3,677 research outputs found
Distance statistics in quadrangulations with a boundary, or with a self-avoiding loop
We consider quadrangulations with a boundary and derive explicit expressions
for the generating functions of these maps with either a marked vertex at a
prescribed distance from the boundary, or two boundary vertices at a prescribed
mutual distance in the map. For large maps, this yields explicit formulas for
the bulk-boundary and boundary-boundary correlators in the various encountered
scaling regimes: a small boundary, a dense boundary and a critical boundary
regime. The critical boundary regime is characterized by a one-parameter family
of scaling functions interpolating between the Brownian map and the Brownian
Continuum Random Tree. We discuss the cases of both generic and self-avoiding
boundaries, which are shown to share the same universal scaling limit. We
finally address the question of the bulk-loop distance statistics in the
context of planar quadrangulations equipped with a self-avoiding loop. Here
again, a new family of scaling functions describing critical loops is
discovered.Comment: 55 pages, 14 figures, final version with minor correction
Combinatorics of bicubic maps with hard particles
We present a purely combinatorial solution of the problem of enumerating
planar bicubic maps with hard particles. This is done by use of a bijection
with a particular class of blossom trees with particles, obtained by an
appropriate cutting of the maps. Although these trees have no simple local
characterization, we prove that their enumeration may be performed upon
introducing a larger class of "admissible" trees with possibly doubly-occupied
edges and summing them with appropriate signed weights. The proof relies on an
extension of the cutting procedure allowing for the presence on the maps of
special non-sectile edges. The admissible trees are characterized by simple
local rules, allowing eventually for an exact enumeration of planar bicubic
maps with hard particles. We also discuss generalizations for maps with
particles subject to more general exclusion rules and show how to re-derive the
enumeration of quartic maps with Ising spins in the present framework of
admissible trees. We finally comment on a possible interpretation in terms of
branching processes.Comment: 41 pages, 19 figures, tex, lanlmac, hyperbasics, epsf. Introduction
and discussion/conclusion extended, minor corrections, references adde
Distance statistics in large toroidal maps
We compute a number of distance-dependent universal scaling functions
characterizing the distance statistics of large maps of genus one. In
particular, we obtain explicitly the probability distribution for the length of
the shortest non-contractible loop passing via a random point in the map, and
that for the distance between two random points. Our results are derived in the
context of bipartite toroidal quadrangulations, using their coding by
well-labeled 1-trees, which are maps of genus one with a single face and
appropriate integer vertex labels. Within this framework, the distributions
above are simply obtained as scaling limits of appropriate generating functions
for well-labeled 1-trees, all expressible in terms of a small number of basic
scaling functions for well-labeled plane trees.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, minor corrections, new added reference
Reliability in digital systems with asymmetrical failure modes
Reliability schemes in digital systems with asymmetrical failure mode
Force distributions in a triangular lattice of rigid bars
We study the uniformly weighted ensemble of force balanced configurations on
a triangular network of nontensile contact forces. For periodic boundary
conditions corresponding to isotropic compressive stress, we find that the
probability distribution for single-contact forces decays faster than
exponentially. This super-exponential decay persists in lattices diluted to the
rigidity percolation threshold. On the other hand, for anisotropic imposed
stresses, a broader tail emerges in the force distribution, becoming a pure
exponential in the limit of infinite lattice size and infinitely strong
anisotropy.Comment: 11 pages, 17 figures Minor text revisions; added references and
acknowledgmen
Binding Energy and the Fundamental Plane of Globular Clusters
A physical description of the fundamental plane of Galactic globular clusters
is developed which explains all empirical trends and correlations in a large
number of cluster observables and provides a small but complete set of truly
independent constraints on theories of cluster formation and evolution in the
Milky Way. Within the theoretical framework of single-mass, isotropic King
models, it is shown that (1) 39 regular (non--core-collapsed) globulars with
measured core velocity dispersions share a common V-band mass-to-light ratio of
1.45 +/- 0.10, and (2) a complete sample of 109 regular globulars reveals a
very strong correlation between cluster binding energy and total luminosity,
regulated by Galactocentric position: E_b \propto (L^{2.05} r_{\rm gc}^{-0.4}).
The observational scatter about either of these two constraints can be
attributed fully to random measurement errors, making them the defining
equations of a fundamental plane for globular clusters. A third, weaker
correlation, between total luminosity and the King-model concentration
parameter, c, is then related to the (non-random) distribution of globulars on
the plane. The equations of the FP are used to derive expressions for any
cluster observable in terms of only L, r_{\rm gc}, and c. Results are obtained
for generic King models and applied specifically to the globular cluster system
of the Milky Way.Comment: 60 pages with 19 figures, submitted to Ap
Advances on Testing C-Planarity of Embedded Flat Clustered Graphs
We show a polynomial-time algorithm for testing c-planarity of embedded flat
clustered graphs with at most two vertices per cluster on each face.Comment: Accepted at GD '1
Force distribution in a scalar model for non-cohesive granular material
We study a scalar lattice model for inter-grain forces in static,
non-cohesive, granular materials, obtaining two primary results. (i) The
applied stress as a function of overall strain shows a power law dependence
with a nontrivial exponent, which moreover varies with system geometry. (ii)
Probability distributions for forces on individual grains appear Gaussian at
all stages of compression, showing no evidence of exponential tails. With
regard to both results, we identify correlations responsible for deviations
from previously suggested theories.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, Submitted to PR
Waves attractors in rotating fluids: a paradigm for ill-posed Cauchy problems
In the limit of low viscosity, we show that the amplitude of the modes of
oscillation of a rotating fluid, namely inertial modes, concentrate along an
attractor formed by a periodic orbit of characteristics of the underlying
hyperbolic Poincar\'e equation. The dynamics of characteristics is used to
elaborate a scenario for the asymptotic behaviour of the eigenmodes and
eigenspectrum in the physically relevant r\'egime of very low viscosities which
are out of reach numerically. This problem offers a canonical ill-posed Cauchy
problem which has applications in other fields.Comment: 4 pages, 5 fi
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