Mixed-Criticality Scheduling with I/O

This paper addresses the problem of scheduling tasks with different criticality levels in the presence of I/O requests. In mixed-criticality scheduling, higher criticality tasks are given precedence over those of lower criticality when it is impossible to guarantee the schedulability of all tasks. While mixed-criticality scheduling has gained attention in recent years, most approaches typically assume a periodic task model. This assumption does not always hold in practice, especially for real-time and embedded systems that perform I/O. For example, many tasks block on I/O requests until devices signal their completion via interrupts; both the arrival of interrupts and the waking of blocked tasks can be aperiodic. In our prior work, we developed a scheduling technique in the Quest real-time operating system, which integrates the time-budgeted management of I/O operations with Sporadic Server scheduling of tasks. This paper extends our previous scheduling approach with support for mixed-criticality tasks and I/O requests on the same processing core. Results show the effective schedulability of different task sets in the presence of I/O requests is superior in our approach compared to traditional methods that manage I/O using techniques such as Sporadic Servers.Comment: Second version has replaced simulation experiments with real machine experiments, third version fixed minor error in Equation 5 (missing a plus sign

Mock Jurors\u27 Recommended Sentences for Perpetrators who have Traumatic Experiences

Experiencing trauma can result in neurological and biological changes, precipitating long-term damage to the brain and body. A considerable proportion of incarcerated persons have reported that they have experienced some type of trauma (Stensrud, Gilbride, & Bruinekool, 2018). Using scenarios of hypothetical crimes of varying degrees of seriousness, this study explores whether disclosure of the perpetrator’s traumatic childhood experiences has an influence on the severity of the sentence that mock jurors would recommend for that perpetrator. The mock jurors’ trait empathy, Belief in a Just World, and their own traumatic experiences were assessed to determine whether these characteristics could account for the variation in recommended sentences. No significant differences were found between the recommended sentences of perpetrators who experienced trauma and perpetrators who did not. However, participants’ optional, digitally written explanations of their rationale provided more insight into these dynamics and inspires opportunities for future research

Common Thread of Success: Connecting, Relationships, Networks

This paper shows that success centers around connection to community, and relationships within a network. Three case studies presented, include the 1950’s conflict between Robert Moses and Jane Jacobs, the non-profit organization charity: water, and the e-commerce business Amazon.com, highlighting the common thread of success. Storytelling, communication biases, and motivation were identified as three main factors that aided in the community connections supporting their success. These factors were then applied to WSIU Public Broadcasting as an example, with the theory that they could effectively be applied to any organization. The key for success is connection, so each time these supporting factors will be part of that formula in their own way

Measuring physiological influence in dyads: A guide to designing, implementing, and analyzing dyadic physiological studies.

Scholars across domains in psychology, physiology, and neuroscience have long been interested in the study of shared physiological experiences between people. Recent technological and analytic advances allow researchers to examine new questions about how shared physiological experiences occur. Yet comprehensive guides that address the theoretical, methodological, and analytic components of studying these processes are lacking. The goal of this article is to provide such a guide. We begin by addressing basic theoretical issues in the study of shared physiological states by presenting five guiding theoretical principles for making psychological inferences from physiological influence-the extent to which one dyad member's physiology predicts the other dyad member's physiology at a future time point. Second, keeping theoretical and conceptual concerns at the forefront, we outline considerations and recommendations for designing, implementing, and analyzing dyadic psychophysiological studies. In so doing, we discuss the different types of physiological measures one could use to address different theoretical questions. Third, we provide three illustrative examples in which we estimate physiological influence, using the stability and influence model. We conclude by providing detail about power analyses for the model and by comparing the strengths and limitations of this model with preexisting models. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)

Regulation of Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Neuron Activity by Feeding-related Hypothalamic Neuropeptides

The prevalence of obesity has doubled worldwide since the 1980s, and having a high body mass index contributes to more deaths worldwide than being underweight. Over the past 20 years, consumption of calorie-dense foods has increased, and this is considered one of the major causes of the rapid rise in obesity. Thus, understanding the neural control of food intake is important for the development of new and effective treatments of obesity. Two important brain regions that regulate food intake are the hypothalamus and the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system. The hypothalamus is essential for the homeostatic control of feeding and body weight, while the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, also known as the reward system, is the primary circuit for reward and motivated behavior. The reward system also regulates food intake and food reward, and there is increasing evidence that hypothalamic feeding-related neuropeptides alter dopamine neuron activity to affect feeding. Nevertheless, how these neuropeptides interact with the reward system to regulate feeding is not fully understood. For example, centrally delivered neurotensin and neuropeptide-Y (NPY) increase dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, but cause opposite effects on food reward. In addition, injection of the hypothalamic neuropeptides neurotensin, NPY, or alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH) into the ventral tegmental area (VTA), where reward-related dopamine neurons are located, alters multiple aspects of feeding, but how these neuropeptides interact with the reward system to alter feeding at both the circuit and cellular levels is not fully understood. In these studies, I have used whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiology in acute brain slices from mice to examine how neurotensin, a-MSH, and NPY affect VTA dopamine neuron activity. I have demonstrated that these neuropeptides use multiple mechanisms to alter VTA dopamine neuron activity, including both pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms. Neurotensin and a-MSH increased dopamine neuron activity, while NPY had both excitatory and inhibitory effects on dopamine neuron activity. Overall, these studies provide an important advancement in our understanding of the different mechanisms utilized by hypothalamic neuropeptides to alter VTA dopamine neuron activity and how hypothalamic neuropeptides interact with the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system to control food intake and food reward

The Empty Cup: Tea, Mythos, and Initiation through Emergent Ritual

West, Katherine Church, M.A., Summer 2018 Master of Arts in Fine Arts, Integrated Arts and Education Abstract In our increasingly fast paced and busy world, the cultural value placed in ritual and ceremony has been lost. Yet, cultures for centuries have known the importance of such initiations to both usher us into and through important passages that mark a new time in our lives by deepening our awareness of our own lives and an understanding of the collective human experience. This paper documents a two part project, one is the creation of a Gypsy Caravan, explored through the process of Beginner’s Mind and Creating Emergently. In the first part of the project, the author as an artist explores being a participant in the emergent creative process as it unfolds. The second part is the design of a modern Tea Ceremony which in its complete form the author named Emergent Ritual in which she becomes the guide of the process for others. Best described, Emergent Ritual is a way to re-envision the age old components of rites of passages, rituals, mythos and ceremony to best fit with our modern way of life and thinking. Emergent Ritual asks of us a change of mindset through the exploration of Emergent theory and the beginner’s mind so as to re-invigorate our appreciation of ritual and to see its immense benefit in our daily lives. The author draws and weaves together elements from Vision quests and wilderness rites of passages, Joseph Campbell’s Hero’s Journey, Nature Based Psyche work, Jungian studies, the Japanese Tea Ceremony and her own heritage to create a new ceremony which acknowledges the demands of our modern age and the ancient need for rites of passages for our individual and collective evolution

Genome Editing in Human Cells

No abstract available