「国民的人格としての生ける過去」 : 『神皇正統記』と昭和初期ナショナリズムとドイツ第三帝国

In the 1930s, contemporary relevance was attributed to Kitabatake Chikafusa\u27s Jinnō Shōtōki (1339) as a "standard work of national education" and an expression of "folk-national weltanschauung" for encapsulating the concept of kokutai, Japan\u27s national essence. It was praised too for claiming that Japan is a shinkoku or "divine country" wherein the sun goddess bequeaths her line of rule to all eternity ; a concept of perpetual divine presence that has been described as the epitome of Shinto itself. In order to make the "Shinto" concepts of kokutai and shinkoku accessible to the uninitiated reader in Germany, Hermann Bohner, the first translator of Jinnō shōtōki into a Western language, in 1935 deployed Arthur Moeller van den Bruck\u27s ideas, the socio-political milieu in Germany at the time, and Bohner\u27s political and theological stance reveals Jinnō shōtōki\u27s contemporary significance as being imbued with an almost metaphysical essentialism of the nation\u27s character. This article traces a shift in Jinnō shōtōki\u27s evaluation from the early Meiji period, examines the role Shinto actually plays in Kitabatake\u27s work, and elucidates, via Bohner\u27s comparative approach, its importance for early Shōwa period nationalism

Numerical Design Study on the Optimal p-Emitter Thickness of 4H-SiC Bipolar Diodes

Abstract Numerical device simulations show that slight extensions of the p-emitter thickness in 4H-SiC high voltage blocking bipolar pin diodes lead to a significant lowering of the forward voltage drop under high injection conditions at room temperature. The advantage of higher recombination currents in the enlarged p-region resulting from an enhanced excess carrier density overbalances the higher series resistance of the highdoped p-region. Both effects have their origin in the incomplete ionization of the acceptor dopants in the p-emitter. Hence, they become less significant at higher temperatures. A temperature dependent optimal p-emitter thickness is identified

Macromodel-based simulation and measurement of the dynamic pull-in of viscously damped RF-MEMS switches

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Determinants of RNA metabolism in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe genome

To decrypt the regulatory code of the genome, sequence elements must be defined that determine the kinetics of RNA metabolism and thus gene expression. Here, we attempt such decryption in an eukaryotic model organism, the fission yeast S. pombe. We first derive an improved genome annotation that redefines borders of 36% of expressed mRNAs and adds 487 non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). We then combine RNA labeling invivo with mathematical modeling to obtain rates of RNA synthesis and degradation for 5,484 expressed RNAs and splicing rates for4,958 introns. We identify functional sequence elements inDNA and RNA that control RNA metabolic rates and quantifythecontributions of individual nucleotides to RNA synthesis,splicing, and degradation. Our approach reveals distinct kineticsof mRNA and ncRNA metabolism, separates antisense regulation by transcription interference from RNA interference, and provides a general tool for studying the regulatory code of genomes