A Study to Determine the Importance of Pre-service Training in Teaching Farm Mechanics Jobs in Vocational Agriculture

Farms today are mechanized to a stage which would have been termed impossible two generations ago. In training the farmers of tomorrow it is the responsibility of the vocational agriculture teacher to prepare the boys to meet the challenge of this mechanized age of farming. Present complexity, new machines, new problems, and new skills to be learned and acquired are challenges which must be met by the teacher and the boy to make him a better farmer than his father before him. In teaching farm mechanics there are hundreds of major and minor skills in which a teacher must be proficient. How to best acquire these skills is of concern to all. They will not all be acquired before college nor is there time in college to give training in all these skills. Certainly a teacher cannot be expected to acquire these skills while teaching. From the writer’s own experience and in talking with teachers of vocational agriculture, it is quite probable there are areas and jobs in which the training is inadequate on the college level. There are, of course, limitations on the time that can be spent in farm mechanics courses in college. Also to be considered is the fact that many instructors have had training in certain job areas before entering college. Where a great majority have this training it would seem inefficient to require it in college. Further, have the college courses in farm mechanics kept pace with the increased mechanization of the modern farm? As progress is made courses will become obsolete and must be discontinued. New ones, to better fill the need, will be added to the curriculum. A teacher of vocational agriculture is expected to be proficient in a broad field of farm mechanics jobs and related abilities. How best to meet that requirement is the planned outcome of this study. The purpose of this study is to determine the importance of pre-service training in farm mechanics jobs for college students majoring in vocational agriculture

The interaction of oxygen atoms with solid surfaces at eV energies Annual status report, 1 Jun. 1968 - 31 May 1969

Interaction of oxygen atoms with solid surfaces at eV energie

Actuated and flow-measuring gates

Presented at SCADA and related technologies for irrigation district modernization, II: a USCID water management conference held on June 6-9, 2007 in Denver, Colorado.Includes bibliographical references.New Cache La Poudre Irrigating Company (http://www.newcache.com/) began the first phases of modernizing the 114-year-old canal in recent years. The Company has built new equalizer reservoirs, a 30 CFS pump station, and a new 3,000 acre foot storage reservoir using concessionary loans available from the Colorado Water Conservation Board. Further, the outlet works out of the Company's long-time equalizer reservoir on the Greeley #2 Canal has been replaced and modernized. As an integral part of the overall canal modernization, various approaches to actuating gates, measuring flows, and initiating SCADA were evaluated. The Company studied and toured SCADA installations in four states of the United States and in two states of Australia. Ultimately, the Rubicon actuated and flow measuring gates were selected and eight gates have been installed on the canal in the past two years. Portions of the Greeley #2 Canal, the river diversion on the Cache La Poudre River, and the discharges from two reservoirs can now be monitored and controlled from the Company's office in Lucerne, Colorado. The process of evaluating SCADA and actuated gates will be described as well as current operations. Further expansion of the system is anticipated in the future that will likely lead the Company toward full canal automation. The current short term strategy for future expansion of the system will be described

Improved statistical learning abilities in adult bilinguals

Using multiple languages may confer distinct advantages in cognitive control, yet it is unclear whether bilingualism is associated with better implicit statistical learning, a core cognitive ability underlying language. We tested bilingual adults on a challenging task requiring simultaneous learning of two miniature grammars characterized by different statistics. We found that participants learned each grammar significantly better than chance and both grammars equally well. Crucially, a validated continuous measure of bilingual dominance predicted accuracy scores for both artificial grammars in a generalized linear model. The study thus demonstrates the first graded advantage in learning novel statistical relations in adult bilinguals

Operational development of small plant growth systems

The results of a study undertaken on the first phase of an empricial effort in the development of small plant growth chambers for production of salad type vegetables on space shuttle or space station are discussed. The overall effort is visualized as providing the underpinning of practical experience in handling of plant systems in space which will provide major support for future efforts in planning, design, and construction of plant-based (phytomechanical) systems for support of human habitation in space. The assumptions underlying the effort hold that large scale phytomechanical habitability support systems for future space stations must evolve from the simple to the complex. The highly complex final systems will be developed from the accumulated experience and data gathered from repetitive tests and trials of fragments or subsystems of the whole in an operational mode. These developing system components will, meanwhile, serve a useful operational function in providing psychological support and diversion for the crews

Concepts of ground water recharge and well augmentation in northeastern Colorado

Presented during the USCID water management conference held on October 13-16, 2004 in Salt Lake City, Utah. The theme of the conference was "Water rights and related water supply issues."Includes bibliographical references.In northeastern Colorado, severe drought plus recent state court rulings have caused new and increased pressures on water rights. The current drought has been analyzed and is now thought to be a 300-year event based on proxy data obtained from tree rings. The drought factor, dramatic regional growth, transference of water from agriculture to municipal, and the increasing price of water have all put water rights under new and increased pressures. Tributary wells in the South Platte River Basin, in particular, have been severely impacted because oJ recent State Supreme Court rulings. In response, several ditch and canal companies have implemented their own ground water recharge programs and well augmentation plans to replace out of priority depletions to the river caused by well pumping. The approaches that several canal companies have used in developing a long term strategy are described. Interestingly, the dynamics of ground water recharge and well augmentation programs also dovetail nicely with canal modernization strategies and SCADA. In particular, the efforts of the New Cache la Poudre Irrigating Company and the Union Ditch Company are described to include application for new junior water rights, implementation of ground water recharge programs, and filings of augmentation plans for member wells in their respective service areas.Proceedings sponsored by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Central Utah Project Completion Act Office and the U.S. Committee on Irrigation and Drainage

Heat Transfer in a Submerged Condenser

Chemical Engineerin

Critical Concentration Of Uranium Solution

The experiments with U(37)O{sub 2}F{sub 2} aqueous solution followed the series of experiments with {sup 233}UO{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} and U(93)O{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} solutions in the 69.2-cm-diam sphere. The critical concentrations of {sup 233}U and {sup 235}U were used to evaluate the ratio of {ovr {eta}{sigma}{sub a}}(233)/{ovr {eta}{sigma}{sub a}}(235) some years ago when the accepted value of {ovr {eta}}(233) was questioned. The purpose of the experiment reported here was to measure the increase in {sup 235}U critical concentration and, hence, the increase in critical mass due to the increase in the {sup 238}U content in the 69.2-cm-diam sphere. The U(37)O{sub 2}F{sub 2} concentration in an aqueous solution was adjusted to that when an aluminum spherical vessel was completely filled and the multiplication factor was greater than unity and the excess reactivity was measured by means of a positive reactor period. The critical conditions are summarized in Table 1. The critical conditions for U(93)O{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} solution in the same sphere are also given for comparison and there is only a small difference in the critical {sup 235}U density or mass. In these well moderated solutions there is only a small amount of neutron absorption in {sup 238}U. A comparison of the calculated multiplication factors using the DSN and ANISN transport codes with different Hansen-Roach 16-group cross-section sets is presented in Table 2. The calculated value of 1.0005 is to be compared to the experimental value of 1.0011