Isolasi dan Seleksi Bakteri dari Sedimen Mangrove untuk Pembentukan Konsorsium Bakteri Perombak Dibenzofuran

Dibenzofuran merupakan salah satu senyawa hidrokarbon aromatis polisiklik (HAP) yang mengandung oksigen. Paparannya di alam harus segera ditanggulangi karena dibenzofuran berperan sebagai prekursor bagi senyawa berkhlor turunannya yang bersifat lebih toksik. Dibenzofuran dapat dijadikan senyawa model karena beberapa bakteri perombak dibenzofuran juga mampu merombak senyawa mirip lainnya seperti dibenzodioksin, fluorena, fluorantena, dibenzofuran terkhlorinasi, fenantrena dan antrasena. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membentuk konsorsium bentukan yang mempunyai kemampuan tinggi dalam merombak dibenzofuran. Isolat bakteri diperoleh dari sedimen mangrove asal Balongan, Indramayu, Jawa Barat menggunakan medium mineral cair yang diperkaya dengan dibenzofuran sebagai satu-satunya sumber karbon dan energi. Total 12 isolat bakteri, GMYk-1, GMYk-2, GMYk-3, GMYk-4, GMYk-5, GMYs-1, GMYs-2, GMYs-3, GMYs-4, GMYs-5, GMYs-6 dan GMYs-7 berhasil diisolasi dari sedimen. Berdasarkan pengamatan terhadap keragaman isolat-isolat yang diperoleh serta interaksi di antara isolat dalam merombak dibenzofuran, empat isolat berhasil terseleksi untuk menyusun konsorsium bentukan. Isolat tersebut adalah GMYs-1, GMYs-6, GMYs-7 dan GMYk-1. Berdasarkan kemampuan merombak dibenzofuran dari kombinasi isolat-isolat yang disusun, biakan campuran GMYs-1- GMYs-6-GMYk-1 dipilih sebagai konsorsium bentukan. Konsorsium bentukan mempunyai kemampuan paling tinggi dalam merombak dibenzofuran

Implications of Leather Tanning Wastewater Exposure for Soil Bacteria Viability and Phosphate Solubilizing Activity

Leather tannery wastewater pollutes the environment because it contains BOD, COD, and chromium at levels above safe thresholds. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of exposure to tannery wastewater on the viability of the soil PSB community and selected PSB isolates, and to examine the ability of selected bacterial isolates to dissolve phosphate in Picovskaya's broth medium supplemented with tannery wastewater. The viability of the bacterial community was determined based on their growth in soil exposed to the waste at concentrations of 30, 60 and 100%, under field capacity moisture conditions, while the ability of the isolates to dissolve phosphate was observed using liquid Pikovskaya's medium which was added to the waste so that the concentration reached 30, 60, and 100%. The bacterial isolates RP-1 and RP-2 were used, which were obtained from the soil surrounding the tannery which was contaminated with leather tanning waste. The parameters that were analyzed were the number of cells and the amount of soluble phosphate. The number of cells was determined through the pourplate method using an agar nutrient medium, and the amount of soluble phoshate was examined using the P chlorostannous reduced molybdophosphoric acid blue method. According to the findings of this study, exposure to effluents reduced PSB viability in the soil. Exposure to waste also negatively affected cell viability and the ability of isolates to solubilize phosphate. Keywords: Wastewater, tannery, viability, ability, phosphate, solubilizatio