Lateral and longitudinal aerodynamic stability and control parameters of the basic vortex flap research aircraft as determined from flight test data

The aerodynamics of the basic F-106B were determined at selected points in the flight envelope. The test aircraft and flight procedures were presented. Aircraft instrumentation and the data system were discussed. The parameter extraction procedure was presented along with a discussion of the test flight results. The results were used to predict the aircraft motions for maneuvers that were not used to determine the vehicle aerodynamics. The control inputs used to maneuver the aircraft to get data for the determination of the aerodynamic parameters were discussed in the flight test procedures. The results from the current flight tests were compared with the results from wind tunnel test of the basic F-106B

Species composition and classification of forest vegetation at the John T. Nickel Family Nature and Wildlife Preserve, Cherokee County, Oklahoma

The deciduous forests of Oklahoma are situated in a unique biogeographic position on the western fringe of the eastern deciduous forest. In this study, we describe the forest associations from a site in the Oklahoma Ozarks. Thirty-nine tree species were recorded from fifty plots. Tree species with the highest importance values were Pinus echinatus, Quercus marilandica, Q. velutina, Q. stellata, and Q. rubra. Based on interpretation of Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling results, five forest vegetation associations were identified: Carya cordiformis -Q. stellata, P. echinata -Q. stellata, P. echinata -Q. velutina, Q. alba -Q. rubra, and Q. marilandica -Q. velutina

Process Optimization of Bismaleimide (BMI) Resin Infused Carbon Fiber Composite

Engineers today are presented with the opportunity to design and build the next generation of space vehicles out of the lightest, strongest, and most durable materials available. Composites offer excellent structural characteristics and outstanding reliability in many forms that will be utilized in future aerospace applications including the Commercial Crew and Cargo Program and the Orion space capsule. NASA's Composites for Exploration (CoEx) project researches the various methods of manufacturing composite materials of different fiber characteristics while using proven infusion methods of different resin compositions. Development and testing on these different material combinations will provide engineers the opportunity to produce optimal material compounds for multidisciplinary applications. Through the CoEx project, engineers pursue the opportunity to research and develop repair patch procedures for damaged spacecraft. Working in conjunction with Raptor Resins Inc., NASA engineers are utilizing high flow liquid infusion molding practices to manufacture high-temperature composite parts comprised of intermediate modulus 7 (IM7) carbon fiber material. IM7 is a continuous, high-tensile strength composite with outstanding structural qualities such as high shear strength, tensile strength and modulus as well as excellent corrosion, creep, and fatigue resistance. IM7 carbon fiber, combined with existing thermoset and thermoplastic resin systems, can provide improvements in material strength reinforcement and deformation-resistant properties for high-temperature applications. Void analysis of the different layups of the IM7 material discovered the largest total void composition within the [ +45 , 90 , 90 , -45 ] composite panel. Tensile and compressional testing proved the highest mechanical strength was found in the [0 4] layup. This paper further investigates the infusion procedure of a low-cost/high-performance BMI resin into an IM7 carbon fiber material and the optical, chemical, and mechanical analyses performed

Principal scientific results of the Surveyor 3 Mission

The fine lunar surface material at the Surveyor 3 landing site has about 3 × 10^3-dyne/cm^2 cohesion, 35° angle of internal friction, 3 × 10^5-dyne/cm^2 static bearing capacity. A small rock withstood a local pressure of 2 × 10^7 dynes/cm^2. Soil strength and density increase significantly at depths of a few centimeters. Exposed surface has a considerably higher albedo than the material just below it. The photometric function changed when the surface was slightly compressed. Fine surface material appears to be gradually moving downslope

Principal science results from Surveyor 5

The area of Mare Tranquillitatis in which Surveyor 5 landed appears to be similar to sites in Oceanus Procellarum. The gross elemental composition of the surface material and its response to a magnet are similar to those of a basalt. The debris layer appears to consist of aggregates of the order of 1 cm in diameter consisting of fine grains and set in a matrix of less-coherent fine grains (most of them 2 to 60 μ in diameter) mixed with some rocky fragments 1 mm and larger. The static bearing strength is less than 10^4 dynes/cm^2 for the upper few millimeters and averages approximately 3 × 10^5 dynes/cm^2 for the upper few centimeters. The evidence suggests that chemical differentiation has occurred in the moon, probably owing to internal heat sources; this is consistent with the hypothesis that the maria are basaltic volcanic flows

Rare Copy Number Variants in \u3cem\u3eNRXN1\u3c/em\u3e and \u3cem\u3eCNTN6\u3c/em\u3e Increase Risk for Tourette Syndrome

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a model neuropsychiatric disorder thought to arise from abnormal development and/or maintenance of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits. TS is highly heritable, but its underlying genetic causes are still elusive, and no genome-wide significant loci have been discovered to date. We analyzed a European ancestry sample of 2,434 TS cases and 4,093 ancestry-matched controls for rare (\u3c 1% frequency) copy-number variants (CNVs) using SNP microarray data. We observed an enrichment of global CNV burden that was prominent for large (\u3e 1 Mb), singleton events (OR = 2.28, 95% CI [1.39–3.79], p = 1.2 × 10−3) and known, pathogenic CNVs (OR = 3.03 [1.85–5.07], p = 1.5 × 10−5). We also identified two individual, genome-wide significant loci, each conferring a substantial increase in TS risk (NRXN1 deletions, OR = 20.3, 95% CI [2.6–156.2]; CNTN6 duplications, OR = 10.1, 95% CI [2.3–45.4]). Approximately 1% of TS cases carry one of these CNVs, indicating that rare structural variation contributes significantly to the genetic architecture of TS

A Herpesvirus Encoded Deubiquitinase Is a Novel Neuroinvasive Determinant

The neuroinvasive property of several alpha-herpesviruses underlies an uncommon infectious process that includes the establishment of life-long latent infections in sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Several herpesvirus proteins are required for replication and dissemination within the nervous system, indicating that exploiting the nervous system as a niche for productive infection requires a specialized set of functions encoded by the virus. Whether initial entry into the nervous system from peripheral tissues also requires specialized viral functions is not known. Here we show that a conserved deubiquitinase domain embedded within a pseudorabies virus structural protein, pUL36, is essential for initial neural invasion, but is subsequently dispensable for transmission within and between neurons of the mammalian nervous system. These findings indicate that the deubiquitinase contributes to neurovirulence by participating in a previously unrecognized initial step in neuroinvasion