François Bonivard and his Difformes Reformateurs

This article presents François Bonivard (the pre-Reformation Prior of Geneva's Cluniac monastery) and his Des Difformes Reformateurs, the premier example of his satirical and polemical skills. In this, he attacks the violence and immorality accompanying and undermining the Reformation. Opposed to the corruption of the "old" faith, he was a strong critic of the inflammatory preachers of the "new" as well as their followers' violence and avarice. This work emphasises that the desire for an ethical, non-violent Reformation (e.g. Erasmus and Castellio) could be found even in Calvin's Geneva

Genevan Sex Crimes Database, c.1440-c.1790

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The study examined in detail over 300 criminal trials surviving in Geneva relating to sexual deviance (homosexuality, male rape/sexual assault, paedophilia, lesbianism, bestiality, adolescent sexual experimentation, female rape/sexual assault, adultery and fornication). These trials, in which verbatim testimony and numerous depositions by witnesses survive, give an ideal place to test pre-Freudian ideas of sexual development, sexual categories and sexual self-awareness.Main Topics:The data collection contains details of over 1000 individuals gleaned from over 300 trials for the period c.1440 - c.1790 (although the overwhelming bulk of of the data come from the period 1530 - 1680). This represents, on average, over six people per year directly involved either as defendants or witnessess in trials relating to deviant, criminalised or violent sexual conduct. The database does not include the large number of magistrates who would have been present as judges and observers. This large number of 'participants' as well as the excellent and detailed information preserved in the trial dossiers means that it has been possible to identify extremely subtle yet consistent ideas of sexuality and sexual preference among judges, defendants and witnesses. The voices of the 'deviants' are sufficiently evident to evaluate early modern views on sexuality, sexual identity and sexual preference. These views have been compared with early modern ideas as well as modern ideas about the development of these assumptions and presuppositions in an historiographical context. It has been demonstrated that the participants in these trials had very clear ideas of differing types of deviancy as well as firm convictions that criminals came to these types of crimes through diverse paths of sexual development. The main variables include: the gender, age, occupation, place of origin and civic status of defendants and witnesses; the names and civic status of their parents and spouse; the crime they were charged with details of the interrogation, verdict and sentence; and cross references between cases. Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.<br

Sex, sexuality and self-identity Deviance in Geneva c. 1535-1650

Period of award Oct 1999 to Dec 2000Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:3739.0605(000223045) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

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Although recent work has begun to establish that early modern plagues had selective mortality effects, it was generally accepted that the initial outbreak of Black Death in 1347‐52 was a “universal killer.” Recent bioarchaeological work, however, has argued that the Black Death was also selective with regard to age and pre‐plague health status. The issue of the Black Death's potential sex selectivity is less clear. Bioarchaeological research hypothesizes that sex‐selection in mortality was possible during the initial Black Death outbreak, and we present evidence from historical sources to test this notion