Phonon density of states and compression behavior in iron sulfide under pressure

We report the partial phonon densities of states (DOS) of iron sulfide, a possible component of the rocky planet's core, measured by the Fe-57 nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and calculate the total phonon DOS under pressure. From the phonon DOS, we drive thermodynamic parameters. A comparison of the observed and estimated compressibilities makes it clear that there is a large pure electronic contribution in the observed compressibility in the metallic state. Our results present the observation of thermodynamic parameters of iron sulfide with the low-spin state of an Fe2+ ion at the high density, which is similar to the condition of the Martian core

A geometry of interaction machine for Gödel's System T

Gödel’s System T is the simply typed lambda calculus extended with numbers and an iterator. The higher-order nature of the language gives it enormous expressive power—the language can represent all the primitive recursive functions and beyond, for instance Ackermann’s function. In this paper we use System T as a minimalistic functional language. We give an interpretation using a data-flow model that incorporates ideas from the geometry of interaction and game semantics. The contribution is a reversible model of higher-order computation which can also serve as a novel compilation technique

RankPL: A Qualitative Probabilistic Programming Language

In this paper we introduce RankPL, a modeling language that can be thought of as a qualitative variant of a probabilistic programming language with a semantics based on Spohn's ranking theory. Broadly speaking, RankPL can be used to represent and reason about processes that exhibit uncertainty expressible by distinguishing "normal" from" surprising" events. RankPL allows (iterated) revision of rankings over alternative program states and supports various types of reasoning, including abduction and causal inference. We present the language, its denotational semantics, and a number of practical examples. We also discuss an implementation of RankPL that is available for download

A centralised cloud services repository (CCSR) framework for optimal cloud service advertisement discovery from heterogenous web portals

© 2013 IEEE. A cloud service marketplace is the first point for a consumer to discovery, select and possible composition of different services. Although there are some private cloud service marketplaces, such as Microsoft Azure, that allow consumers to search service advertainment belonging to a given vendor. However, due to an increase in the number of cloud service advertisement, a consumer needs to find related services across the worldwide web (WWW). A consumer mostly uses a search engine such as Google, Bing, for the service advertisement discovery. However, these search engines are insufficient in retrieving related cloud services advertainments on time. There is a need for a framework that effectively and efficiently discovery of the related service advertisement for ordinary users. This paper addresses the issue by proposing a user-friendly harvester and a centralised cloud service repository framework. The proposed Centralised Cloud Service Repository (CCSR) framework has two modules - Harvesting as-a-Service (HaaS) and the service repository module. The HaaS module allows users to extract real-time data from the web and make it available to different file format without the need to write any code. The service repository module provides a centralised cloud service repository that enables a consumer for efficient and effective cloud service discovery. We validate and demonstrate the suitability of our framework by comparing its efficiency and feasibility with three widely used open-source harvesters. From the evaluative result, we observe that when we harvest a large number of services advertisements, the HaaS is more efficient compared with the traditional harvesting tools. Our cloud services advertisements dataset is publicly available for future research at: http://cloudmarketregistry.com/cloud-market-registry/home.html

Epistemic Logic with Partial Dependency Operator

In this paper, we introduce $\textit{partial}$ dependency modality $\mathcal{D}$ into epistemic logic so as to reason about $\textit{partial}$ dependency relationship in Kripke models. The resulted dependence epistemic logic possesses decent expressivity and beautiful properties. Several interesting examples are provided, which highlight this logic's practical usage. The logic's bisimulation is then discussed, and we give a sound and strongly complete axiomatization for a sub-language of the logic

Building an Argument for the Use of Science Fiction in HCI Education

Science fiction literature, comics, cartoons and, in particular, audio-visual materials, such as science fiction movies and shows, can be a valuable addition in Human-computer interaction (HCI) Education. In this paper, we present an overview of research relative to future directions in HCI Education, distinct crossings of science fiction in HCI and Computer Science teaching and the Framework for 21st Century Learning. Next, we provide examples where science fiction can add to the future of HCI Education. In particular, we argue herein first that science fiction, as tangible and intangible cultural artifact, can serve as a trigger for creativity and innovation and thus, support us in exploring the design space. Second, science fiction, as a means to analyze yet-to-come HCI technologies, can assist us in developing an open-minded and reflective dialogue about technological futures, thus creating a singular base for critical thinking and problem solving. Provided that one is cognizant of its potential and limitations, we reason that science fiction can be a meaningful extension of selected aspects of HCI curricula and research.Comment: 6 pages, 1 table, IHSI 2019 accepted submissio

Dynamic Release of Bending Stress in Short dsDNA by Formation of a Kink and Forks

Bending with high curvature is one of the major mechanical properties of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) that is essential for its biological functions. The emergence of a kink arising from local melting in the middle of dsDNA has been suggested as a mechanism of releasing the energy cost of bending. Herein, we report that strong bending induces two types of short dsDNA deformations, induced by two types of local melting, namely, a kink in the middle and forks at the ends, which we demonstrate using D-shaped DNA nanostructures. The two types of deformed dsDNA structures dynamically interconvert on a millisecond timescale. The transition from a fork to a kink is dominated by entropic contribution (anti-Arrhenius behavior), while the transition from a kink to a fork is dominated by enthalpic contributions. The presence of mismatches in dsDNA accelerates kink formation, and the transition from a kink to a fork is removed when the mismatch size is three base pairs.1157Ysciescopu

Kinetics of the reduction of wüstite by hydrogen and carbon monoxide for the chemical looping production of hydrogen

Hydrogen of very high purity can be produced via the steam-iron process, in which steam oxidises metallic Fe in 3/4Fe + H2O→1/4Fe3O4 + H2. It is then advantageous to oxidise Fe3O4 in air to Fe2O3, an oxygen-carrier. This higher oxide of Fe is then reduced to regenerate metallic iron by reacting with synthesis gas, producing metallic Fe and possibly some wüstite (FexO, 0<x<1). In this three-stage process, the reduction of FexO to Fe is the slowest reaction. This paper is concerned with the kinetics of the reduction of wüstite (FexO) by reaction with CO, and, or H2. Starting with pure (99 wt%) wüstite, the intrinsic kinetics of its reduction to metallic iron were measured in fluidised beds at different temperatures. The reaction was found to have 3 distinct stages, (i) the removal of lattice oxygen in wüstite, (ii) rate increasing with conversion of solid and (iii) rate decreasing with conversion of solid. A random pore model was used to simulate the latter stages of the reduction of wüstite by either H2 or CO or a mixture of the two. It was found that the intrinsic rate of reduction in H2 is substantially faster than with CO, whereas the resistances to diffusion of H2 and CO through the product layer of Fe are comparable; these factors account for differences in the overall rates observed with these gases.This is the final published version. It is also available from the publisher at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000925091400428X

LOQUAT: an open-source GPU-accelerated SPH solver for geotechnical modeling

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a meshless method gaining popularity recently in geotechnical modeling. It is suitable to solve problems involving large deformation, free-surface, cracking and fragmentation. To promote the research and application of SPH in geotechnical engineering, we present LOQUAT, an open-source three-dimensional GPU accelerated SPH solver. LOQUAT employs the standard SPH formulations for solids with two geomechnical constitutive models which are the Drucker–Prager model and a hypoplastic model. Three stabilization techniques, namely, artificial viscosity, artificial pressure and stress regularization are included. A generalized boundary particle method is presented to model static and moving boundaries with arbitrary geometry. LOQUAT employs GPU acceleration technique to greatly increase the computational efficiency. Numerical examples show that the solver is convergent, stable and highly efficient. With a mainstream GPU, it can simulate large scale problems with tens of millions of particles, and easily performs more than one thousand times faster than serial CPU code