Разработка процесса сварки алюминиевых сплавов дугой переменного тока в динамическом режиме

Объектом исследования является: процесс сварки дугой, горящей на переменном токе в динамическом режиме. Цель работы – разработка процесса сварки дугой, горящей на переменном токе в динамическом режиме. Проводился анализ специфики сварки сплавов на основе алюминия. По результатам анализа были выделены ряд проблем процесса сварки. Был разработан процесс сварки дугой, горящей на переменном токе в динамическом режиме. А так же была разработана установка с импульсным источником питания для данного процесса сварки.The object of the research is the process of welding with arc burning on the alternative current in the dynamic mode. The aim of the research is the process elaboration of welding with arc burning on the alternative current in the dynamic mode. The analysis of specificity of welding of alloys based on aluminum is conducted. Based on the results of this analysis a number of problems of the welding process are discovered. The process elaboration of welding with arc burning on the alternative current in the dynamic mode is developed. Also the plant with switched mode power supply for the welding process is designed

Multiple chemical sensitivity, MCS

Hornberg C, Wiesmuller GA. Multiple chemical sensitivity, MCS. ALLERGOLOGIE. 2002;25(11):577-584.Immunological alterations are discussed as potential pathomechanisms for multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) based on the systemic nature of the symptoms, known complex interactions between the immune system and other organ systems, as well as empirical evidence. However, there are theoretical reservations on immunologic mechanisms in MCS and methodological constraints on human trials. Aim of this paper is a critical presentation of immunological concepts of MCS and resulting future research. Clinical manifestations of allergy, pseudoallergy and MCS are discussed as similar, closely related disorders where environmental exposure causes inflammation. In the case of allergy, foreign proteins bind to IgE on mast cells, which release inflammatory mediators. In pseudoallergy, initiating substances directly induce liberation of inflammatory mediators without involvement of antibodies. For MCS, low molecular weight chemicals may bind to chemoreceptors on sensory nerve fibers to release inflammatory mediators. Some proponents of these theories hold that this variable pattern can be attributed to various factors, including "total body burden", "adaptation" and "biochemical individuality". Both "allergic and chemical irritant responses" may be subjected to conditioning, so that the response may be triggered by other stimuli. However, the lack of consistency in response patterns both between and within individual MCS patients limits the plausibility of this hypothesis. Therefore, no consistent pattern of immune dysfunction can be identified in MCS patients. It is recommended that clinical evaluation never be based on results of isolated in vitro assessment of quantity and function of immune system cellular components without considering all variables which apply to all different assays and without knowing the patient's complete history and physical examination

Environmentally related health problems in children

Wiesmuller GA, Herfs M, Dott W, Ranft U, Neuhann HF, Hornberg C. Environmentally related health problems in children. Das Gesundheitswesen. 2003;65(8-9):A47-A48

Gender-specific observations of environmentally related health problems

Krings D, Wiesmuller GA, Niggemann H, et al. Gender-specific observations of environmentally related health problems. GESUNDHEITSWESEN. 2003;65(8-9):A47

Environmentally related health problems in adults

Hornberg C, Wiesmuller GA, Siao GS, et al. Environmentally related health problems in adults. Das Gesundheitswesen. 2003;65(8-9):A47

Pooled biological specimens for human biomonitoring of environmental chemicals: Opportunities and limitations

Biomonitoring has become the ‘gold standard’ in assessing chemical exposures, and plays an important role in risk assessment. The pooling of biological specimens – combining multiple individual specimens into a single sample – can be used in biomonitoring studies to monitor levels of exposure and identify exposure trends, or to identify susceptible populations in a cost-effective manner. Pooled samples provide an estimate of central tendency, and may also reveal information about variation within the population. The development of a pooling strategy requires careful consideration of the type and number of samples collected, the number of pools required, and the number of specimens to combine per pool in order to maximize the type and robustness of the data. Creative pooling strategies can be used to explore exposure-outcome associations, and extrapolation from other larger studies can be useful in identifying elevated exposures in specific individuals. The use of pooled specimens is advantageous as it saves significantly on analytical costs, may reduce the time and resources required for recruitment, and in certain circumstances, allows quantification of samples approaching the limit of detection. In addition, use of pooled samples can provide population estimates while avoiding ethical difficulties that may be associated with reporting individual results

Past, present, and future of environmental specimen banks

Environmental specimen banks are an essential part of the infrastructure of environmental sciences. They have various functions: (1) evaluation of governmental environmental policy-making and regulations; (2) a resource for animal health evaluation; (3) research tools to investigate time trends in ecosystems; (4) detection of newly emerging chemicals in the time trends; (5) validations of computer models for environmental phenomena; (6) source identification of contaminants; (7) a tool for food safety; (8) evaluation of genetic selection pressure due to environmental changes. In this review paper, we present a detailed description of the Kyoto University Human Specimen Bank (history, protocol and questionnaires) and provide brief outlines of other representative environmental specimen banks. We then review two illustrative cases in which environmental specimen banks have unveiled insidious contaminations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and perfluorooctanoic acids. Finally, we give a perspective of new functions for environmental specimen banks in the next 20 years