The Significance of ‘Things’ in Cybercrime How to Apply Actor-network Theory in (Cyber)criminological Research and Why it Matters

In recent years computer technologies and digital devices have become ubiquitous in all facets of human existence, including crime and deviant behavior. Various forms of criminality have emerged in which technical entities play a substantial role. It can be argued that such a development urges criminologists and anthropologists to draw more attention to the significance of things in crime. Latour’s (2005) actor-network theory (ANT), which considers non-human entities as active participants of the social, could be a useful approach for extending our analytical focus to the non-human. The article will not only asses why, but also how we can apply ANT as a more-than-human methodology in qualitative research, by discussing three ANT-based methodological principles: ‘follow the tool’, ‘follow the hybrid’ and ‘follow the network.’ In this scope this article draws on earlier conducted qualitative ANT case studies on different forms of high-tech cybercrime. In a more general vein, the article aims to show that innovations in qualitative research methods can be also informed by theory

Interventies voor cyberdaders

Criminal Justice: Legitimacy, accountability, and effectivit

Interventions for cyber offenders

Criminal Justice: Legitimacy, accountability, and effectivit

Benefits and risks of clofarabine in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia investigated in depth by multi-state modeling

Background: We recently reported results of the prospective, open-label HOVON-100 trial in 334 adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) randomized to first-line treatment with or without clofarabine (CLO). No improvement of event-free survival (EFS) was observed, while a higher proportion of patients receiving CLO obtained minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity. Aim: In order to investigate the effects of CLO in more depth, two multi-state models were developed to identify why CLO did not show a long-term survival benefit despite more MRD-negativity. Methods: The first model evaluated the effect of CLO on going off-protocol (not due to refractory disease/relapse, completion or death) as a proxy of severe treatment-related toxicity, while the second model evaluated the effect of CLO on obtaining MRD negativity. The subsequent impact of these intermediate events on death or relapsed/refractory disease was assessed in both models. Results: Overall, patients receiving CLO went off-protocol more frequently than control patients (35/168 [21%] vs. 18/166 [11%], p = 0.019; HR 2.00 [1.13–3.52], p = 0.02), especially during maintenance (13/44 [30%] vs. 6/56 [11%]; HR 2.85 [95%CI 1.08–7.50], p = 0.035). Going off-protocol was, however, not associated with more relapse or death. Patients in the CLO arm showed a trend towards an increased rate of MRD-negativity compared with control patients (HR MRD-negativity: 1.35 [0.95–1.91], p = 0.10), which did not translate into a significant survival benefit. Conclusion: We conclude that the intermediate states, i.e., going off-protocol and MRD-negativity, were affected by adding CLO, but these transitions were not associated with subsequent survival estimates, suggesting relatively modest antileukemic activity in ALL.</p

Efficacy of MSC for steroid-refractory acute GVHD associates with MSC donor age and a defined molecular profile

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