Keanekaragaman Ikan di Sungai Luk Ulo Kabupaten Kebumen

Freshwater fish is one of the biodiversity that build river ecosystem structure. Many human activities are carried out in the river as well as in the surrounding areas, such as removal of household waste, excessive fish exploitation and land use activities. This might changes river characteristics and lead to population and biodiversity decline.This research aim to 1) analyzethe diversity and species composition of fishin Luk Ulo River of Kebumen Regency,and 2) analyze the interaction among environmental factors with fish abundance in Luk Ulo River of Kebumen Regency. This research used survey method with cluster random sampling. The river was divided into three different region; upper-stream, middle-stream, and down-stream. Fish collected from 9 stations, i.e. 3 stations in the upper-stream, 3 stations in the middle-stream, and 3 stations in the down-stream. Morphology data were analyzed descriptively in order to make species description. The influences of environmental factor to species abundance were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA).The results showed that the number of fish obtained in this study were 72 individuals classified into 7 families and 13 species. The diversity and abundance of fish are influenced by physical and chemical factors ie temperature, TSS, pH, BOD5, COD, turbidity, DO, conductivity, salinity, current and substrate. BOD5 concentration was correlated positively with fish abundance with a correlation value of 0.540. In contrast, the effect of temperature and pH has a negative correlation to fish abundance with correlation values of -0.731 and -0.024. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and conductivity no effect on fish abundance

Keanekaragaman Ikan di Sungai Luk Ulo Kabupaten Kebumen

Freshwater fish is one of the biodiversity that build river ecosystem structure. Many human activities are carried out in the river as well as in the surrounding areas, such as removal of household waste, excessive fish exploitation and land use activities. This might changes river characteristics and lead to population and biodiversity decline.This research aim to 1) analyzethe diversity and species composition of fishin Luk Ulo River of Kebumen Regency,and 2) analyze the interaction among environmental factors with fish abundance in Luk Ulo River of Kebumen Regency. This research used survey method with cluster random sampling. The river was divided into three different region; upper-stream, middle-stream, and down-stream. Fish collected from 9 stations, i.e. 3 stations in the upper-stream, 3 stations in the middle-stream, and 3 stations in the down-stream. Morphology data were analyzed descriptively in order to make species description. The influences of environmental factor to species abundance were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA).The results showed that the number of fish obtained in this study were 72 individuals classified into 7 families and 13 species. The diversity and abundance of fish are influenced by physical and chemical factors ie temperature, TSS, pH, BOD5, COD, turbidity, DO, conductivity, salinity, current and substrate. BOD5 concentration was correlated positively with fish abundance with a correlation value of 0.540. In contrast, the effect of temperature and pH has a negative correlation to fish abundance with correlation values of -0.731 and -0.024. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and conductivity no effect on fish abundance

KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN MIKROARTHROPODA PADA MIKROHABITAT KELAPA SAWIT

Acari dan Collembola merupakan mikroarthropoda yang hidup di tanah dan lapisan serasah. Dalam ekosistem mikroarthropoda berperan aktif dalam proses dekomposisi yaitu dalam fragmentasi bahan organik sehingga dapat mempercepat penghancuran bahan organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mikroarthropoda pada berbagai mikrohabitat kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu pengambilan sampel, ekstraksi dan identifikasi fauna tanah. Plot pengambilan sampel diambil dengan jarak 50 x 50 m yang terdiri dari 5 titik, setiap titik terdiri dari 11 mikrohabitat. Sampel diambil pada beberapa mikrohabitat kelapa sawit yaitu tanah dengan jarak 0 m; 1 m; 3m dari tanaman kelapa sawit, gawangan kompos, pelepah pada ketinggian 30 cm; 90 cm; 150 cm, epifit pada ketinggian 30 cm; 90 cm; 150 cm dan tonggak. Sampel diambil pada bulan Januari 2014. Ekstraksi mikroarthropoda menggunakan Kempson Extractor, sedangkan identifikasi dilakukan sampai tingkat subordo untuk Acari dan famili untuk Collembola. Kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mikroarthropoda dihitung menggunakan rumus kelimpahan menurut Meyer dan indeks keanekaragaman Shanonn (Shannon’s diversity index). Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mikroarthropoda di berbagai mikrohabitat digunakan analisis sidik ragam satu arah (one-way ANOVA) dan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroarthropoda tertinggi ditemukan pada pelepah dan epifit. Kelimpahan Acari tertinggi ditemukan pada mikrohabitat epifit dengan ketinggian 30 cm yaitu 4,408 individu m-2, sedangkan kelimpahan Collembola tertinggi ditemukan pada mikrohabitat pelepah dengan ketinggian 150 cm yaitu 6,173 individu m-2. Kondisi mikroklimat pada mikrohabitat pelepah dan epifit lebih sesuai untuk kehidupan mikroarthropoda dibandingkan dengan mikrohabitat yang diteliti. Keanekaragaman mikroarthropoda pada mikrohabitat kelapa sawit tergolong rendah berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon. Kata kunci: Kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, mikroarthropoda, mikrohabitat, kelapa sawitAcari and Collembola are microarthropods that live in soil and litter layer. In soil ecosystems, microarthropods have a role in organic matter decomposition through their ability to breakdown litter that accelerate the degradation of organic matter. This research aims to study the abundance and diversity of microarthopods at various microhabitats of oil palm. The research consisted of three stages: sampling, extraction and identification of soil fauna. Sampling plot has a dimension of 50 x 50 m which was consisted of 5 points, each point consist of 11 microhabitats. Samples were taken at several microhabitat of oil palm namely soil with distance 0 m; 1m; 3 m from oil palm stand, compost accumulations between the oil palm trees, litter accumulation on the branch at height 30 cm; 90 cm; 150 cm, epiphytes at height 30 cm; 90 cm; 150 cm and branch stub. Samples were taken in January 2014. Extraction of microarthropods was conducted using Kempson Extractor, while identification of microarthropods was done to the subordo level for Acari and the famili level for Collembola. The abundance and diversity of microarthropods were calculated using the formula abundance according to Meyer and Shannon's diversity index. To know differences of abundance and diversity of microarthropods at various microhabitats were used one way ANOVA and Duncan analysis. The results showed that the higest abundance of Acari found at litter accumulation on the branch and epiphyte. The higest abundance of Acari found at microhabitat of epiphyte with height 30 cm was 4,408 m-2, while the higest abundance of Collembola found at microhabitat of epiphyte with height 30 cm was 6,173 m-2. The diversity of microarthropods at microhabitats of oil palm is based on index Shannon’s diversity. Keywords: Abundance, diversity, microarthropods, microhabitat, oil pal