business pillars: strategy development, legal and financial, operations management and risks management. The first pillar is strategic, while the last three pillars are tactical. For each business pillar, databases were developed, for the purposes of creating references and benchmarks for the game plan. The databases have been created from the analysis of twenty randomly selected junior mining companies, the author’s practical experiences and previous research. Scoring the game is undertaken by completing the game score matrix, which scores the mining assets, the business pillars and the financial performance, and provides an overall company score. The total company score highlights the strengths and weaknesses of the company. Undertaking the process of playing the game iteratively will lead to creating a globally competitive junior mining company. Winning the game is defined as creating a sustainable junior mining company, that grows to a mid-tier company, or is bought out by a major mining company. ii In the thesis, the game is played using the hypothetical case study of a of a coal junior mining company, with a marginal coal mine, an attractive feasibility study and an exploration project. Step by step the game is played leading to a company score and exposing the company’s strengths and weaknesses. The research concludes by presenting a holistic game plan model that can be applied to any junior mining company in any commodity in constantly changing resources industry dynamics

Targeting of the master receptor MOM19 to mitochondria

The targeting of proteins to mitochondria involves the recognition of the precursor proteins by receptors on the mitochondrial surface followed by insertion of the precursors into the outer membrane at the general insertion site GIP. Most mitochondrial proteins analyzed so far use a mitochondrial outer membrane protein of 19 kilodaltons (MOM19) as an import receptor. The gene encoding MOM19 has now been isolated. The deduced amino acid sequence predicts that MOM19 is anchored in the outer membrane by an NH2-terminal hydrophobic sequence, while the rest of the protein forms a hydrophilic domain exposed to the cytosol. MOM19 was targeted to the mitochondria via a pathway that is independent of protease-accessible surface receptors and controlled by direct assembly of the MOM19 precursor with GIP

Stickstoffverbindungen von Elementen der dritten Hauptgruppe mit intra- und intermolekularen Donor-Akzeptor-Bindungen. - IV : Polycyclische Alumina-, Lithia-, Magnesia- und Sodia-Silazane

Die Lewis-aciden Elemente Li, Na, Mg und Al lassen sich leicht in cyclische Strukturen einbauen, die als gemeinsames Molekülfragment die Einheit Me2Si-(NtBu)2 besitzen: Die Röntgenstrukturanalysen an [Me2Si(NtBu)2Mg·THF]2 (II) und [Me2Si(N(tBu)AlMe2)(N(tBu)MgI)]2 (X) weisen die Verbindungen als Dimere aus. Im Falle von II sind zwei SiN2Mg-Vierringe wechselseitig über N-Mg-Bindungen verbunden, so dass ein dritter N2Mg2-Vierring mit der Punktsymmetrie Ci ( ) entsteht. Das Magnesiumatom ist vierfach koordiniert mit drei unterschiedlichen Mg---N-Bindungslängen (199.3(4), 211.2(4) und 218.8(4) pm) und einer Mg---O-Bindung von 204.9(6) pm zu einem Sauerstoffatom eines koordinierten Tetrahydrofurans. In X bedingen I---Mg-Wechselwirkungen die Ausbildung eines Dimeren mit einem zentrosymmetrischen Mg2I2-Rechteck. Das Magnesiumatom hat als weitere Liganden zwei Stickstoffatome in Abständen Mg---N 225.9(6) und 229.9(6) pm und eine Methylgruppe in einer Entfernung von 261(1) pm. Das herausragende Strukturmerkmal ist eine N(Mg,Al,Si)N-Bipyramide, die auf intramolekulare Zwei-Zentren- und Donor-Akzeptor-Bindungen zurückgeht (Al---N 187.7(6) und 188.6(6) pm, Si---N 180.6(5) und 181.0(6) pm). Die drei Nachbarelemente des Periodensystems Mg, Al und Si sind auf diese Art und Weise an ein gemeinsames Stickstoffatom gebunden, das als weiteren Liganden eine t-Butylgruppe besitzt. Es konnten Derivate zu X erhalten werden, die monomer vorliegen: Me2Si(N(tBu)AlMe2)-(N(2Bu)MgR) R = Me, Bz, 2Bu, Ph. Als Vorstufe zu diesen Verbindungen lässt sich die Lithiumvrbindung Me2Si(N(tBu)AlMe2(N(tBu)Li) und das entsprechende Natriumderivat isolieren. Aus dem 1H-NMR-Spektrum folgt abermals eine bi-pyramidale N(Li,Al,Si)N-Anordnung als Grundgerüst des Moleküls

Evidence and Burden of Proof in Foreign Sovereign Immunity Litigation: A Procedural Guide for International Lawyers and Government Counsel

‘Evidence and Burden of Proof in Foreign Sovereign Immunity Litigation: A Procedural Guide for International Lawyers and Government Counsel’ (3rd Revised Edition, 2017) is the first specialized and practically useful analysis of the evidence problems and the burden of proof in matters of foreign sovereign immunity litigation, both regarding jurisdictional immunities and immunity from execution. The monograph is a comparative law analysis that spans six of the seven existing national statutes on foreign sovereign immunity, starting with the United States’ Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, 1976, to the Canadian State Immunity Act, 1982. The study concludes in demonstrating two distinct rules of the burden of proof, for each kind of immunity; the rules are widely uniform, and were corroborated by case law and scholarly opinion in all of the examined jurisdictions. They can be said to form today rules of international law. The monograph is of high practical value for litigation lawyers and government counsel struggling with evidence problems regarding foreign sovereign immunity. It can be taken as a reference guide for solving the evidence problems in those trials, and as such is a precious asset in any international law library. The only titles that in scope, depth and size can be compared with the present study are already quite out of date, and they have, if ever, only randomly dealt with the specific procedural problems of evidence and the burden of proof in international sovereign immunity litigation