The propagation of defects under fatigue loading

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Computational modeling of drug diffusion and inductive heating in an implantable biomedical device for localized thermo-chemotherapy of cancer cells/tissue

This paper presents the study of an implantable biomedical device for the localized released of chemotherapeutic drugs and the controlled heating of surrounding tumor tissue to enable cancer treatment via a hyperthermia and chemotherapy combination. The coupling of magnetic induction, heat transfer, and mass diffusion concepts used to model temperature changes and drug release from the biomedical device to a surrounding environment that mimics breast tumor tissue and normal breast tissue. The predictions of temperature change in the residual tumor cells and the normal breast tissue show that when an excitation current of 25 mA supplied to the device generates heat that required to kill the residual cancer cells without damaging the nearby healthy tissue. Also, the predictions of prodigiosin concentration released from the biomedical device into selected depths in the breast phantom model show that the residual tumor has a higher concentration than the healthy tissue. The proposed system proved capable for prolonged drug delivery and temperature rise of tumor to therapeutic values for effective localize cancer treatment

Data science and material informatics in physical metallurgy and material science: An overview of milestones and limitations

Data science and material informatics are gaining traction in alloy design. This is due to increasing infrastructure, computational capabilities and established open-source composition-structure-property databases increasingly becoming available. Additionally, the popularization of data science techniques and the drive to reduce overall material life-cycle cost by ∼60% have necessitated increased use of the technique. Alloy design is a multi-optimization problem hence the Edisonian approach is no more viable from cost, labour, and time-to-market perspectives. Although, there have been successful application of data science and material informatics in alloy design, there are drawbacks. This review provides a critical assessment of limitations associated with data science and materials informatics to alloy discovery and property characterization. Among these are cost, false positives, over – and underestimation of properties, lack of experimental data to validate simulated results, lack of state-of-the-art facilities in most developing countries and uncertainty modelling. The implications and areas for future research directions are highlighted

Development of a micro-beam method to investigate the fatigue crack growth mechanisms of submicron-scale cracks

In this paper, we propose a new experimental method to investigate the fatigue crack growth mechanisms of submicron-scale cracks by using freestanding single edge notched micro-beams that are fabricated on the surfaces of conventional bending specimens with the focused ion beam technique. Three dimensional FEM simulations in conjugate with LEFM fracture analysis were carried out to correlate the applied far field stresses with the local crack-tip driving force. For the validation of the new method, micro-beam experiments were conducted on 4340 low alloy steels and the results showed the similar findings compared to those in the literature while revealed undiscovered fatigue damage mechanisms that took place at the submicron and nanometer scales. © Society for Experimental Mechanics 2008