O estudo da administração

Este ensaio, publicado originariamente em 1887 e reproduzido em 1941 na revista norte-americana Political Science Quarterly, de onde, data vênia, o transcrevemos, não tem, como se verá, um mero valor histórico: a sua atualidade e significação permanecem imediatas, como quando apareceu pela primeira vez, marcando a distinção teórica e prática entre Administração e Política. Não fosse pelo nome de seu autor e pelas referências agora injustas e inexatas ao sistema administrativo dos Estados Unidos, poder-se-ia fácil e razoavelmente considerá-lo como de hoje, tão vivas e contundentes são as lições que encerra. Nele, Wilson, mais conhecido entre nós como Presidente e pacifista do que como notável professor de Ciência Política, que o foi anteriormente, durante muitos anos, sintetiza a evolução histórica e doutrinária da Ciência de Administração, suas condições e métodos, para demonstrar, em conclusão, a necessidade de seu estudo e prática. A sua ideia fundamental, a tônica dominante, em consonância, aliás, com o nosso editorial de abril, é a da importância da opinião pública na conduta da Administração, os justos limites de sua ação e os benéficos resultados de sua influência.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 56, n. 3, p. 349-366Administração PúblicaISSN Impresso: 0034-9240ISSN Eletrônico: 2357-8017RSP Revisitada: Texto publicado na RSP de Maio de 1946 (Ano 9, v. 2, n. 2

White House Letter to Mary Doggett

A dinner invitation to Mary Doggett from President Woodrow Wilson and his wife.https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/baptist-historical-collections-first-baptist-church-building-history-and-historical-documents/1010/thumbnail.jp

Ab Initio Calculations on the H_(2)+D_(2)=2HD Four‐Center Exchange Reaction. I. Elements of the Reaction Surface

We present the results of ab initio calculations on some interesting regions of the reaction surface for the four‐center exchange reaction H_(2)+D_(2)=2HD. These calculations, which use a minimum basis set of Slater orbitals, indicate that for all geometries appropriate to the transition state of the reaction, a barrier height of at least 148 kcal/mole is present. This is far greater than the energy required to produce free radicals and more than three times the experimental energy of activation, 42 kcal/mole. Considering the sources and magnitudes for errors due to correlation and basis set restrictions, we estimate the barrier height for this exchange reaction to be 132 ± 20 kcal/mole exclusive of zero‐point energies. In this paper we discuss the surface as determined by configuration interaction techniques. We find that the most favorable geometries for the exchange reactions are the square, rhombus, and kite configurations. However, all of these states are unstable with respect to H_(2) + 2H. In addition we find no evidence of collision complexes for any of the likely transition state geometries. In the following paper we will examine the G1 wavefunctions for this system in order to obtain an understanding of the factors responsible for the shape of the surface

Simulating the Effect of Social Influence on Collective Decision-making: The Case of Educator Reporting of Child Abuse

The dissertation is directed toward a simulation study of social influence in small, task-oriented, groups composed of education professionals of differing status who hold differing beliefs about what constitutes the reportable physical abuse of elementary students by parents. It is asserted on philosophical grounds that simulation allows the development and refinement of computational, process-based, models that reflect the stratified nature of social and educational reality. More practically, simulation makes it possible to trace socio-cultural processes over time rather than simply settle for an input-output analysis. The possibility of more adequate explanation, and transformation, of social and educational systems makes simulation relatively superior to other research methods.Persons are modeled as computational objects that participate in social relations. The simulation is based on the social-psychological theory of expectation states and is expressly framed to allow comparison of: (1) a static model and process model of social influence and (2) the social theories of Giddens and Archer regarding the timing of social tie formation. National data are used to formulate models of professional belief concerning N = 111 cases of reported physical abuse. The chief findings are: (1) as applied to the group task of child abuse reporting, the collective decision outcomes obtained from the two models of social influence disagree by a number greater than that expected by chance alone, and (2) as modeled, there is essentially no difference in the simulated collective decision outcomes generated under each theory concerning the timing of social tie formation.Several refinements are needed. First, it is important to construct a more adequate characterization of the relevant beliefs of education professionals, best done via the construction of an ethnographic decision model for each professional type. Second, given the importance of social influence, the simulation should be extended to incorporate socio-linguistic, especially argumentative, behavior. Third, it is important to extend the model to take into account the constraining power of belief with respect to social action. These extensions would add believability to the model and its outputs, thus enhancing its power to inform social and educational theory and practice

Evaluating hydraulic conductivity of desert soils at the Amargosa Desert research site near Beatty, Nevada

This study tested predictive equations of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Quarterly measurements of water-content measured over 12 years were collected from six sites at the Amargosa Desert Research Site (ADRS) located within northern Amargosa Desert, Nevada. ADRS Soils consist of unconsolidated to weakly indurated deposits of early Pliocene and Quaternary age alluvial-fans; fluvial and freshwater deposits; Descriptive statistics and soil properties provide input for method evaluation. Methods include those by Green and Corey (1971), and van Genuchten (1980). Resulting graphical comparisons, for both methods, suggests a good and poor correlation in trench and native devegetated sites, respectively. Conductivity values differing by 10-9 and 103 to 10 9 were consistently noted in trench-fill and native non-vegetation sites, respectively. Previously published conductivity values are similar to values obtained from the trench-fill sites. At sites in native devegetated soils, lack of consistency between methods is evident; however, values obtained do fall within previous study limits

The Hydrolysis of Ethyl Orthosilicate and Preparation of Silicic Acid Gels from It

Ethyl orthosilicate, (C2H5O)4Si, the ester of orthosilicic acid and ethyl alcohol, is a colorless liquid boiling at 165° C. It can be hydrolyzed to produce what is known as a hydrated silica sol or a sol of condensed silicic acid and ethyl alcohol; and under suitable conditions the hydrated silica sol or condensed silicic acid sol can be made to form a gel. It was decided to study the rates of the hy­drolysis and gel formation. We have thus two reactions to be studied: 1. Eteyl orthosilicate + water ► silicic acid or condensed silicic acid + ethyl alcohol. 2. ilicic acid ► condensed silicic acid ► gel

Farm and home: interests in and sources important to farmers and homemakers in the Knoxville area

The universe” being the farm operators, owners, and homemakers in the Knoxville Area, the objectives of this study are as follow: 1. To ascertain the subjects of Interest and the order of their importance to farmers and homemakers. 2. To Identify the broad sources of information utilized by farmers and homemakers and the importance attached to such sources. 3. To describe characteristics of farmers and homemakers within the survey area. 4. To determine the different degrees of interest in specified topics according to the size of farm operated, tenure status, and whether the operation is full time or part time. 5. To relate the importance of specified sources of information in connection with specified enterprises