Changes of serum omentin-1 levels and relationship between omentin-1 and insulin resistance in chronic hepatitis C patients

Omentin-1 is a novel adipokine that has a pivotal role in modulating the insulin sensitivity, immunity and inflammation. The current study was conducted to evaluate the serum omentin-1 level in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients, with or without type 2 diabetes, and to investigate its correlation with liver function parameters and insulin resistance. Methods: Eighty subjects were enrolled in this study divided into four groups: chronic HCV infected patients (n=20), chronic hepatitis C patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes (n=18), type 2 diabetic patients (n=22) and 20 healthy controls. Serum omentin-1 levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, and liver parameters including aminotrans ferases (ALT and AST) were determined. Results: Serum omentin-1 levels were significantly elevated in HCV infected patients compared to all other groups. Omentin-1 levels were positively correlated with AST and ALT levels (r =0.43, p< 0.001; r =0.423, p<0.001, respectively). Additionally, a significant negative correlation was found between omentin-1 and both fasting insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = -0.238, p< 0.05; r = -0.277, p<0.05, respectively). Furthermore, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and HOMA-β were negatively correlated to serum omentin-1 levels however these correlations were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Serum omentin-1 level is elevated in HCV infected patients and is positively associated with liver enzymes AST and ALT. This suggested that omentin-1 may be implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C and its metabolic complications. However its role needs to be elucidated by further studies

The extent of the national interactive curriculum contributes to health awareness concepts development among Public kindergarten children from female teachers’ perspective in of Zarqa governorate

This study aimed to find out The Extent of the National Interactive Curriculum Contributes to Health Awareness Concepts Development among Publich Kindergarten Children from Female Teachers Perspective in of Zarqa Governorate”. The study used descriptive approach. The study population consisted of (185) kindergarten teachers in Zarqa Governorate, and the study sample consisted of the (154) female teachers who were randomly selected. We built a questionnaire, and it consisted of (58) paragraphs representing the concepts of health awareness in three areas, namely: (Personal, Physical, Food, and Environmental) .The results of the study showed after statistical analyzes that all areas of health awareness concepts came with an average degree, and showed personal and physical awareness came at a high degree, while other areas came with an average degree, and according to different averages: food awareness came first, and environmental awareness camenext, and showed that there are no statistically significant differences according to variables: (educational qualification, years of experience), and in each of the areas of health awareness concepts and in the areas combined.The study recommended developing the interactive national curriculum and enhancing it with activities aimed at educating the child about the right health concepts

C -Reactive Protein as an Immunopathological Prognostic Marker for Giardia Lamblia and Entamoeba Histolytica Associated Diarrhea among Children of Baghdad Governorate

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the classic acute phase proteins. The study of induction of acute phase reactants synthesis in parasitic infections would aid in understanding the host –parasite relationship.Methods:Seventy three children with parasitic diarrhea that proved through clinical and  microbiological investigation were selected. Thirteen of selected children were infected with G.lamblia and the rest sixty were infected with E.histolytica . Nineteen of the control group was females while the rest eleven were males. Venous Blood were collected from patients and control group for detection of CRP level via latex agglutination test.  Results : The high rate of infection was detected among the age group (19-36) months. The highest level of CRP was (192 mg/dl) while the lowest one was (12 mg/dl) with a mean level (51.20 mg/dl). the mean level of CRP  in control group was (3.7500 mg/dl). positive significant correlations between CRP level and the age of infected children (r=0.290,p=0.013), the chronic infection with G.lamblia and E.histolytica (r=0.760,p=0.000) . Positive significant correlation between the age group and the chronic infection with G.lamblia and E.histolytica (r=0.493,p=0.000) .  Significant difference was detected between the patients group and control group regarding the CRP level (p&gt;0.05).Conclusion: This study proved that CRP level was increased in association with the age and chronic presentation of diarrhea caused by  G.lamblia and E.histolytica and can be used as a non specific immunological marker for monitoring of clinical presentation of G.lamblia and E.histolytica associated diarrheal . Key word: CRP, G.lamblia, E.histolytica, diarrhea

C -Reactive Protein as an Immunopathological Prognostic Marker for Giardia Lamblia and Entamoeba Histolytica Associated Diarrhea among Children of Baghdad Governorate

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the classic acute phase proteins. The study of induction of acute phase reactants synthesis in parasitic infections would aid in understanding the host –parasite relationship.Methods:Seventy three children with parasitic diarrhea that proved through clinical and  microbiological investigation were selected. Thirteen of selected children were infected with G.lamblia and the rest sixty were infected with E.histolytica . Nineteen of the control group was females while the rest eleven were males. Venous Blood were collected from patients and control group for detection of CRP level via latex agglutination test.  Results : The high rate of infection was detected among the age group (19-36) months. The highest level of CRP was (192 mg/dl) while the lowest one was (12 mg/dl) with a mean level (51.20 mg/dl). the mean level of CRP  in control group was (3.7500 mg/dl). positive significant correlations between CRP level and the age of infected children (r=0.290,p=0.013), the chronic infection with G.lamblia and E.histolytica (r=0.760,p=0.000) . Positive significant correlation between the age group and the chronic infection with G.lamblia and E.histolytica (r=0.493,p=0.000) .  Significant difference was detected between the patients group and control group regarding the CRP level (p&gt;0.05).Conclusion: This study proved that CRP level was increased in association with the age and chronic presentation of diarrhea caused by  G.lamblia and E.histolytica and can be used as a non specific immunological marker for monitoring of clinical presentation of G.lamblia and E.histolytica associated diarrheal . Key word: CRP, G.lamblia, E.histolytica, diarrhea

Therapeutic Efficacy of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Leaves Extract to Manage Diabetes mellitus

Natural bioactive compounds that target pancreatic cells for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus are gaining popularity. The purpose of this research was to investigate the physiologic effects of Lotus leaves on insulin and sugar levels in order to improve diabetes control. The Soxhelt apparatus was used to extract the Lotus ethanol extract, which was diluted with distilled water at two concentrations: 5 mg/ml (5 percent) and 10 mg/ml (10 percent).. Thirty female white albino rats were randomly separated into three groups: G1(n=10) was given distilled water 1ml, G2(n=10) and G3(n=10) were given a single dosage of 5% and 10% extract solution, respectively, daily for ten days. The results showed significant decrease of glucose level in serum after 10 days of treatment G2= 87.36±1.5 and G3=69.7±1.7 and significant increase of insulin level in serum G2= 78.92±1.03 and G3= 89.36±1.46

Clinical, Pathological and Radio Logical Findings in the COVID-19 Positive Patients

Meanwhile, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a severe need to learn related to its course, prognostic inflammatory markers, disease difficulties, and mechanical ventilation strategy. Clinically, three phases have been recognized founded on viral infection, pulmonary involvement with inflammation, and fibrosis. Although indispensable for therapeutic supervision, the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is badly unstated. Here, we methodically reviewed published case reports and case series in order to increase our comprehension related to KKH confirmed COVID-19 patient line list of kingdoms of Saudi Arabia, with the complete history of COVID-19 positive patients. Pathophysiology by constructing a timeline and connecting histopathological conclusions with clinical phases of COVID-19. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/84-03 Publication date: December 31st 202

Neonatal Auditory Screening is a Necessity in The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Single Center Study

Background: Hearing impairment early in life interferes with normal healthy psychosocial, linguistic and educational development. Neonatal morbidities might be complicated by increased hearing impairment. Aim of the Work: To study the frequency of hearing loss among neonates with morbidities necessitating admission to neonatal intensive care units. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved screening of 250 neonate on day of discharge from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Children Hospital, Cairo University Hospitals, Egypt during 2020 using evoked otoacoustic emission (EOAE). Automated auditory brain stem response (AABR) was used as a confirmatory test for those who failed EOAE. Results: among the 250 neonates, 70 (28%) failed the screening by EOAE, and hearing loss was confirmed by AABR among 35(14%). Morbidity risk factors that contributed to hearing impairment was prematurity (p = 0.001), low birth weight (p = 0.003), low APGAR score at 1 and 5 minutes (p = 0.004), long NICU stay duration (p = 0.001), complications of pregnancy and delivery (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006 respectively), hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (p = 0.001), intracranial hemorrhage (p = 0.001), meningitis (p = 0.003), mechanical ventilation for more than 5 days (p = 0.005), ototoxic drug use (p = 0.007) and hyperbilirubinemia at level of exchange transfusion (p = 0.001). Conclusion: EOAE and confirmatory AABR non- invasively and objectively detected 14% hearing loss among neonates admitted to NICU. Implementation of screening for hearing impairment among those with morbidity risk factors is a necessity to allow prompt diagnosis and early management of hearing loss

Three Dimensional (3D) Echocardiography as a Tool of Left Ventricular Assessment in Children with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Comparison to Cardiac MRI

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) is Strong prognostic indicators for DCM. Cardiac MRI (CMRI) is a preferred technique for LV volumes and EF assessment due to high spatial resolution and complete volumetric datasets. Three-dimensional echocardiography is a promising new technique under investigations. AIM: Evaluate 3D echocardiography as a tool in LV assessment in DCM children about CMRI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A group of 20 DCM children (LVdiastolic diameter &lt; 2 Z score, LVEF &lt; 35%) at Children s Hospital, Ain-Shams University (gp1) (mean age 6.6 years) were compared to 20 age and sex-matched children as controls (gp2). Patients were subjected to: clinical examination, conventional echocardiography, automated 3D LV quantification, 3D speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) (VIVID E9 Vingmed, Norway) and CMRI (Philips Achieva Nova, 1.5 Tesla scanner) for LV end systolic volume (LVESV), LVend diastolic volume (LVEDV) that were indexed to body surface area, EF% and wall motion abnormalities assessment. RESUTS: No statistically significant difference was found between automated 3D LV quantification echocardiography, 3D-STE, and CMRI in ESV/BSA and EDV/BSA assessment (p = 1, 0.99 respectively), between automated LV quantification echocardiography and CMRI in EF% assessment (p = 0.99) and between CMRI and 3D-STE in LV Global hypokinesia detection (P = 0.255). As for segmental hypokinesia CMRI was more sensitive [45% of patients vs. 40%, (P = 0,036), basal septal hypokinesia 85% vs. 75%, (p = 0.045), mid septal hypokinesia 80% vs. 65%, (p = 0.012) and lateral wall hypokinesia 75% vs. 65%, (p = 0.028)]. CONCLUSION: Automated 3D LV quantification echocardiography and 3D-STE are reliable tools in LV volumetric and systolic function assessment about CMRIas a standard method. 3D speckle echocardiography is comparable to CMRI in global wall hypokinesia detection but less sensitive in segmental wall hypokinesia which mandates further studies