2,747 research outputs found
Probing minimal supergravity in the type-I seesaw mechanism with lepton flavour violation at the CERN LHC
The most general supersymmetric seesaw mechanism has too many parameters to
be predictive and thus can not be excluded by any measurements of lepton
flavour violating (LFV) processes. We focus on the simplest version of the
type-I seesaw mechanism assuming minimal supergravity boundary conditions. We
compute branching ratios for the LFV scalar tau decays, , as well as loop-induced LFV decays at low energy, such as
and , exploring their sensitivity to the
unknown seesaw parameters. We find some simple, extreme scenarios for the
unknown right-handed parameters, where ratios of LFV branching ratios correlate
with neutrino oscillation parameters. If the overall mass scale of the left
neutrinos and the value of the reactor angle were known, the study of LFV
allows, in principle, to extract information about the so far unknown
right-handed neutrino parameters.Comment: 29 pages, 27 figures; added explanatory comments, corrected typos,
final version for publicatio
Quasiclassical Equations of Motion for Nonlinear Brownian Systems
Following the formalism of Gell-Mann and Hartle, phenomenological equations
of motion are derived from the decoherence functional formalism of quantum
mechanics, using a path-integral description. This is done explicitly for the
case of a system interacting with a ``bath'' of harmonic oscillators whose
individual motions are neglected. The results are compared to the equations
derived from the purely classical theory. The case of linear interactions is
treated exactly, and nonlinear interactions are compared using classical and
quantum perturbation theory.Comment: 24 pages, CALT-68-1848 (RevTeX 2.0 macros
On the Definition of Decoherence
We examine the relationship between the decoherence of quantum-mechanical
histories of a closed system (as discussed by Gell-Mann and Hartle) and
environmentally-induced diagonalization of the density operator for an open
system. We study a definition of decoherence which incorporates both of these
ideas, and show that it leads to a consistent probabilistic interpretation of
the reduced density operator.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, SJSU/TP-93-1
Mixing of 1/2^- Octets under SU(3) Symmetry
We investigate the J^p=1/2^- baryons in the octets based on flavor SU(3)
symmetry. Since baryons with same quantum numbers can mix with each other, we
consider the mixing between two octets before their mixing with the singlet.
Most predicted decay widths are consistent with the experimental data, and
meanwhile we predict two possible mass ranges of the two octets.Comment: 8 latex page
Electroweak Baryogenesis from Late Neutrino Masses
Electroweak Baryogenesis, given a first order phase transition, does not work
in the standard model because the quark Yukawa matrices are too hierarchical.
On the other hand, the neutrino mass matrix is apparently not hierarchical. In
models with neutrino mass generation at low scales, the neutrino Yukawa
couplings lead to large CP-violation in the reflection probability of heavy
leptons by the expanding Higgs bubble wall, and can generate the observed
baryon asymmetry of the universe. The mechanism predicts new vector-like
leptons below the TeV scale and sizable mu -> e processes.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, references adde
Alternative experimental evidence for chiral restoration in excited baryons
Given existing empirical spectral patterns of excited hadrons it has been
suggested that chiral symmetry is approximately restored in excited hadrons at
zero temperature/density (effective symmetry restoration). If correct, this
implies that mass generation mechanisms and physics in excited hadrons is very
different as compared to the lowest states. One needs an alternative and
independent experimental information to confirm this conjecture. Using very
general chiral symmetry arguments it is shown that strict chiral restoration in
a given excited nucleon forbids its decay into the N \pi channel. Hence those
excited nucleons which are assumed from the spectroscopic patterns to be in
approximate chiral multiplets must only "weakly" decay into the N \pi channel,
(f_{N^*N\pi}/f_{NN\pi})^2 << 1. However, those baryons which have no chiral
partner must decay strongly with a decay constant comparable with f_{NN\pi}.
Decay constants can be extracted from the existing decay widths and branching
ratios. It turnes out that for all those well established excited nucleons
which can be classified into chiral doublets N_+(1440) - N_-(1535), N_+(1710) -
N_-(1650), N_+(1720) - N_-(1700), N_+(1680) - N_-(1675), N_+(2220) - N_-(2250),
N_+(?) - N_-(2190), N_+(?) - N_-(2600), the ratio is (f_{N^*N\pi}/f_{NN\pi})^2
~ 0.1 or much smaller for the high-spin states. In contrast, the only well
established excited nucleon for which the chiral partner cannot be identified
from the spectroscopic data, N(1520), has a decay constant into the N\pi
channel that is comparable with f_{NN\pi}. This gives an independent
experimental verification of the chiral symmetry restoration scenario.Comment: 4 pp. A new footnote with an alternative proof of impossibility of
parity doublet decay into pi + N is added. To appear in Phys. Rev. Let
On the treatment of threshold effects in SUSY spectrum computations
We take a critical view of the treatment of threshold effects in SUSY
spectrum computations from high-scale input. We discuss the two principal
methods of (a) renormalization at a common SUSY scale versus (b) integrating
out sparticles at their own mass scales. We point out problems in the
implementations in public spectrum codes, together with suggestions for
improvements. In concrete examples, we compare results of Isajet7.72 and
Spheno2.2.3, and present the improvements done in Isajet7.73. We also comment
on theoretical uncertainties. Last but not least, we outline how a consistent
multiscale approach may be achieved.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur
Numerical indications of a q-generalised central limit theorem
We provide numerical indications of the -generalised central limit theorem
that has been conjectured (Tsallis 2004) in nonextensive statistical mechanics.
We focus on binary random variables correlated in a {\it scale-invariant}
way. The correlations are introduced by imposing the Leibnitz rule on a
probability set based on the so-called -product with . We show
that, in the large limit (and after appropriate centering, rescaling, and
symmetrisation), the emerging distributions are -Gaussians, i.e., , with , and
with coefficients approaching finite values . The
particular case recovers the celebrated de Moivre-Laplace theorem.Comment: Minor improvements and corrections have been introduced in the new
version. 7 pages including 4 figure
Resonant Leptogenesis and Verifiable Seesaw from Large Extra Dimensions
In the presence of large extra dimensions, the fundamental scale could be as
low as a few TeV. This yields leptogenesis and seesaw at a TeV scale.
Phenomenologically two TeV-scale Majorana fermions with a small mass split can
realize a resonant leptogenesis whereas a TeV-scale Higgs triplet with a small
trilinear coupling to the standard model Higgs doublet can give a verifiable
seesaw. We propose an interesting scenario where the small parameters for the
resonant leptogenesis and the type-II seesaw can be simultaneously generated by
the propagation of lepton number violation from distant branes to our world.Comment: 5 pages. More discussions and references. Published in PR
- …