Re United Cork Linoleum & Plastic Workers, Local 380, and Union Carbide Canada Ltd

Employee Grievance claiming improper application of seniority provisions. The issues in this case are therefore: Where the company has the right under the collective agreement to deny promotion to the grievor, who is the senior man, on the ground that he does not satisfy educational qualifications unilaterally prescribed by the company. If the company is successful in issue, can it be said that the grievor does not in fact have the qualifications prescribed by the company in this case

The principal soil areas of Iowa

All the soils of Iowa without exception are, in respect to their origin, referable to one or the other of four easily distinguishable classes, which, are to be found in plainly marked areas. These are: 1. Geest, or soils resulting from the secular decay of indurated rocks. 2. Soils Of Fluviatile Origin, or stream made soils (alluvium). 3. Soils Of Aeolian Origin, or wind made soils (loess). 4. Soils Of Glacial Origin, or ice made soils (till)

The principal soil areas of Iowa

All the soils of Iowa without exception are, in respect to their origin, referable to one or the other of four easily distinguishable classes, which, are to be found in plainly marked areas. These are: 1. Geest, or soils resulting from the secular decay of indurated rocks. 2. Soils Of Fluviatile Origin, or stream made soils (alluvium). 3. Soils Of Aeolian Origin, or wind made soils (loess). 4. Soils Of Glacial Origin, or ice made soils (till)

Does lower cognitive ability predict greater prejudice?

Historically, leading scholars proposed a theoretical negative association between cognitive abilities and prejudice. Until recently, however, the field has been relatively silent on this topic, citing concerns with potential confounds (e.g., education levels). Instead, researchers focused on other individual-difference predictors of prejudice, including cognitive style, personality, negativity bias, and threat. Yet there exists a solid empirical paper trail demonstrating that lower cognitive abilities (e.g., abstract-reasoning skills and verbal, nonverbal, and general intelligence) predict greater prejudice. We discuss how the effects of lower cognitive ability on prejudice are explained (i.e., mediated) by greater endorsement of right-wing socially conservative attitudes. We conclude that the field will benefit from a recognition of, and open discussion about, differences in cognitive abilities between those lower versus higher in prejudice. To advance the scientific discussion, we propose the Cognitive Ability and Style to Evaluation model, which outlines the cognitive psychological underpinnings of ideological belief systems and prejudice

Soil Microbial Community: Understanding the Belowground Network for Sustainable Grassland Management

Key points 1. In addition to the use of conventional methodologies in soil microbial research, molecular techniques are now being applied to gain insights into the soil microbial community; 2. Plant diversity can exert impacts on soil microbial diversity (through root activities and plant litter etc.), but may in itself be significantly altered by soil properties; 3. Soil microbial diversity largely determines the stability of soil ecosystems under biotic and abiotic perturbations. 4. Management of soil microbial diversity can only be achieved through better understanding their structures and functions

Soil Microbial Community: Understanding the Belowground Network for Sustainable Grassland Management

In addition to the use of conventional methodologies in soil microbial research, molecular techniques are now being applied to gain insights into the soil microbial community; Plant diversity can exert impacts on soil microbial diversity (through root activities and plant litter etc.), but may in itself be significantly altered by soil properties; Soil microbial diversity largely determines the stability of soil ecosystems under biotic and abiotic perturbations. Management of soil microbial diversity can only be achieved through better understanding their structures and functions

First Space-Based Microlens Parallax Measurement: Spitzer Observations of OGLE-2005-SMC-001

We combine Spitzer and ground-based observations to measure the microlens parallax of OGLE-2005-SMC-001, the first such space-based determination since S. Refsdal proposed the idea in 1966. The parallax measurement yields a projected velocity \tilde v ~ 230 km/s, the typical value expected for halo lenses, but an order of magnitude smaller than would be expected for lenses lying in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) itself. The lens is a weak (i.e., non-caustic-crossing) binary, which complicates the analysis considerably but ultimately contributes additional constraints. Using a test proposed by Assef et al. (2006), which makes use only of kinematic information about different populations but does not make any assumptions about their respective mass functions, we find that the likelihood ratio is L_halo/L_SMC = 20. Hence, halo lenses are strongly favored but SMC lenses are not definitively ruled out. Similar Spitzer observations of additional lenses toward the Magellanic Clouds would clarify the nature of the lens population. The Space Interferometry Mission could make even more constraining measurements.Comment: ApJ, in press. Text and figures are updated to match the journal versio