New schemes for simplifying binary constraint satisfaction problems

Finding a solution to a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is known to be an NP-hard task. This has motivatedthe multitude of works that have been devoted to developing techniques that simplify CSP instances before or duringtheir resolution.The present work proposes rigidly enforced schemes for simplifying binary CSPs that allow the narrowing of valuedomains, either via value merging or via value suppression. The proposed schemes can be viewed as parametrizedgeneralizations of two widely studied CSP simplification techniques, namely, value merging and neighbourhoodsubstitutability. Besides, we show that both schemes may be strengthened in order to allow variable elimination,which may result in more significant simplifications. This work contributes also to the theory of tractable CSPs byidentifying a new tractable class of binary CSP

Factors Affecting Consumers' Attitudes Towards SMS Advertising

This paper aims to investigate the factors that have positive effects on the attitudes of the Palestinian consumers towards SMS advertising. The questionnaire was distributed randomly to 475 students of Islamic University of Gaza (IUG). The results show that Entertainment, relevancy, non-irritation and credibility have significant positive effects on consumers' attitudes towards SMS adverts. Yet, credibility is the strongest factor. However, informativeness doesn’t have a significant effect on the consumers’ attitudes towards SMS advertising. Furthermore, gender affects the consumers’ attitude towards SMS advertising. In fact, Male students are more affected by the SMS adverts. The results can help marketers to effectively design the SMS advertising campaigns. Associations can use the results to develop the interactions with the society and the targeted groups. Keywords: Mobile marketing, SMS advertising, consumers’ attitude, Palestin

Clinical Features And Outcomes Of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy In South Texas Hispanics

Background Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TSC) can be preceded by emotional, physical, or no identifiable trigger. Despite being a transient condition, it is associated with a substantial risk for in-hospital adverse events. The clinical features and the short-term outcomes of TSC in South Texas Hispanics (STH) are unknown. Methods We identified patients with the diagnosis of TSC at an academic institution from 2005-2017. Patients who did not have coronary angiography were excluded. Demographics, presenting symptoms, triggers, left ventricular characteristics and outcomes were expressed as percentages. Continuous variables were expressed as means. Results Of 41 patients with TSC, the diagnosis was confirmed in 38, of which 27 (71.1%) were Hispanics. In this group, the mean (±SD) age was 69±11.5 years; 92.6% were women. Comorbidities included: hypertension (70%), obesity (47%), and diabetes (30%). The most common presenting symptoms were chest pain (66.7%) and dyspnea (48.2%). Physical, emotional, and no specific triggers were identified in 37.4%, 33.3%, and 29.6% of the patients, respectively. Apical and mid-ventricular TSC were identified in 95% and 5% of the patients, respectively. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 35.9±10.3%. Cardiogenic shock and respiratory failure occurred in 37% and 25.9% of the patients, respectively. There were no in-hospital deaths in the entire cohort. Conclusion The clinical features and short-term outcomes of TSC in STH are similar to those found in recently published data. Emotional triggers are not as common as initially thought. The rate of severe in-hospital complications occurred in at least one-third of the patients, but there were no deaths

GERAKAN KOMUNITAS KEAGAMAAN ONLINE (Melacak Historis Dan Transformasi Dakwah Islam Di Indonesia)

This article generally examines online religious communities, more specifically this article reviews religious communities in Indonesia with the object of study by the United Muslim community. Muslim United is one of the online religious communities in Indonesia, this community has various kinds of programs including conducting da'wah activities through social media and also a massive alms program at dawn which is carried out with the aim of providing assistance in the form of fruits to class communities. lewd. This article explains specifically about the united Muslim community that exists on social media. The method used in this article is netnography, a method that collects data through the Muslim United Instagram account and also searches for other data from the YouTube, Twitter accounts that are specific about activities in the Muslim United community. The results of this study indicate that the Muslim community is united in opening up hijrah spaces for young people, and carrying out religious social movements for the community without any politics

Sur une classe polynomiale relationnelle pour les CSP binaires

International audienceTrouver une solution à un probl ème de satisfaction de contraintes est en g én éral un probl ème NP-diffi cile. Ainsi, identifier une nouvelle classe polynomiale de CSP, en d'autres termes, une classe de probl èmes de satisfaction de contraintes pour lesquelles il existe une m éthode de réconnaissance et de r ésolution de complexit é polynomiale, constitue un axe de recherche fondamental dans l' étude des CSPs. Dans cet article, nous pr ésentons une nouvelle classe polynomiale relationnelle pour les CSPs binaires. Tout d'abord nous pr ésentons un nouvel op érateur ternaire que nous avons appel é mjx. Nous d écrivons ensuite les relations ferm ées par cet op érateur en proposant un algorithme d'identification de ces relations. Afin de r éduire la complexit é spatiale et temporelle des traitements, nous d éfinissons une nouvelle m éthode de stockage de ces relations qui permet de r éduire la complexit é de chemin consistance, ce dernier niveau de consistance étant suffi sant pour r ésoudre les instances de la classe propos ée

The Role of Marketing Intelligence in Achieving Competitive Advantage Case Study: Internet Service Provider Companies in The Gaza Strip

The study examines the role of Marketing Intelligence in achieving competitive advantage in internet service provider companies in the Gaza strip. The study population consists of all marketing employees of internet service provider companies in the Gaza strip. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method and utilized both primary and secondary sources for data collection. The researcher retrieved 69 of the 80 distributed questionnaires, forming a recovery percentage of 86.25%. The results of the study show a statistically significant relationship between marketing intelligence with its four components (competitor intelligence, product intelligence, market intelligence, customer intelligence) and achieve competitive advantage. And also the study results showed that there is no statistically significant differences among respondents answers regarding the marketing intelligence, and regarding the competitive advantage in the internet service provider companies in the Gaza strip due to (genderscientific qualification-experience year-job title-income level). The researcher recommends that the internet service provider companies in the Gaza strip should attracting the information from and about the customers, market, services, and competitors in order to achieving the competitive advantage. Moreover, the internet service provider companies in the Gaza strip should benefit from the marketing information in order to, firstly: win the customers through knowing their nature, patterns, attitudes, needs, and the extent of loyalty; secondly: gain the market by determining the opportunities and threats, market size, market trends, technological trends

Focal Fibrous Hyperplasia : Two Case Reports

Introduction: Focal fibrous hyperplasia is a lesion of reactive nature afflicting the gingival mucosa in most of cases, with idiopathic etiology.Presentation of the case: This paper reports two cases of focal fibrous hyperplasia in both maxillary and mandibular locations.Conclusion: Focal fibrous hyperplasia is a slowly progressing lesion, the growth of which is generally limited. Many cases will progress for long periods before patients seek treatment because of the lack of symptoms associated with the lesion.

Inflow/infiltration strategic management project

The impact of inflow and infiltration on hydraulic capacity of sewerage systems has long been known. Numerous attempts are made by sewer system operators to reduce the total flow contributed to the wastewater stream to be that of only domestic wastewater. This process of reduction can be a costly and non-beneficial exercise if not implemented correctly. The development and implementation of well-planned short and long term abatement programs will ensure an efficient and effective service for the community. To develop a strategic management plan it is important to understand the historical design parameters that were used for the system development. In recent years sewer design codes have been developed to provide best practice methods that rely on the use of hydraulic models to simulate the actual system characteristics. These models attempt to replicate the actual system performance with local climatic characteristics. The majority of sewer systems are designed to convey effluent via gravity flow. As a result of rainfall and groundwater, additional flows enter the system via pipe joints, cracks and illegal stormwater connections. This additional flow in known as Inflow/Infiltration (I/I) and during periods of heavy rainfall excessive I/I can occur. This results in failure of the sewerage network and effluent escaping to the surrounding environment. The design codes have traditionally incorporated defined values for I/I, these values are empirically included into the design to ensure that the system has adequate capacity to prevent overflows from occurring. The I/I values are not customised to the local climatic conditions and this may be the cause of high I/I during heavy rainfall causing failure of the sewer system. Various case studies have been undertaken in recent years in the development of the models to customise the Inflow/Infiltration (I/I) values. These values are adopted for the design and operation to suit local climatic conditions. Case studies also provide knowledge of the lessons learnt from abatement strategies and the most effective means to identify and reduce high I/I in catchments. The project uses a known problematic catchment within the Shoalhaven Water network and establishes baseline data of average flow during dry and wet periods. This data is used with rainfall events to determine the peak weather flows associated with actual rain events. A methodology is developed from best practice guidelines to undertake a field analysis of the problematic catchment. This enabled a trail investigation to be conducted during a wet weather event. The field results are analysed and the methodology is reviewed to determine the success of the detection of I/I flows as being a result of infiltration or inflow. Rectification measures will be developed to provide the largest reduction of I/I that is cost effective and obtainable. This also includes improvements that can be made to the design guidelines, gathering/processing of data, field investigations and rectification measures

Malignant Transformation of Erosive Oral Mucosal Lichen Planus To Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

Introduction: Oral Mucosal Lichen Planus (OMLP) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, usually benign that affects all areas of the oral mucosa. Its diagnosis is based on the clinical examination and histological analysis. The erosive form presents a risk of malignant transformation from 0.3% to 3%, justifying the strict surveillance of the disease and effective treatment of relapses.Case report: This is a 65 years old woman, without specific and non smoking history, reported to the Oral Surgery Department of the Consultation Center of Dental Treatment of Rabat, presenting oral lesions lasting for four years. The intraoral examination revealed the presence of white lesions in the form of plates sitting on the entire right side edge of the tongue. A biopsy was performed and concluded an erosive oral lichen planus which has been transformed to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Discussion: Malignant transformation of the OMLP is rare and remains a subject of controversy despite numerous studies that have been devoted. It occurs most often on the atrophic and erosive forms. Several assumptions have been suggested to explain this malignant transformation, but the chronic inflammation seems to be the key factor. Tobacco and alcohol are well known carcinogenic factors, may contribute to the malignant transformation of the OMLP, but it turns out that this disease affects mostly women who have no-smoking Ethylo intoxication. So there must be other factors