Search for Tensor, Vector, and Scalar Polarizations in the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background

The detection of gravitational waves with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo has enabled novel tests of general relativity, including direct study of the polarization of gravitational waves. While general relativity allows for only two tensor gravitational-wave polarizations, general metric theories can additionally predict two vector and two scalar polarizations. The polarization of gravitational waves is encoded in the spectral shape of the stochastic gravitational-wave background, formed by the superposition of cosmological and individually unresolved astrophysical sources. Using data recorded by Advanced LIGO during its first observing run, we search for a stochastic background of generically polarized gravitational waves. We find no evidence for a background of any polarization, and place the first direct bounds on the contributions of vector and scalar polarizations to the stochastic background. Under log-uniform priors for the energy in each polarization, we limit the energy densities of tensor, vector, and scalar modes at 95% credibility to Ω0T<5.58×10-8, Ω0V<6.35×10-8, and Ω0S<1.08×10-7 at a reference frequency f0=25 Hz. © 2018 American Physical Society

FIRST SEARCHES FOR OPTICAL COUNTERPARTS TO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE CANDIDATE EVENTS

During the LIGO and Virgo joint science runs in 2009-2010, gravitational wave (GW) data from three interferometer detectors were analyzed within minutes to select GW candidate events and infer their apparent sky positions. Target coordinates were transmitted to several telescopes for follow-up observations aimed at the detection of an associated optical transient. Images were obtained for eight such GW candidates. We present the methods used to analyze the image data as well as the transient search results. No optical transient was identified with a convincing association with any of these candidates, and none of the GW triggers showed strong evidence for being astrophysical in nature. We compare the sensitivities of these observations to several model light curves from possible sources of interest, and discuss prospects for future joint GW-optical observations of this type

Health Promotion And Leadership Networks [promoção Da Saúde E Redes De Lideranças]

The study of social networks has been gaining importance in health promotion because of the horizontality and synergy created by aggregating groups seeking improved living conditions. Some results of the investigation "Capela in Action and the integrated and participative management of public policies", which assessed an administrative model of the Capela do Socorro subprefecture, in southern São Paulo city, are presented. The analysis of the data addressed the relationships between local leaders, their integration into networks and how far these relationships facilitate actions seeking improved living conditions. The universe of leaders and entities was not defined a priori, but empirically from references collected in the field by the snowball technique. Semi-structured interviews identified groups, movements and entities and their relationships with local government. The data identified 247 leadership positions, 342 associations and complexities of the administrative model studied, within the perspective of the construction of social and political networks as instruments of popular participation. Analyses showed that in inter-group relationships, presented as a sociogram, diffuse connections characterized an extensive, sparse network. Changes are underway in civil society, both in organization and social transformation. Some facts pointed here provide local administration with information to create new opportunities for participation and facilitate local leaders' involvement in the implementation of public policies.231209226Biernacky, P., Walford, D., Snowball sampling: Problems and techniques of chaim referral sampling (1981) Sociol Methods Research, (2), pp. 141-163Borgatti, S.P., Everett, M.G., Freeman, L.C., (2002) Ucinet for Windows: Software for Social Network Analysis, , Harvard: Analytic TechnologiesBuss, P.M., Pellegrini Filho, A., A saúde e seus determinantes (2007) PHYSIS: Rev. Saúde Coletiva, 17 (1), pp. 77-93. , Rio de JaneiroCastells, M., (1999) A sociedade em rede, , São Paulo: Paz e TerraCastells, M., O poder da identidade (2006) Era da Informação, Sociedade e Cultura, , In: CASTELLS, M. A, V.2. São Paulo: Paz e TerraCzeresnia, D., O conceito de saúde e a diferença entre prevenção e promoção (2003) Promoção da Saúde: Conceitos, reflexões, tendências, pp. 39-53. , In: CZERESNIA, D.FREITAS, C.M. (Org.), Rio de Janeiro: FiocruzFernandez, J.C.A., Autonomia e promoção da saúde (2012) Educação e promoção da saúde: Teoria e prática, pp. 499-512. , In: PELICIONI M.C.F.MIALHE, F.L. (Ed.)., São Paulo: SantosGohn, M.G., (2005) Protagonismo da sociedade civil: Movimentos sociais, ONG's e redes solidárias, , São Paulo: Cortez, (Coleção Questões da Nossa Época, v.123)Gurza-Lavalle, A.G., Castello, G., Bichir, R.M., Quando novos atores saem de cena-continuidades e mudanças na centralidade dos movimentos sociais (2004) Política & Sociedade, 5 (2), pp. 35-54. , FlorianópolisGurza-Lavalle, A.G., Castello, G., Bichir, R.M., Protagonistas na sociedade civil: Redes e centralidades de organizações civis em São Paulo (2007) Dados, 50 (3), pp. 465-498. , Rio de JaneiroGurza-Lavalle, A.G., Castello, G., Bichir, R.M., Atores periféricos na sociedade civil: Redes, centralidades e organizações civis em São Paulo (2008) Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, 23 (68), pp. 73-96Lopes, C.S., Rodrigues, L.C., Sichieri, R., The lack of selection bias in a snowball sampled case-control study on drug abuse (1996) International Journal of Epidemiology, 25 (6), pp. 1267-1270Marques, E.C., Redes sociais e institucionais na construção do Estado e da sua permeabilidade (1999) Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, 14 (41), pp. 45-67. , São PauloMarteleto, R.M., Ribeiro, B., Guimarães, C., Informação em movimento: Produção e organização do conhecimento nos espaços sociais (2002) Civitas, 2 (1), pp. 69-80. , Porto AlegreConferência Mundial sobre os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde (2012) Diminuindo as diferenças: A prática das políticas sobre os determinantes sociais de saúde, , http://www.who.int/sdhconference/discussion_paper/Discussion_Paper_PT.pdf, ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE, Documento para discussão. Rio de Janeiro, out 2011. Disponível em:. Acesso em: 16 novScherer-Warren, I., (1996) Redes de movimentos sociais, , 2a ed. São Paulo: LoyolaScherer-Warren, I., Redes de movimentos sociais na América Latina (2008) Caderno CRH, 21 (54), pp. 505-517. , set-dezStoz, E.N., Redes sociais e saúde (2009) Informação, saúde e redes sociais: Diálogos de conhecimentos nas comunidades da Maré, pp. 27-42. , In: MARTELETO, R.M. (Org)., Rio de Janeiro: FiocruzWestphal, M.F., (2008) Capela em ação e a gestão integrada e participativa de políticas públicas, p. 205. , Relatório Técnico. São Paulo: FapespWhitaker, F., Rede: Uma estrutura alternativa de organização (2002) Revista Mutações sociais, (3). , Rio de Janeiro, s/

Participatory Democratic Practices In The Construction Of Social Development Agendas In Municipalities In The Southeast Of Brazil

This article present the results of a study which focused on local processes for implementing social agendas-Agenda 21 and Healthy Cities-in the southeast region of Brazil. It looks at the relations between efforts and their effects on social health determinants, especially those which may be understood by considering the relationship between social actors and the system. Six case studies were carried out to analyze the social experience of implementing their respective agendas. Data was collected through Individual and collective interviews, survey documentation and direct observation of experiences. They were analyzed according to previously defined research topics. Results show that values such as participation, collective construction of policies, sustainability and empowerment become part of the ideology and experience of those directly involved. Furthermore, values also positively impact on actions which have been adopted, promoting health and quality of life of citizens living in these localities.162103126Akerman, M., Mendes, R., Bógus, C.M., Westphal, M.F., Bichir, A., Pedroso, M.L., Avaliação em promoção da saúde: foco no município saudável (2002) Revista de Saúde Pública, 36 (5), pp. 638-646Akerman, M., (2005) Saúde e desenvolvimento local: princípios, práticas e cooperação técnica, , São Paulo: HucitecAndrade, L.O.M., (2006) A Saúde e o Dilema da Intersetorialidade. 1a. ed., 1. , São Paulo: HucitecAlmeida Filho, N., Rouquayrol, M.Z., Elementos de metodologia epidemiológica. (2003) ROUQUAYROL, MZ., ALMEIDA FILHO, N. Epidemiologia e Saúde. 6 ed., , Rio de Janeiro: MedsiAshton, J.R., Los orígenes de ciudades sanas (1993) ASHTON, J. (Org.). Ciudades sanas, , Barcelona: MassonAshton, J.R., From Healthy Towns 1843 to Healthy Cities 2008 (2009) Public Health, 123, pp. e11-e13Arteaga, E., Rice, M., FRANCESCHINI, MC. Documenting the current state of the healthy municipalities, cities and communities initiative in the Americas (2007) International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 28 (4), pp. 277-88Ayres, J.R.C.M., Epidemiologia, promoção da saúde e o paradoxo do risco (2002) Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 5, pp. 28-42. , Suplemento 1Barton, H., Grant, M., Mitcham, C., Tsouros, A., (2009), 24, pp. i91-i99. , WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Cities and Urban Policy, School of Built and Natural Environment, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. Health Promotion InternationalBerger, P., Luckmann, T., (1991) A Construção social da realidade: tratado de sociologia do conhecimento, , Petrópolis: VozesBreilh, J., (2006) Epidemiologia Crítica: Ciência Emancipadora e Interculturalidade, , Rio de Janeiro: FiocruzBuss, P.M., Pellegrini Filho, A., A saúde e seus determinantes sociais (2007) Physis (UERJ. Impresso), 17, pp. 77-93Campos, G.W.S., Saúde pública e saúde coletiva: campo e núcleo de saberes e práticas (2000) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 5 (2), pp. 219-230. , http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-81232000000200002&lng=en&nrm=iso, Available at: Accessed on: 31 Mar 2012Carvalho, S.R., (2005) Saúde Coletiva e promoção da saúde: sujeito e mudança, , São Paulo: HucitecCecilio, L.C.O., Merhy, E.E., Campos, G.W.S., Inventando a mudança na saúde (1994) São Paulo, HucitecCreswell, J.W., Clark, V.L.P., (2007) Designing and conducting mixed methods research, , Sage, California, USADachs, J.N.W., Determinantes das desigualdades na auto-avaliação do estado de saúde no Brasil: análise dos dados da PNAD/1998 (2002) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 7 (4), pp. 641-657De Leeuw, E., Evidence for Healthy Cities: reflections on practice, method and theory (2009) Health Promotion International, 24 (SUPPLEMENT 1), pp. i19-i36Drachler, M.L., Proposta de metodologia para selecionar indicadores de desigualdade em saúde visando definir prioridades de políticas públicas no Brasil (2003) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 18 (2), pp. 461-470Dubet, F., (1994) Sociologia da Experiência, , Lisboa: Instituto PiagetDuhl, L.J., The healthy city: its funcion and its future (1986) Health Promotion, 1, pp. 55-60Fleck, M.P.A., O instrumento de avaliação de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-100): características e perspectivas (2000) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 5 (1), pp. 33-38Gadotti, M.A., Agenda 21 e a Carta da Terra, , http://www.cartadaterra.com.br/pdf/Agenda21_CT2002.pdf, [documento na Internet]. Available at: Accessed on: 31 Mar 2012. s/dGreen, G., Acres, J., Price, C., Tsouros, A., City health development planning (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i72-i80. , Supplement 1Hancock, T., The evolution, impact and significance of the healthy cities/healthy communities movement (1993) Journal of Public Health Policy, 14 (1), pp. 5-18Heritage, Z., Dooris, M., Community participation and empowerment in Healthy Cities (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i45-i55. , SUPPLEMENT 1Ison, E., The introduction of health impact assessment in the WHO European Healthy Cities Network (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i64-i71. , SUPPLEMENT 1Lenzi, C.L., A Política democrática da sustentabilidade: os modelos deliberativo e associativo de democracia ambiental (2009) Ambiente & Sociedade, 12 (1), pp. 19-36Mendes, R., Qualidade de vida nas cidades: o movimento por cidades saudáveis (2001) Qualidade de Vida-Centro de Estudos Avançados em Economia Aplicada USP, 3 (26), pp. 1-4Meresman, S., Rice, M., Vizzotti, C., Frassia, R., Vizzotti, P., Akerman, M., Contributions for repositioning a regional strategy for Healthy Municipalities, Cities and Communities (HM&C): results of a Pan-American survey (2010) Journal of Urban Health, 87 (5), pp. 740-54O'Neill, M., Simard, P., Choosing indicators to evaluate Healthy Cities projects: a political task? (2006) Health Promotion International, 21 (2), pp. 145-152Patton, M., (1980) Qualitative evaluation methods, , Beverly Hills: SagePellegrini Filho, A., Public policy and the social determinants of health: the challenge of the production and use of scientific evidence (2011) Cad. Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, 27sup, 2. , S135-S140Roux, G., (1999) La participación social, factor dinamizador de la estrategia de Municipios Saludables, , Tercero Congreso de las Américas de Municipios y Comunidades Saludables. MedellinSá, R.F., Nishida, M., (2008) Evidências da efetividade do Projeto Municípios saudáveis no Nordeste do Brasil: o olhar da gestão, , Recife: Ed. Universitária da UFPESantos, B.S., Reinventar a democracia: entre o pré-contratualismo e o póscontratualismo. In: OLIVEIRA, F., PAOLI, MC. (Org.) (2000) Os sentidos da democracia: políticas do dissenso e a hegemonia global. Petrópolis, RJ: VozesBrasília: NEDICSapag, J.C., Kawashi, I., Capital social y promoción de la salud en América Latina (2007) Revista de Saúde Pública, 41 (1), pp. 139-49Thompson, B., Winner, C., Durability of community interventions programs: definitions, empirical studies and strategical planning (1999) BRACHT, N. (Ed.). Health promotion at the community level: new advances, pp. 137-54. , Newbury Park: SAGETravassos, C., Desigualdades geográficas e sociais na utilização de serviços de saúde no Brasil (2000) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 5 (1), pp. 133-149Tsouros, A., City leadership for health and sustainable development: The World Health Organization European Healthy Cities (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i4-i10. , SUPPLEMENT 1Westphal, M.F., Pais, T.D., (2006) Capela Saudável: gestão de políticas integradas e participativas, , São Paulo: Editora HUCITECWestphal, M.F., Zioni, F., Almeida, M.F., Nascimento, P.R., Monitoring millennium development goals in Brazilian Municipalities: challenges to be met in facing up to iniquities (2011) Cad Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, 27, pp. S155-S163Zioni, F., Westphal, M.F., O Enfoque dos Determinantes Sociais de Saúde sob o ponto de vista da Teoria Social (2007) Saúde e Sociedade, 16 (3), pp. 26-34Westphal, M.F., (2009) Relatório do projeto "Saúde e desenvolvimento local", entregue para o CNPq, e