JRNL: Journal Retention and Needs Listing — A Software Tool for Managing Print Journal Archives

The Journal Retention and Needs Listing (JRNL) program: 1) allows libraries to expose lists of print journals for which they have made retention commitments; 2) express needs (or gaps) in their holdings; and 3) communicate offers to fill the gaps in other participating libraries’ holdings. Multiple library consortia and their member libraries use JRNL to facilitate communication between library staff to identify holding commitments, fill gaps, and guide deselection decisions. JRNL is commonly developed and governed by the participating consortia. Currently, those consortia are the Florida Academic Repository (FLARE), the Association of Southeastern Research Libraries (ASERL)/Washington Research Library Consortium (WRLC), and the Western Regional Storage Trust (WEST)

Altered chemomechanical coupling causes impaired motility of the kinesin-4 motors KIF27 and KIF7.

Kinesin-4 motors play important roles in cell division, microtubule organization, and signaling. Understanding how motors perform their functions requires an understanding of their mechanochemical and motility properties. We demonstrate that KIF27 can influence microtubule dynamics, suggesting a conserved function in microtubule organization across the kinesin-4 family. However, kinesin-4 motors display dramatically different motility characteristics: KIF4 and KIF21 motors are fast and processive, KIF7 and its Drosophila melanogaster homologue Costal2 (Cos2) are immotile, and KIF27 is slow and processive. Neither KIF7 nor KIF27 can cooperate for fast processive transport when working in teams. The mechanistic basis of immotile KIF7 behavior arises from an inability to release adenosine diphosphate in response to microtubule binding, whereas slow processive KIF27 behavior arises from a slow adenosine triphosphatase rate and a high affinity for both adenosine triphosphate and microtubules. We suggest that evolutionarily selected sequence differences enable immotile KIF7 and Cos2 motors to function not as transporters but as microtubule-based tethers of signaling complexes

Return to Sport and Athletic Function in an Active Population After Primary Arthroscopic Labral Reconstruction of the Hip

Background: Labral reconstruction has been advocated as an alternative to debridement for the treatment of irreparable labral tears, showing favorable short-term results. However, literature is scarce regarding outcomes and return to sport in the nonelite athletic population. Purpose: To report minimum 1-year clinical outcomes and the rate of return to sport in athletic patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy with labral reconstruction in the setting of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and irreparable labral tears. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed for patients who underwent an arthroscopic labral reconstruction between August 2012 and December 2017. Patients were included if they identified as an athlete (high school, college, recreational, or amateur); had follow-up on the following patient-reported outcomes (PROs): modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale (VAS); and completed a return-to-sport survey at 1 year postoperatively. Patients were excluded if they underwent any previous ipsilateral hip surgery, had dysplasia, or had prior hip conditions. The proportions of patients who achieved the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) for mHHS and HOS-SSS were calculated. Statistical significance was set at P =.05. Results: There were 32 (14 females) athletes who underwent primary arthroscopic labral reconstruction during the study period. The mean age and body mass index of the group were 40.3 years (range, 15.5-58.7 years) and 27.9 kg/m2 (range, 19.6-40.1 kg/m2), respectively. The mean follow-up was 26.4 months (range, 12-64.2 months). All patients demonstrated significant improvement in mHHS, NAHS, HOS-SSS, and VAS (P \u3c.001) at latest follow-up. Additionally, 84.4% achieved MCID and 81.3% achieved PASS for mHHS, and 87.5% achieved MCID and 75% achieved PASS for HOS-SSS. VAS pain scores decreased from 4.4 to 1.8, and the satisfaction with surgery was 7.9 out of 10. The rate of return to sport was 78%. Conclusion: At minimum 1-year follow-up, primary arthroscopic labral reconstruction, in the setting of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and irreparable labral tears, was associated with significant improvement in PROs in athletic populations. Return to sport within 1 year of surgery was 78%

Measuring the Black Hole Spin in Sgr A*

The polarized mm/sub-mm radiation from Sgr A* is apparently produced by a Keplerian structure whose peak emission occurs within several Schwarzschild radii (r_S=2GM/c^2) of the black hole. The Chandra X-ray counterpart, if confirmed, is presumably the self-Comptonized component from this region. In this paper, we suggest that sub-mm timing observations could yield a signal corresponding to the period P_0 of the marginally stable orbit, and therefore point directly to the black hole's spin a. Sgr A*'s mass is now known to be (2.6\pm 0.2)\times 10^6 M_\odot (an unusually accurate value for supermassive black hole candidates), for which 2.7 min<P_0<36 min, depending on the value of a and whether the Keplerian flow is prograde or retrograde. A Schwarzschild black hole (a=0) should have P_0 ~ 20 min. The identification of the orbital frequency with the innermost stable circular orbit is made feasible by the transition from optically thick to thin emission at sub-mm wavelengths. With stratification in the emitter, the peak of the sub-mm bump in Sgr A*'s spectrum is thus produced at the smallest radius. We caution, however, that theoretical uncertainties in the structure of the emission region may still produce some ambiguity in the timing signal. Given that Sgr A*'s flux at $\nu\sim 1$ mm is several Jy, these periods should lie within the temporal-resolving capability of sub-mm telescopes using bolometric detectors. A determination of P_0 should provide not only a value of a, but it should also define the angular momentum vector of the orbiting gas in relation to the black hole's spin axis. In addition, since the X-ray flux detected by Chandra appears to be the self-Comptonized mm to sub-mm component, these temporal fluctuations may also be evident in the X-ray signal.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

Informatics for RNA sequencing: A web resource for analysis on the cloud

Massively parallel RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has rapidly become the assay of choice for interrogating RNA transcript abundance and diversity. This article provides a detailed introduction to fundamental RNA-seq molecular biology and informatics concepts. We make available open-access RNA-seq tutorials that cover cloud computing, tool installation, relevant file formats, reference genomes, transcriptome annotations, quality-control strategies, expression, differential expression, and alternative splicing analysis methods. These tutorials and additional training resources are accompanied by complete analysis pipelines and test datasets made available without encumbrance at www.rnaseq.wiki

Impacts of Health Information Exchange and Health Information Organization on Hospital Efficiency: A Data Envelopment Analysis

This paper aimed to determine if hospitals that participated in Health Information Exchange (HIE) and Health Information Organization (HIO) were more efficient than hospitals that did not participate. This study collected sample data from the 2017 American Hospital Association (AHA) U.S. Hospital Annual Survey dataset and the 2017 AHA IT Survey dataset. We created a DEA model to measure hospital efficiencies. Mann-Whitney Test performed the hypothesis test. Evidence showed that HIE/HIO participating hospital group had a significantly higher efficiency score than the non-participating hospital group

Switch‐1 instability at the active site decouples ATP hydrolysis from force generation in myosin II

Myosin active site elements (i.e., switch-1) bind both ATP and a divalent metal to coordinate ATP hydrolysis. ATP hydrolysis at the active site is linked via allosteric communication to the actin polymer binding site and lever arm movement, thus coupling the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to force generation. How active site motifs are functionally linked to actin binding and the power stroke is still poorly understood. We hypothesize that destabilizing switch-1 movement at the active site will negatively affect the tight coupling of the ATPase catalytic cycle to force production. Using a metal-switch system, we tested the effect of interfering with switch-1 coordination of the divalent metal cofactor on force generation. We found that while ATPase activity increased, motility was inhibited. Our results demonstrate that a single atom change that affects the switch-1 interaction with the divalent metal directly affects actin binding and productive force generation. Even slight modification of the switch-1 divalent metal coordination can decouple ATP hydrolysis from motility. Switch-1 movement is therefore critical for both structural communication with the actin binding site, as well as coupling the energy of ATP hydrolysis to force generation