7,409 research outputs found
Single Photon Source with Individualized Single Photon Certifications
As currently implemented, single-photon sources cannot be made to produce
single photons with high probability, while simultaneously suppressing the
probability of yielding two or more photons. Because of this, single photon
sources cannot really produce single photons on demand. We describe a
multiplexed system that allows the probabilities of producing one and more
photons to be adjusted independently, enabling a much better approximation of a
source of single photons on demand. The scheme uses a heralded photon source
based on parametric downconversion, but by effectively breaking the trigger
detector area into multiple regions, we are able to extract more information
about a heralded photon than is possible with a conventional arrangement. This
scheme allows photons to be produced along with a quantitative
``certification'' that they are single photons. Some of the single-photon
certifications can be significantly better than what is possible with
conventional downconversion sources (using a unified trigger detector region),
as well as being better than faint laser sources. With such a source of more
tightly certified single photons, it should be possible to improve the maximum
secure bit rate possible over a quantum cryptographic link. We present an
analysis of the relative merits of this method over the conventional
arrangement.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, SPIE Free-Space Laser Communication and Laser
Imaging II. To appear in the proceeding of SPIE Free-Space Laser
Communication and Laser Imaging II, vol 482
Direct Determination of Thomson Coefficients in Single Crystal Zinc Rods
The Thomson coefficients for single crystal zinc as a function of the orientation of the principal crystal axis are being directly determined by Nettleton\u27s method. For a rod with an orientation angle of approximately 45° the coefficient shows a rise with increasing temperature over the range 50-250° C
Beyond the Call of Beauty: Everyday Aesthetic Demands Under Patriarchy
This paper defends two claims. First, we will argue for the existence of aesthetic demands in the realm of everyday aesthetics, and that these demands are not reducible to moral demands. Second, we will argue that we must recognise the limits of these demands in order to combat a widespread form of gendered oppression. The concept of aesthetic supererogation offers a new structural framework to understand both the pernicious nature of this oppression and what may be done to mitigate it
Lymphotoxins and cytomegalovirus cooperatively induce interferon-beta, establishing host-virus détente
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related cytokines regulate cell death and survival and provide strong selective pressures for viruses, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), to evolve counterstrategies in order to persist in immune-competent hosts. Signaling by the lymphotoxin (LT)-β receptor or TNF receptor-1, but not Fas or TRAIL receptors, inhibits the cytopathicity and replication of human CMV by a nonapoptotic, reversible process that requires nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent induction of interferon-β (IFN-β). Efficient induction of IFN-β requires virus infection and LT signaling, demonstrating the need for both host and viral factors in the curtailment of viral replication without cellular elimination. LTα-deficient mice and LTβR-Fc transgenic mice were profoundly susceptible to murine CMV infection. Together, these results reveal an essential and conserved role for LTs in establishing host defense to CMV
Thomson Effect in Single Crystals of Zinc
Determinations of the Thomson coefficient of single crystals of zinc have been made by the method of Nettleton. For all orientations the coefficient increases with rising temperature (range 50- 200 C). The variation of the coefficient for a single temperature (60° C) as a function of crystal orientation was discussed
Thomson Effect in Single Crystal Zinc
Results for a series of crystals made from Kahlbaum zinc are much more consistent than any previously reported by the writer. The Voigt-Thomson symmetry relation appears to be satisfied for the Thomson Effect. The specific resistance and temperature coefficient of resistance have also been measured for all the crystals
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