9,342 research outputs found
An integrated study of earth resources in the State of California based on Skylab and supporting aircraft data
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
Optimal Moments for the Analysis of Peculiar Velocity Surveys II: Testing
Analyses of peculiar velocity surveys face several challenges, including low
signal--to--noise in individual velocity measurements and the presence of
small--scale, nonlinear flows. This is the second in a series of papers in
which we describe a new method of overcoming these problems by using data
compression as a filter with which to separate large--scale, linear flows from
small--scale noise that can bias results. We demonstrate the effectiveness of
our method using realistic catalogs of galaxy velocities drawn from N--body
simulations. Our tests show that a likelihood analysis of simulated catalogs
that uses all of the information contained in the peculiar velocities results
in a bias in the estimation of the power spectrum shape parameter and
amplitude , and that our method of analysis effectively removes this
bias. We expect that this new method will cause peculiar velocity surveys to
re--emerge as a useful tool to determine cosmological parameters.Comment: 28 pages, 9 figure
Optimal Moments for the Analysis of Peculiar Velocity Surveys
We present a new method for the analysis of peculiar velocity surveys which
removes contributions to velocities from small scale, nonlinear velocity modes
while retaining information about large scale motions. Our method utilizes
Karhunen--Lo\`eve methods of data compression to construct a set of moments out
of the velocities which are minimally sensitive to small scale power. The set
of moments are then used in a likelihood analysis. We develop criteria for the
selection of moments, as well as a statistic to quantify the overall
sensitivity of a set of moments to small scale power. Although we discuss our
method in the context of peculiar velocity surveys, it may also prove useful in
other situations where data filtering is required.Comment: 25 Pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Ap
Visual crowding is unaffected by adaptation-induced spatial compression
It has recently been shown that adapting to a densely textured stimulus alters the perception of visual space, such that the distance between two points subsequently presented in the adapted region appears reduced (Hisakata, Nishida, & Johnston, 2016). We asked whether this form of adaptation-induced spatial compression alters visual crowding. To address this question, we first adapted observers to a dynamic dot texture presented within an annular region surrounding the test location. Following adaptation, observers perceived a test array comprised of multiple oriented dot dipoles as spatially compressed, resulting in an overall reduction in perceived size. We then tested to what extent this spatial compression influences crowding by measuring orientation discrimination of a single dipole flanked by randomly oriented dipoles across a range of separations. Following adaptation, we found that the magnitude of crowding was predicted by the physical-rather than perceptual-separation between centre and flanking dipoles. These findings contrast with previous studies in which crowding has been shown to increase when motion-induced position shifts act to reduce apparent separation (Dakin, Greenwood, Carlson, & Bex, 2011; Maus, Fischer, & Whitney, 2011)
Donor pretreatment with FLT-3 ligand augments anti-donor CTL, NK and LAK cell activities within liver allografts and alters the pattern of intragraft apoptotic activity
Determining the phonon DOS from specific heat measurements via maximum entropy methods
The maximum entropy and reverse Monte-Carlo methods are applied to the
computation of the phonon density of states (DOS) from heat capacity data. The
approach is introduced and the formalism is described. Simulated data is used
to test the method, and its sensitivity to noise. Heat capacity measurements
from diamond are used to demonstrate the use of the method with experimental
data. Comparison between maximum entropy and reverse Monte-Carlo results shows
the form of the entropy used here is correct, and that results are stable and
reliable. Major features of the DOS are picked out, and acoustic and optical
phonons can be treated with the same approach. The treatment set out in this
paper provides a cost-effective and reliable method for studies of the phonon
properties of materials.Comment: Reprint to improve access. 10 pages, 6 figure
Einstein Cluster Alignments Revisited
We have examined whether the major axes of rich galaxy clusters tend to point
toward their nearest neighboring cluster. We have used the data of Ulmer,
McMillan, and Kowalski, who used position angles based on X-ray morphology. We
also studied a subset of this sample with updated positions and distances from
the MX Northern Abell Cluster Survey (for rich clusters () with well
known redshifts). A Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test showed no significant signal
for nonrandom angles on any scale Mpc. However, refining the
null hypothesis with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, we found a high confidence
signal for alignment. Confidence levels increase to a high of 99.997% as only
near neighbors which are very close are considered. We conclude there is a
strong alignment signal in the data, consistent with gravitational instability
acting on Gaussian perturbations.Comment: Minor revisions. To be published in Ap
Electronic Structure of Three-Dimensional Superlattices Subject to Tilted Magnetic Fields
Full quantum-mechanical description of electrons moving in 3D structures with
unidirectional periodic modulation subject to tilted magnetic fields requires
an extensive numerical calculation. To understand magneto-oscillations in such
systems it is in many cases sufficient to use the quasi-classical approach, in
which the zero-magnetic-field Fermi surface is considered as a
magnetic-field-independent rigid body in k-space and periods of oscillations
are related to extremal cross-sections of the Fermi surface cut by planes
perpendicular to the magnetic-field direction. We point out cases where the
quasi-classical treatment fails and propose a simple tight-binding
fully-quantum-mechanical model of the superlattice electronic structure.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, RevTex, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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