Application study of filamentary composites in a commercial jet aircraft fuselage

A study of applications of filamentary composite materials to aircraft fuselage structure was performed. General design criteria were established and material studies conducted using the 727-200 forebody as the primary structural component. Three design approaches to the use of composites were investigated: uniaxial reinforcement of metal structure, uniaxial and biaxial reinforcement of metal structure, and an all-composite design. Materials application studies for all three concepts were conducted on fuselage shell panels, keel beam, floor beams, floor panels, body frames, fail-safe straps, and window frames. Cost benefit studies were conducted and developmental program costs estimated. On the basis of weight savings, cost effectiveness, developmental program costs, and potential for early application on commercial aircraft, the unaxial design is recommended for a 5-year flight service evaluation program

Negligent Misrepresentation: Fraud or Negligence

Although there was no remedy for negligent misrepresentation at common law, and English law apparently still provides none, the American courts have all, in one way or another, accepted the thesis that conscience, fair dealing and the usages of business require some type of liability. But the nature and limits of that liability have never been clearly defined by the majority of American jurisdictions

Lattice-coupled Antiferromagnet on Frustrated Lattices

Lattice-coupled antiferromagnetic spin model is analyzed for a number of frustrated lattices: triangular, Kagome, and pyrochlore. In triangular and Kagome lattices where ground state spins are locally ordered, the spin-lattice interaction does not lead to a static deformation of the lattice. In the pyrochlore structure, spin-lattice coupling supports a picture of the hexagon spin cluster proposed in the recent experiment[S. H. Lee et al. Nature, 418, 856 (2002)]. Through spin-lattice interaction a uniform contraction of the individual hexagons in the pyrochlore lattice can take place and reduce the exchange energy. Residual hexagon-hexagon interaction takes the form of a 3-states Potts model where the preferred directions of the spin-loop directors for nearby hexagons are mutually orthogonal