20 research outputs found
Survivin expression in ovarian cancer
Aim: To examine the expression of survivin in benign ovarian tumors, ovarian carcinomas of different stages. Methods: We screened the expression of survivin mRNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 114 ovarian tissue samples. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to estimate survivin mRNA levels in the samples with positive survivin expression. Results: No survivin mRNA was expressed in all normal ovarian specimens, while it appeared in 73% of ovarian carcinomas, 47% of borderline ovarian carcinomas and 19% of benign ovarian tumors. The survivin mRNA expression rate was positively associated with clinical stage (P = 0.026) and differentiation grade (P = 0.049). There was notably statistically significant difference in the survivin mRNA expression rate dependent on different histological types (serous, mucinous, endometrioid, P = 0.008), but not β dependent on lymph node metastasis (P = 0.921) and ascites (P = 0.87). In tissues with positive expression of survivin, we also found that mean survivin mRNA expression levels were higher in ovarian carcinomas than that in benign ovarian tumors and borderline ovarian carcinoma tissues (P < 0.001). Among ovarian carcinomas, the high survivin mRNA expression levels correlated with the clinical stages, differentiation grade, lymph node metastasis, but not β with ascites and histological type. Conclusion: Our study suggest that survivin is associated with progression of ovarian carcinoma.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ RT-PCR Π² 114 ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π°Ρ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ PCR Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°
Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² 73% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, 47% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΈ 19% ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (P = 0,026), ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ
(P = 0,049). ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎΡ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, P = 0,008) ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ² Π² Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·Π»Π°Ρ
(P = 0.921) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° (P = 0.87). Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° (P < 0,001).
ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Ρ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level
Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 84.7%) were from low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 62.8%), followed by strabismus (n = 429 10.2%) and proptosis (n = 309 7.4%). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 95% CI, 12.94-24.80, and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 95% CI, 4.30-7.68). Conclusions and Relevance: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs. ΓΒ© 2020 American Medical Association. All rights reserved