Glacial thermohaline circulation states of the northern Atlantic: The compatibility of modelling and observations

We present 3He data froma repeat section across Drake Passage, fromthree sections off the South American continent in the Pacific, at 28?S, 35?S, and 43?S, and fromthree sections in the Atlantic, eastward of the Malvinas, close to 35?W, and near the Greenwich Meridian. In Drake Passage, a distinct high-3He signal is observed that is centered just above the boundary of the Lower and the Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (LCDW, UCDW), and is concentrated towards the northern continental slope. 3He concentrations in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) upstream of Drake Passage (World Ocean Circulation Experiment section P19 at 88?W) are markedly lower than those found in Drake Passage, and a regional source of primordial helium in the path of the ACC that might cause the high-3He feature can be ruled out. We explain the feature by addition of high-3He waters present at the 43?S Pacific section. This supports a previous, similar interpretation of a low-salinity anomaly in Drake Passage (Naveira Garabato et al., Deep- Sea Research I 49 (2002) 681), that is strongly related to the high-3He feature. Employing multiparameter water mass analysis (including 3He as a parameter), we find that deep waters as met at the 43?S Pacific section, flowing south along the South American continental slope, contribute substantially to the ACC waters in Drake Passage (fractions exceed 50% locally). Lesser, but laterally more extended contributions are found east of the Malvinas, and still smaller ones are present at 35?W and at the Greenwich Meridian. Using velocity measurements from one of the two Drake Passage sections, we estimate the volume transport of these waters to be 7.071.2 Sv, but the average transport may be somewhat lower as the other realization had a less pronounced signal. The enhanced 3He signature in Drake Passage is essentially confined north of the Polar Front. Further downstreamthe signature crosses this front, to the extent that at 35?W the contributions south and north of it are of similar magnitude. At the same time, the 3He levels north of the front are reduced due to a substantial admixture of low-3He North Atlantic Deep Water, such that 3He becomes highest south of the front. The flow of Southeast Pacific deep slope waters entering the ACC constitutes the predominant exit pathway of the primordial helium released in the deep Pacific, and represents a considerable fraction of the deep water return flow fromthe Pacific into the ACC. Therefore and also because the density range of the added deep slope waters is intermediate between those of UCDW and LCDW, they must be considered a distinct water mass. r 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The Learn to Play Program in specialist schools

The aim of this research was to conduct a program evaluation of the Learn to Play Program within Specialist Schools in Victoria for children with developmental delay and disability. Results demonstrated an increase in children’s development and learning which guided the recommendations for a sustainable Learn to Play Program for schools

Oh, the Power and the Passion: Managerialism and Collegiality in Australian Geography

Australia-Academics-Managerialism-Collegiality-Geography? Is this the stuff of a debate? Well ... let us just say that Joe Powell is the only one recently to have spent his time and money sending letters to try to find out what people think,. These issues have escaped recent conferences of heads of departments, and the Institute of Australian Geographers. Other Australian geography professors and ex-geographer vice-chancellors are not scurrying into print. As Powell (1993: 6) remarks, "most academics remain outside the discourse or shuffle around its periphery". All quiet on the Antipodean front

Schooling Black Males: Hegemonic Discourses, Structural Barriers, and Strategic Resistance

Black males have scored at the lowest levels of academic achievement compared to other racial groups in many Texas school districts. The achievement gap for this population of students has been explained by both material constraints and oppressive hegemonic discourses. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to understand how such barriers and discourses affected these students and how the students negotiated their experiences in school. This study was designed to describe the problem, its background and to discuss a relevant theoretical framework. This study examined the academic achievement data for Black males and the current literature on adverse effects on Black male students, their schools, communities, and culture. The review of relevant literature included an analysis of the oppressive hegemonic discourses and structural constraints. Interviews were conducted to assess the resiliency and coping methods used by Black males that were successfully navigating the systemic barriers faced in high schools. The study was designed to explore how the students experienced and navigated specific barriers as well as these barriers impacted their families, schools, communities. The study concluded with a discussion results and limitations based on the four interviews with the Black male high school students attending Texas public schools

Social Justice: Nobody Knows

At the beginning of this year in intro to Social Justice, Dr. Wight had us sit in groups and attempt to answer some questions, such as, “what is justice?”, “what types of justice can you name?” and “how best do you correct deviations from justice?” The list of inquiries went on and on. As we sat there in our groups trying to answer these questions, I was just hit with this realization that I have absolutely no clue what justice is or how to answer any of these questions. This epiphany was troubling at first because I felt as if there was no hope for me in this class. But, thankfully, this class has taken me on a journey to get a better understanding of what exactly Social Justice is. This journey was guided by great novels and articles, great discussions, and some self reflection. After taking this journey for a full semester, I believe that social justice is applying justice to unjust situations in all parts of society; however what is unclear to me is what exactly is “justice”

Complicating Homelessness: A Workshop for Students and Volunteers

Homelessness effects 17 out of every 10,000 people in the United States, and approximately 22 out of every 10,000 people in the city of Asheville, NC. Homeward Bound of Western North Carolina (HBWNC) is a nonprofit organization working to prevent and end homelessness in Asheville through low-barrier services and Housing First practices. HBWNC relies on volunteers from the community and higher education institutions for support in running its programs. While most volunteer training focuses on the day-to-day tasks, boundaries, and procedures related to volunteering with HBWNC, this project focuses on the importance of giving volunteers a solid understanding of homelessness as a social justice issue, and how volunteer positionality, experience, and implicit bias may impact their interactions with the clients they serve. This project focuses on training prospective volunteers through a workshop facilitated at two different higher education institutions in the Asheville area. The goal of the workshop was to introduce the concepts of complex personhood, intersectionality, and desire-centered frameworks with the goal of laying the groundwork for critical service-learning experiences that move participants beyond simple volunteerism by encouraging them to think deeply about their work, its value, and how this work holds importance in a social justice context

Failure resistant thermal and environmental barrier coating concepts

Silicon-based ceramic matrix composites are rapidly eroded by the high temperature water vapor that is present in the combustion gases of advanced gas turbine engines. They must therefore be protected from erosion by prime reliant thermal and environmental barrier coatings. These coating systems typically use a silicon bond coat with a high Si-SiC interfacial toughness. This forms a silica thermally grown oxide (TGO) when exposed to oxidizing chemical species. The rate of TGO formation can be greatly reduced by use of a diffusion barrier layer with low oxidizer diffusivity. Ideally, the temperature of this layer (and thus its diffusivity) is reduced by means of a thermal barrier coating (TBC). Concepts for the deposition of these T/EBC systems will be described and their failure modes under simulated engine test conditions discussed. These insights are used to identify improved T/EBC designs that promise to lessen their risk of failure

A Review of Defining Deviance Down and How Trump Could Possibly be Redefining Hate Crime

The purpose of this research paper is to summarize and critique Daniel Moynihan\u27s essay entitled Defining Deviancy Down and then to evaluate whether Donald Trump has helped normalize, increase, or change hate crime in America. This will be achieved by examining the Southern Poverty Law Center’s report on hate crime data since the 2016 election. The hope is to find a connection between Moynihan\u27s normalization redefinition and how Trump’s nomination has affected Americans, specifically in the context of hate crime

Some aspects of Holocene prehistory in central South West Africa : with special reference to Big Elephant Shelter, Erongo Mountains

Bibliography: pages 145-150

Coralyn V. Davis, producer, Carlos Gomez, director, and M.S. Suman, writer, Sama in the Forest

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