Trace elements and rat pouchitis

The procedure of restorative proctocolectomy is associated with a complete removal of the colon and slight reduction of ileum length, which together can lead to systemic shortages of trace elements. Inflammatory changes in the pouch mucosa may also have some impact. However, there is no data on trace elements in pouchitis. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to assess the effect of acute pouchitis on the status of selected trace elements in rats. Restorative proctocolectomy with the construction of intestinal J-pouch was performed in twenty-four Wistar rats. Three weeks after the surgery, pouchitis was induced. Eight untreated rats created the control group. Liver concentrations of selected micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Se) were measured in both groups six weeks later, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Liver concentrations of trace elements did not differ between the study and the control groups. However, copper, cobalt and selenium concentrations [μg/g] were statistically lower (p<0.02, p<0.05 and p<0.04, respectively) in rats with severe pouchitis (n=9) as compared with rats with mild pouchitis (n=7) [median (range): Cu - 7.05 (3.02-14.57) vs 10.47 (5.16-14.97); Co - 0.55 (0.37-0.96) vs 0.61 (0.52-0.86); Se - 1.17 (0.69-1.54) vs 1.18 (0.29-1.91)]. In conclusion, it seems that acute pouchitis can lead to a significant deficiency of trace elements

Effectiveness of the influence of selected essential oils on the growth of parasitic fusarium isolated from wheat kernels from central Europe

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of selected seven commercial essential oils (EsO) (grapefruit, lemongrass, tea tree (TTO), thyme, verbena, cajeput, and Litsea cubeba) on isolates of common Central European parasitic fungal species of Fusarium obtained from infected wheat kernels, and to evaluate the oils as potential natural fungicides. The study was conducted in 2 stages. At each stage, the fungicidal activity of EsO (with concentrations of 0.025; 0.05; 0.125; 0.25; 0.50; 1.0, and 2.0%) against Fusarium spp. was evaluated using the disc plate method and zones of growth inhibition were measured. At the first stage, the fungistatic activity of EsO was evaluated against four species of Fusarium from the Polish population (F. avenaceum FAPL, F. culmorum FCPL, F. graminearum FGPL and F. oxysporum FOPL). The correlation coefficient between the mycelial growth rate index (T) and the fungistatic activity (FA) was calculated. At the second stage, on the basis of the mycelium growth rate index, the effectiveness of the EsO in limiting the development of Fusarium isolates from the German population (F. culmorum FC1D, F. culmorum FC2D, F. graminearum FG1D, F. graminearum FG2D and F. poae FP0D) was assessed. The first and second stage results presented as a growth rate index were then used to indicate essential oils (as potential natural fungicides) effectively limiting the development of various common Central European parasitic species Fusarium spp. Finally, the sensitivity of four Fusarium isolates from the Polish population and five Fusarium isolates from the German population was compared. The data were compiled in STATISTICA 13.0 (StatSoft, Inc, CA, USA) at the significance level of 0.05. Fusarium isolates from the German population were generally more sensitive than those from the Polish population. The sensitivity of individual Fusarium species varied. Their vulnerability, regardless of the isolate origin, in order from the most to the least sensitive, is as follows: F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. poae, F. avenaceum and F. oxysporum. The strongest fungicidal activity, similar to Funaben T, showed thyme oil (regardless of the concentration). Performance of citral oils (lemongrass and Litsea cubeba) was similar but at a concentration above 0.025%

DSO network flexibility – a key for efficient energy transformation

Zmiany w polityce klimatycznej, zarówno na szczeblu krajowym, jaki i europejskim, w tym wymaganie neutralności klimatycznej do roku 2050, przekładają się na intensyfikację procesów transformacji miksu elektorenergetycznego. W pracy przeprowadzono analizy ilościowe i jakościowe wybranych scenariuszy transformacji sektora mieszkaniowego w Polsce (łącznie około 50% zapotrzebowania na ciepło i energię elektryczną względem roku 2018). Do 2030 r. spodziewany jest istotny wzrost zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną, co związane jest z znaczącymi nakładami na modernizację KSE. Niniejsza praca pokazuje strategię obniżenia kosztów modernizacji KSE poprzez przedstawienie różnych podejść do zwiększenia zasobów elastyczności w KSE. Wśród nich przedstawiona jest koncepcja lokalnego bilansowania, na które składa się: autokonsumpcja chwilowa oraz bilansowanie techniczne. Zaproponowane zostały niezbędne mechanizmy regulacyjne.Current changes in domestic and European climate policies, especially the goal for reaching climate neutrality up to 2050, drive the process of energy mix transformation in Poland. This article presents results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the polish residential sector’s energy transformation for a given set of environmental scenarios. Residential sector is responsible for around 50% of a domestic demand for both heat and electrical energy. Before 2030 we expect a substantial increase in electrical energy demand which would require a costly power grid modernisation. We present a strategy and regulatory approach for optimal management of power grid investments based on incentivizing synchronization and balancing of local demand and generation. We point out the local balancing approach as one of the most promising concepts for enabling efficient and timely transformation towards climate neutrality of energy sector. We lay out the proposed regulatory changes needed to implement the local balancing mechanisms

Elastyczność w sieci OSD jako kluczowy komponent transformacji energetycznej

Zmiany w polityce klimatycznej, zarówno na szczeblu krajowym, jaki i europejskim, w tym wymaganie neutralności klimatycznej do roku 2050, przekładają się na intensyfikację procesów transformacji miksu elektorenergetycznego. W pracy przeprowadzono analizy ilościowe i jakościowe wybranych scenariuszy transformacji sektora mieszkaniowego w Polsce (łącznie około 50% zapotrzebowania na ciepło i energię elektryczną względem roku 2018). Do 2030 r. spodziewany jest istotny wzrost zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną, co związane jest z znaczącymi nakładami na modernizację KSE. Niniejsza praca pokazuje strategię obniżenia kosztów modernizacji KSE poprzez przedstawienie różnych podejść do zwiększenia zasobów elastyczności w KSE. Wśród nich przedstawiona jest koncepcja lokalnego bilansowania, na które składa się: autokonsumpcja chwilowa oraz bilansowanie techniczne. Zaproponowane zostały niezbędne mechanizmy regulacyjne

A Parameterized Procedure for Consensus Sequences- Validation of the Method

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Effect of Solvent Polarizability on the Keto/Enol Equilibrium of Selected Bioactive Molecules from the 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Group with a 2,4-Hydroxyphenyl Function

Three novel 1,3,4-tiadiazole-derived compounds with biological-activity, i.e., 4-(5-(methylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)­benzene-1,3-diol (MDFT), 4-(5-(phenylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)­benzene-1,3-diol (PhATB), and 4-(5-(4-chlorophenylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)­benzene-1,3-diol (4-CIPhATB) were characterized with the use of several spectroscopic methods. Detailed UV–vis studies revealed keto/enol tautomerism of the examined compounds. The absorption spectra recorded in nonpolar solvents exhibited bands that were characteristic of keto tautomers, while in polar solvents the enol form is predominant. A number of spectra revealed the presence of both tautomeric forms in the solution. The keto/enol equilibria observed were both solvent- and temperature-dependent. The keto/enol equilibrium was also observed using FTIR spectroscopy. A detailed analysis of the spectroscopic data leads to a conclusion that the solvent-induced tautomerism of the selected compounds from the 1,3,4-thiadiazole group does not depend on the electric dipole moment of the solvent but more likely on its average electric polarizability. Additionally, a clear effect of the substituent present in the molecule on the tautomeric equilibrium in the selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole analogues was noted

Metabolic syndrome is associated with similar long-term prognosis in non-obese and obese patients. An analysis of 45 615 patients from the nationwide LIPIDOGRAM 2004-2015 cohort studies

Aims We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and long-term all-cause mortality. Methods The LIPIDOGRAM studies were carried out in the primary care in Poland in 2004, 2006 and 2015. MetS was diagnosed based on the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) and Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria. The cohort was divided into four groups: non-obese patients without MetS, obese patients without MetS, non-obese patients with MetS and obese patients with MetS. Differences in all-cause mortality was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Results 45,615 participants were enrolled (mean age 56.3, standard deviation: 11.8 years; 61.7% female). MetS was diagnosed in 14,202 (31%) by NCEP/ATP III criteria, and 17,216 (37.7%) by JIS criteria. Follow-up was available for 44,620 (97.8%, median duration 15.3 years) patients. MetS was associated with increased mortality risk among the obese (hazard ratio, HR: 1.88 [95% CI, 1.79-1.99] and HR: 1.93 [95% CI 1.82-2.04], according to NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria, respectively) and non-obese individuals (HR: 2.11 [95% CI 1.85-2.40] and 1.7 [95% CI, 1.56-1.85] according to NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria respectively). Obese patients without MetS had a higher mortality risk than non-obese patients without MetS (HR: 1.16 [95% CI 1.10-1.23] and HR: 1.22 [95%CI 1.15-1.30], respectively in subgroups with NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria applied). Conclusions MetS is associated with increased all-cause mortality risk in non-obese and obese patients. In patients without MetS obesity remains significantly associated with mortality. The concept of metabolically healthy obesity should be revised