Experiencias sobre automación de hornos rotatorios con intercambiadores de calor en suspensión gaseosa

Not availableLos hornos con intercambiadores de calor en suspensión gaseosa reúnen, respecto a la automación, unas condiciones previas como el precalentamiento y la descarbonatación de la materia prima, las cuales se realizan en un aparato que no permite mando ni regulación algunos. El intercambiador de calor en suspensión gaseosa no ofrece ninguna posibilidad de intervención sobre el material que pasa por él

Competition, resolution, and rotational motion in frustrated liquid crystals

In this article we highlight the packing of chiral molecules in the stabilisation of twist grain boundary phases of liquid crystals. We probe the nature and structure of the screw dislocations in these frustrated phases, and describe their mobility through examples of twist inversion, reentrancy and rotational motion. We then explore the possibility of forming edge dislocation phases through investigating the filamentary structures formed at the transition from the nematic phase in bent-core systems

Spatial micromovements of uncemented femoral components after torsional loads

A novel method is presented which permits to assess implanted femoral components with regards to location of fixation and initial stability under cyclic torsional loads. The mea, surement apparatus tracks the spatial movement at several sites of stem and bone, allowing quantitative analysis of the micromotions and twisting of stem and bone, and the location of torque (force) transfer Four types of prostheses were compared, which revealed striking differences in torque transfer Our results for synthetic femurs are consistent with in vivo data on the osseointegration and radiolucensies observed for the stem types of this study. The method can be used to quantitatively compare various stem designs and implantation techniques

Vintage article: the effect of monetary policy shocks in the United Kingdom: an external instruments

This paper uses VAR analysis to identify monetary policy shocks on U.K. data using surprise changes in the policy rate as external instruments and imposing block exogeneity restrictions on domestic variables to estimate parameters from the viewpoint of the domestic economy. The results show large and persistent effects of monetary policy shocks on the domestic economy and point to the critical role of exchange rates and term premia. The analysis resolves important empirical puzzles of traditional recursive identification methods

Risk factors for pan-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia and the adequacy of antibiotic therapy

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for acquiring carbapenemresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia (CR-PA) and factors associated with in-hospital mortality. METHODS: Seventy-seven cases of bacteremia caused by P. aeruginosa were evaluated in a hospital with high incidence of CR-PA. Clinical and laboratorial factors, and previous use of antibiotics were also evaluated. In one analysis, CR-PA and carbapenem-susceptible P. aeruginosa (CS-PA) bacteremia were compared. A second analysis compared patients who died with survivors. RESULTS: Among 77 P. aeruginosa bacteremia, 29 were caused by CR-PA. Admission to the intensive care unit, higher number of total leukocytes, and previous use of carbapenem were statistically associated with CR-PA. In the multivariate analysis, only previous use of carbapenem (including ertapenem) turned out to be a risk factor for CR-PA (p = 0.014). The 30-day mortality of patients with P. aeruginosa bloodstream infection was 44.8% for CS-PA and 54.2% for patients with CR-PA (p = 0.288). Chronic renal failure, admission to the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, and central venous catheter were risk factors for mortality. Incorrect treatment increased mortality of patients with bacteremia caused by CS-PA, but not for CR-SA. The odd ratio of mortality associated with incorrect therapy in patients with CS-PA was 3.30 (1.01-10.82; p = 0.043). The mortality of patients with bacteremia caused by CR-PA was unexpectedly similar regardless of antimicrobial treatment adequacy. CONCLUSION: Appropriate treatment for CS-PA bacteremia initiated within the first 24 hours was associated with lower mortality, but this cannot be extrapolated for CR-PA

Optical measurements of orientational order in uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals

The use of optical methods to study the orientational order in nematic liquid crystals is both convenient and powerful. Some of the earliest approaches made use of measurements of the refractive index anisotropy, following the methodology of Halle [1] to measure the order parameter, [image omitted]. This method is reviewed briefly and some typical areas of application are presented. Raman spectroscopy is a second approach discussed in this paper. Although technically a more complex methodology, Raman spectroscopy has the significant advantage that in addition to being able to measure [image omitted] it is also possible to determine [image omitted]. A review of current approaches is presented. Very recently, it has been shown that polarised Raman spectroscopy can be employed to determine biaxial order parameters in liquid crystals. The methodology is described, and data are presented for such measurements on a series of bent-core nematic materials that could exhibit the elusive biaxial nematic phase