The Bay Scallop, Argopecten irradians amplicostatus, in Northeastern Mexico

The bay scallop, Argopecten irradians amplicostatus, has been present in the coastal lagoons of northeastern Mexico from Laguna Madre, Tamaulipas, to Tuxpan, Veracruz. But now, usually scarce in all lagoons, the scallop is harvested sporadically by fishermen who wade and collect them by hand and with tongs. Some are eaten by the fishermen and some are sold. They bring the fishermen about 60 pesos (5.88US$)/kg. Only the adductor muscles are eaten; they are prepared in cocktails and in ceviche. Little evidence exists that this scallop species was used in the early Mexican cultures

The Oyster Industry of Eastern Mexico

Mexico has an oyster industry of substantial size, ranking about sixth in the world. In 1993, among the top ten oyster producers, Korea, Japan, the United States, China, and France ranked ahead of Mexico, while the Philippines, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand trailed it (Fig. 1). On its east coast, the species landed is the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, while on its west coast C. corteziensis, C. iridescens, and the Pacific oyster, C. gigas, are landed. During the last 10-15 years, annual production often was at least 50,000 t of shelled oysters, or nearly 1.5 million bushels (Anonymous, 1995), with the great preponderance (90%) coming from a series of lagoons connecting with the Gulf of Mexico along the east coast (Fig. 2) and the remainder produced on the west coast

Rangia and Marsh Clams, Rangia cuneata, R. flexuosa, and Polymesoda caroliniana, in Eastern México: Distribution, Biology and Ecology, and Historical Fisheries

Rangia and marsh clams, Rangia cuneata, R. flexuosa, and Polymesoda caroliniana, occur in brackish waters along México’s eastern coast from the northern State of Tamaulipas to the southern State of Campeche. The clams were important to the prehispanic people in the southern part of the State of Veracruz, where they were used as food and as construction material. In modern times, they are harvested for food. The fishermen wade in shallow water and harvest the clams in soft sediments by hand. Annual landings of whole clams during a recent 5-yr period, 1998–2002, were 1,139–1,695 t. The only area with a substantial ongoing clam fishery is in the Lower Papaloapan River Basin, including Alvarado Lagoon, where as many as 450 fishermen are licensed harvesters. This fishery for the Rangia and marsh clams is the most important clam fishery along México’s Gulf Coast

Electronic Cigarettes Vs. Regular Tobacco Cigarettes

Smoking is one of the most talked about subject in public health. the use of electronic cigarettes is becoming increasingly popular among smokers world wide. Smoking E- cigarettes is thought to be healthier than smoking regular tobacco cigarettes. As stated by the Centers of Disease Control and prevention (2014), cigarette smoking causes 480,000 deaths every year in the United States; that is about one in five deaths. Although, electronic cigarettes are being marketed and promoted as being healthier to smoke compared to regular tobacco cigarettes, electronic cigarettes are just as harmful to the human body as tobacco cigarettes are. For my thesis project, I am going to do a podcast. I plan on writing a descriptive script of information regarding my topic. Also, I will be working with faculty from the communications department as guidance on making a podcast. Doing a podcast on electronic cigarettes is a good way to provide information because there is not enough information of the health risks of electronic cigarettes. A podcast also provides a different way of obtaining the information for learners

Understanding the impact of decentralization on the quality of primary health care in Pallisa District in Uganda : a study of users' and providers' experiences and perspectives

This is a study of the experiences and perspectives of the users and providers of primary health care. The study analyses the users and the providers' experiences and perspectives with regards to the decentralization policy and its impact on the quality of primary health care delivery in the rural district of Pallisa in Uganda since its implementation in 1990s-2005. This is mainly a qualitative study in which both users and providers were interviewed although quantitative data was applied to add meaning where necessary. The study has shown that decentralization in Uganda is a new form and means of service delivery. The planners aim at getting every segment of the population to participate in all aspects of service delivery. There is evidence to show that the policy has had a positive impact on the structure of the health sector as a whole. However, the systematic processes of cost containment measures has resulted in the general economic hardship in the operationalization of the decentralization policy in Uganda and has resulted in varied experiences and the way decentralization is viewed in Pallisa. The study noted that hardships have resulted from increasing responsibilities given to lower level of government amidst declining state support in terms of funding and manpower development. The study notes that the apparent changes brought by the overall restructuring of health services have resulted in the 'commercialization of social relations which has changed the way people live and view public goods which also contributes to hardships in service utilization. This study shows that although health service delivery and its quality in rural Pallisa is an old problem, there are feelings among the users and providers that these problems have worsened in the recent past transforming health care consumers and providers into a new category of social actors who have taken different approaches to survive a midst poverty, exclusion and the declining state support system. Although this study does not recommend a return to a centralization system of service delivery in the health sector, it does however, find implementation problems which will have to be addressed if the intended benefits are to be realized

Range extension of Sanopus reticulatus (Teleostei: Batrachoididae) in the Yucatán Peninsula

AbstractThe geographic range of Sanopus reticulatus Collette, 1983 in the Yucatán Peninsula is extended about 75km southwest to Celestún and about 200km to Las Coloradas. During the periods of algal blooms in Telchac and Las Coloradas and specific sampling in Celestún, Yucatán, on August 14 and September 26 and 27, 2015, 10 specimens were collected, proving that this species has a distribution all along the Yucatán state coast

Quahogs in Eastern North America: Part II, History by Province and State

The northern quahog, Mercenaria mercenaria, ranges along the Atlantic Coast of North America from the Canadian Maritimes to Florida, while the southern quahog, M. campechiensis, ranges mostly from Florida to southern Mexico. The northern quahog was fished by native North Americans during prehistoric periods. They used the meats as food and the shells as scrapers and as utensils. The European colonists copied the Indians treading method, and they also used short rakes for harvesting quahogs. The Indians of southern New England and Long Island, N.Y., made wampum from quahog shells, used it for ornaments and sold it to the colonists, who, in turn, traded it to other Indians for furs. During the late 1600’s, 1700’s, and 1800’s, wampum was made in small factories for eventual trading with Indians farther west for furs. The quahoging industry has provided people in many coastal communities with a means of earning a livelihood and has given consumers a tasty, wholesome food whether eaten raw, steamed, cooked in chowders, or as stuffed quahogs. More than a dozen methods and types of gear have been used in the last two centuries for harvesting quahogs. They include treading and using various types of rakes and dredges, both of which have undergone continuous improvements in design. Modern dredges are equipped with hydraulic jets and one type has an escalator to bring the quahogs continuously to the boats. In the early 1900’s, most provinces and states established regulations to conserve and maximize yields of their quahog stocks. They include a minimum size, now almost universally a 38-mm shell width, and can include gear limitations and daily quotas. The United States produces far more quahogs than either Canada or Mexico. The leading producer in Canada is Prince Edward Island. In the United States, New York, New Jersey, and Rhode Island lead in quahog production in the north, while Virginia and North Carolina lead in the south. Connecticut and Florida were large producers in the 1990’s. The State of Tabasco leads in Mexican production. In the northeastern United States, the bays with large openings, and thus large exchanges of bay waters with ocean waters, have much larger stocks of quahogs and fisheries than bays with small openings and water exchanges. Quahog stocks in certified beds have been enhanced by transplanting stocks to them from stocks in uncertified waters and by planting seed grown in hatcheries, which grew in number from Massachusetts to Florida in the 1980’s and 1990’s

Understanding the impact of decentralization on the quality of primary health care in Pallisa District in Uganda : a study of users' and providers' experiences and perspectives

This is a study of the experiences and perspectives of the users and providers of primary health care. The study analyses the users and the providers' experiences and perspectives with regards to the decentralization policy and its impact on the quality of primary health care delivery in the rural district of Pallisa in Uganda since its implementation in 1990s-2005. This is mainly a qualitative study in which both users and providers were interviewed although quantitative data was applied to add meaning where necessary. The study has shown that decentralization in Uganda is a new form and means of service delivery. The planners aim at getting every segment of the population to participate in all aspects of service delivery. There is evidence to show that the policy has had a positive impact on the structure of the health sector as a whole. However, the systematic processes of cost containment measures has resulted in the general economic hardship in the operationalization of the decentralization policy in Uganda and has resulted in varied experiences and the way decentralization is viewed in Pallisa. The study noted that hardships have resulted from increasing responsibilities given to lower level of government amidst declining state support in terms of funding and manpower development. The study notes that the apparent changes brought by the overall restructuring of health services have resulted in the 'commercialization of social relations which has changed the way people live and view public goods which also contributes to hardships in service utilization. This study shows that although health service delivery and its quality in rural Pallisa is an old problem, there are feelings among the users and providers that these problems have worsened in the recent past transforming health care consumers and providers into a new category of social actors who have taken different approaches to survive a midst poverty, exclusion and the declining state support system. Although this study does not recommend a return to a centralization system of service delivery in the health sector, it does however, find implementation problems which will have to be addressed if the intended benefits are to be realized.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGeorge Bell InstituteCadbury TrustGBUnited Kingdo