21,569 research outputs found
Flexible thermal device
Fabrication of expansion joint, vibration isolator device with sufficient cross sectional area for high thermal conductivity is discussed. Device consists of multiple layers of metal foil which may be designed to meet specific applications. Thermodynamic properties of the device and illustration of construction are provided
Observation of Single Transits in Supercooled Monatomic Liquids
A transit is the motion of a system from one many-particle potential energy
valley to another. We report the observation of transits in molecular dynamics
(MD) calculations of supercooled liquid argon and sodium. Each transit is a
correlated simultaneous shift in the equilibrium positions of a small local
group of particles, as revealed in the fluctuating graphs of the particle
coordinates versus time. This is the first reported direct observation of
transit motion in a monatomic liquid in thermal equilibrium. We found transits
involving 2 to 11 particles, having mean shift in equilibrium position on the
order of 0.4 R_1 in argon and 0.25 R_1 in sodium, where R_1 is the nearest
neighbor distance. The time it takes for a transit to occur is approximately
one mean vibrational period, confirming that transits are fast.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figure
The GPRIME approach to finite element modeling
GPRIME, an interactive modeling system, runs on the CDC 6000 computers and the DEC VAX 11/780 minicomputer. This system includes three components: (1) GPRIME, a user friendly geometric language and a processor to translate that language into geometric entities, (2) GGEN, an interactive data generator for 2-D models; and (3) SOLIDGEN, a 3-D solid modeling program. Each component has a computer user interface of an extensive command set. All of these programs make use of a comprehensive B-spline mathematics subroutine library, which can be used for a wide variety of interpolation problems and other geometric calculations. Many other user aids, such as automatic saving of the geometric and finite element data bases and hidden line removal, are available. This interactive finite element modeling capability can produce a complete finite element model, producing an output file of grid and element data
Can Everett be Interpreted Without Extravaganza?
Everett's relative states interpretation of quantum mechanics has met with
problems related to probability, the preferred basis, and multiplicity. The
third theme, I argue, is the most important one. It has led to developments of
the original approach into many-worlds, many-minds, and decoherence-based
approaches. The latter especially have been advocated in recent years, in an
effort to understand multiplicity without resorting to what is often perceived
as extravagant constructions. Drawing from and adding to arguments of others, I
show that proponents of decoherence-based approaches have not yet succeeded in
making their ontology clear.Comment: Succinct analysis forthcoming in Found. Phy
On the accuracy of the melting curves drawn from modelling a solid as an elastic medium
An ongoing problem in the study of a classical many-body system is the
characterization of its equilibrium behaviour by theory or numerical
simulation. For purely repulsive particles, locating the melting line in the
pressure-temperature plane can be especially hard if the interparticle
potential has a softened core or contains some adjustable parameters. A method
is hereby presented that yields reliable melting-curve topologies with
negligible computational effort. It is obtained by combining the Lindemann
melting criterion with a description of the solid phase as an elastic
continuum. A number of examples are given in order to illustrate the scope of
the method and possible shortcomings. For a two-body repulsion of Gaussian
shape, the outcome of the present approach compares favourably with the more
accurate but also more computationally demanding self-consistent harmonic
approximation.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figure
Adiabatic and Non-Adiabatic Contributions to the Free Energy from the Electron-Phonon Interaction for Na, K, Al, and Pb
We calculate the adiabatic contributions to the free energy due to the
electron--phonon interaction at intermediate temperatures, for the elemental metals Na, K, Al, and Pb. Using our
previously published results for the nonadiabatic contributions we show that
the adiabatic contribution, which is proportional to at low
temperatures and goes as at high temperatures, dominates the
nonadiabatic contribution for temperatures above a cross--over temperature,
, which is between 0.5 and 0.8 , where is the melting
temperature of the metal. The nonadiabatic contribution falls as for
temperatures roughly above the average phonon frequency.Comment: Updated versio
Goldstone-type fluctuations and their implications for the amorphous solid state
In sufficiently high spatial dimensions, the formation of the amorphous (i.e.
random) solid state of matter, e.g., upon sufficent crosslinking of a
macromolecular fluid, involves particle localization and, concommitantly, the
spontaneous breakdown of the (global, continuous) symmetry of translations.
Correspondingly, the state supports Goldstone-type low energy, long wave-length
fluctuations, the structure and implications of which are identified and
explored from the perspective of an appropriate replica field theory. In terms
of this replica perspective, the lost symmetry is that of relative translations
of the replicas; common translations remain as intact symmetries, reflecting
the statistical homogeneity of the amorphous solid state. What emerges is a
picture of the Goldstone-type fluctuations of the amorphous solid state as
shear deformations of an elastic medium, along with a derivation of the shear
modulus and the elastic free energy of the state. The consequences of these
fluctuations -- which dominate deep inside the amorphous solid state -- for the
order parameter of the amorphous solid state are ascertained and interpreted in
terms of their impact on the statistical distribution of localization lengths,
a central diagnostic of the the state. The correlations of these order
parameter fluctuations are also determined, and are shown to contain
information concerning further diagnostics of the amorphous solid state, such
as spatial correlations in the statistics of the localization characteristics.
Special attention is paid to the properties of the amorphous solid state in two
spatial dimensions, for which it is shown that Goldstone-type fluctuations
destroy particle localization, the order parameter is driven to zero, and
power-law order-parameter correlations hold.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figure
Melting of Polydisperse Hard Disks
The melting of a polydisperse hard disk system is investigated by Monte Carlo
simulations in the semigrand canonical ensemble. This is done in the context of
possible continuous melting by a dislocation unbinding mechanism, as an
extension of the 2D hard disk melting problem. We find that while there is
pronounced fractionation in polydispersity, the apparent density-polydispersity
gap does not increase in width, contrary to 3D polydisperse hard spheres. The
point where the Young's modulus is low enough for the dislocation unbinding to
occur moves with the apparent melting point, but stays within the density gap,
just like for the monodisperse hard disk system. Additionally, we find that
throughout the accessible polydispersity range, the bound dislocation-pair
concentration is high enough to affect the dislocation unbinding melting as
predicted by Kosterlitz, Thouless, Halperin, Nelson and Young.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
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