The 2000 EU Water Framework Directive and Chinese Water Management : experiences and perspectives

This paper addresses Integrated River Basin Management as a solution to water stress through a comparative analysis of water management in Europe and China. It makes a preliminary assessment of the European experiences so far with the Water Framework Directive (WFD) on river basin management and investigates its potential value for other areas, focusing on China. Problems and possibilities of policy transfer in the process of initiating and stimulating sustainable water management are investigated. Could the WFD, which seems to have beneficial impact in Europe, be used to reach the same results in China? We will deal with this and other questions, discussing the differences in water management and context between China and the EU and the problems with adopting a WFD inspired approach in China.QC 2011111

The 2000 EU Water Framework Directive and Chinese Water Management : experiences and perspectives

This paper addresses Integrated River Basin Management as a solution to water stress through a comparative analysis of water management in Europe and China. It makes a preliminary assessment of the European experiences so far with the Water Framework Directive (WFD) on river basin management and investigates its potential value for other areas, focusing on China. Problems and possibilities of policy transfer in the process of initiating and stimulating sustainable water management are investigated. Could the WFD, which seems to have beneficial impact in Europe, be used to reach the same results in China? We will deal with this and other questions, discussing the differences in water management and context between China and the EU and the problems with adopting a WFD inspired approach in China.QC 2011111

C1-Symmetric [Ir(C^N1)(C^N2)(O^O)]-Tris-Heteroleptic Iridium(III)-Complexes with the preferentially horizontal orientation for high-performance near-infrared organic light-emitting diodes

Title on author's file: C1-Symmetric [Ir(C^N1)(C^N2)(O^O)]-Tris-Heteroleptic Iridium(III)-Complexes with the Preferentially Horizontal Orientation for High-Performance Near-Infrared (NIR) Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)202209_bcwwAccepted ManuscriptRGCOthersNSFC; State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE); Endowed Professorship in Energy from Ms. Clarea Au; Foundation of Wenzhou Science & Technology BureauPublishe

Synthesis, Structural Elucidation, And Biochemical Analysis of Immunoactive Glucuronosyl Diacylglycerides of Mycobacteria and Corynebacteria

Glucuronosyl diacylglycerides (GlcAGroAc2) are functionally important glycolipids and membrane anchors for cell wall lipoglycans in the Corynebacteria. Here we describe the complete synthesis of distinct acyl-isoforms of GlcAGroAc2 bearing both acylation patterns of (R)-tuberculostearic acid (C19:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) and their mass spectral characterization. Collision-induced fragmentation mass spectrometry identified characteristic fragment ions that were used to develop “rules” allowing the assignment of the acylation pattern as C19:0 (sn-1), C16:0 (sn-2) in the natural product from Mycobacterium smegmatis, and the structural assignment of related C18:1 (sn-1), C16:0 (sn-2) GlcAGroAc2 glycolipids from M. smegmatis and Corynebacterium glutamicum. A synthetic hydrophobic octyl glucuronoside was used to characterize the GDP-mannose-dependent mannosyltransferase MgtA from C. glutamicum that extends GlcAGroAc2. This enzyme is an Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent metalloenzyme that undergoes dramatic activation upon reduction with dithiothreitol

Drug-coated balloon angioplasty with rescue stenting versus intended stenting for the treatment of patients with de novo coronary artery lesions (REC-CAGEFREE I): an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial

Background The long-term impact of drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty for the treatment of patients with de novo coronary artery lesions remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the non-inferiority of DCB angioplasty with rescue stenting to intended drug-eluting stent (DES) deployment for patients with de novo, non-complex coronary artery lesions. Methods REC-CAGEFREE I was an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial conducted at 43 sites in China. After successful lesion pre-dilatation, patients aged 18 years or older with de novo, non-complex coronary artery disease (irrespective of target vessel diameter) and an indication for percutaneous coronary intervention were randomly assigned (1:1), via a web-based centralised system with block randomisation (block size of two, four, or six) and stratified by site, to paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty with the option of rescue stenting due to an unsatisfactory result (DCB group) or intended deployment of second-generation thin-strut sirolimus-eluting stents (DES group). The primary outcome was the device-oriented composite endpoint (DoCE; including cardiovascular death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically and physiologically indicated target lesion revascularisation) assessed at 24 months in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population (ie, all participants randomly assigned to treatment). Non-inferiority was established if the upper limit of the one-sided 95% CI for the absolute risk difference was smaller than 2·68%. Safety was assessed in the ITT population. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT04561739 . It is closed to accrual and extended follow-up is ongoing. Findings Between Feb 5, 2021, and May 1, 2022, 2272 patients were randomly assigned to the DCB group (1133 [50%]) or the DES group (1139 [50%]). Median age at the time of randomisation was 62 years (IQR 54–69), 1574 (69·3%) of 2272 were male, 698 (30·7%) were female, and all patients were of Chinese ethnicity. 106 (9·4%) of 1133 patients in the DCB group received rescue DES after unsatisfactory DCB angioplasty. As of data cutoff (May 1, 2024), median follow-up was 734 days (IQR 731–739). At 24 months, the DoCE occurred in 72 (6·4%) of 1133 patients in the DCB group and 38 (3·4%) of 1139 in the DES group, with a risk difference of 3·04% in the cumulative event rate (upper boundary of the one-sided 95% CI 4·52; pnon-inferiority=0·65; two-sided 95% CI 1·27–4·81; p=0·0008); the criterion for non-inferiority was not met. During intervention, no acute vessel closures occurred in the DCB group and one (0·1%) of 1139 patients in the DES group had acute vessel closure. Periprocedural myocardial infarction occurred in ten (0·9%) of 1133 patients in the DCB group and nine (0·8%) in the DES group. Interpretation In patients with de novo, non-complex coronary artery disease, irrespective of vessel diameter, a strategy of DCB angioplasty with rescue stenting did not achieve non-inferiority compared with the intended DES implantation in terms of the DoCE at 2 years, which indicates that DES should remain the preferred treatment for this patient population