Organic Farming In Banana And Guava

India is the second largest producer of fruits in the world. With the increasing population, the cultivable land resource is shrinking day to day. Green Revolution in the post- independence era has shown path to developing countries for self- sufficiency in food but sustaining agricultural production against the finite natural resource base demands has shifted from the “resource degrading” chemical agriculture to a “resource protective” biological or organic farming. The major component of organic farming is: manures, green manures, intercropping, mulching, vermiculture biotechnology, bio fertilizers, biodynamic farming, bio control etc. Application of bio-fertilizer was more effective than organic manures in enhancing fruit growth parameters. When bio-fertilizer was grouped together in Red Fleshed guava and banana cv. grand nine, P-solubilizers were found to have more beneficial influence on fruit physico- chemical characteristics than that of N-fixers

Bilinear generating relations for a family of q-polynomials and generalized basic hypergeometric functions

In this paper, we derive a bilinear q-generating function involving basic analogue of Fox's H-function and a general class of q-hypergeometric polynomials. Applications of the main results are also illustrated

Study on fetomaternal outcome in antepartum haemorrhage

Background: Any bleeding from or into the genital tract after the period of viability, but before the birth of the baby is termed as antepartum haemorrhage (APH).Methods: 110 cases of bleeding per vaginal (pv) after 28 weeks of gestation were studied retrospectively from August 2018 to June 2019 and were grouped as placenta previa, placental abruption and indeterminate.Results: 35.45% cases were of placenta previa, 53.63% cases were of placental abruption and 10.90% cases were of indeterminate. Majority were delivered by lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) and most of the cases required blood transfusion.Conclusions: APH cannot reliably be predicted .It is major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Multidisciplinary approach and senior input is necessary in making decision about timing and mode of delivery. Presently increase in use of ultrasonography (USG) for placental localisation and to diagnose abruption, improved obstetrical and anesthetic facilities, increase in use in blood products to correct anemia and advanced neonatal care facilities, all of these have played important role in decreasing perinatal as well as maternal mortality and morbidit

Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with HELLP syndrome

Background: HELLP Syndrome is a serious complication of pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders. It is defined as a triad of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP). Objectives of this study was to find out incidence of HELLP syndrome in pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and its overall incidence. To analyse the clinical profile of HELLP syndrome. To study maternal and perinatal outcome including morbidity and mortality.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from July 2017 to September 2019 at a tertiary care center with inclusion criteria of abnormal peripheral blood smear, elevated liver enzymes (LDH, aspartate aminotransferase), and low platelet count.Results: HELLP syndrome was more common in younger age group (45%) and in primigravida (52.5%). Most of the patients presented at >36 weeks of gestation (40%) and most of the patients delivered by caesarean section (67.5%). Maternal complications were acute renal failure (27.5%), DIC (22.5%), maternal mortality (7.5%). Neonatal complications associated were intrauterine death (27.5%), prematurity (25%) and intrauterine growth retardation (15%).Conclusions: Thus, HELLP syndrome requires an early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment at tertiary care center with all the medical facilities available

Fetomaternal outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined as increased blood glucose level due to defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Undiagnosed or inadequately treated diabetes mellitus during pregnancy can lead to significant maternal and fetal complications. The study was conducted to review feto-maternal outcome in pregnancy with diabetes and to plan management of pregnancy with diabetes and to study the modalities for treatment of DM in pregnancy.Methods: A prospective case study was conducted from July 2015 to December 2018 at a tertiary care center. Study group used single step 75gm oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) test recommended by WHO for GDM diagnosis.Results: GDM (85%) was more common than overt diabetes (15%) and in younger age group (53.75%) and Multiparous patients (18.2%). Most of patients required insulin (81.2%) for treatment of DM during pregnancy along with medical nutrition therapy and exercise. Most common association in this patient was hypertension (41%). Rate of caesarean section (60%) was more common. Average birth weight was of >3.5 kg, intrauterine death (4.2%), preterm delivery (14.2%) and admission to NICU were also common.Conclusions: There was significant fetomaternal morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis and treatment reduces the fetomaternal outcome

An overview of the predictors of symptomatic urinary tract infection among nursing students

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection experienced by humans after respiratory and gastro‑intestinal infections, and also the most common cause of nosocomial infections for patients admitted to hospitals indeed UTIs are the most frequent bacterial infection in women. Aim: The aim was to determine the prevalence of UTI and to identify factors associated with an increased risk of UTI among nursing students. Subjects and Methods: The cross‑sectional study involved 177 unmarried nursing students aged 18–30 years studying in the SRMSIMS, Nursing College Bareilly. A structured questionnaire was used, and study subjects were asked regarding the symptoms of UTI in the previous 3 months. Chi‑square test and Univariate Logistic Regression was used to analyze the data. Results: The overall prevalence of UTI was found to be 19.8% (35/177). Rural background, inadequate water intake, and unsatisfactory toilet habits were found to be strong predictors of UTI. Conclusions: There is an urgent need to sensitize the nursing students regarding the growing need of the issue so that they themselves become aware in addition to raising the awareness of other high‑risk groups.Keywords: Nursing students, Prevalence, Urinary tract infectio

Polyethylene Maleate Copolyesters as Coating Materials for Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal-based Chemical Sensors

Polyethylene maleate (PEM) was synthesised by direct polycondensation of maleic anhydride and ethylene glycol in toluene under reflux usingp-toluene sulphonic acid as a catalyst. Structure of PEM was further modified by varying nature of diols and acid components, chain length of glycols, incorporation of aromatic and fluorine groups in the chain. Formation of PEM was monitored by gas chromatography. The parameters like degree of polymerisation, number average molecular weight (Mn), and weight average molecular weight (Mw) were calculated from the extent of reaction and stoichiometric ratio of the reactants. The number average molecular weight was also determined using Knauer vapour pressure osmometer. Cohesive energy, volume, and solubility parameters of PEM-based copolyesters were calculated by group contribution method. These PEM-based copolyesters’ have been evaluated as sorbent-coating materials for the detection of organ0 phosphorus(OP)compo using dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP) as model compound and piezoelectric crystal detector. PEMbisphenol A is found to be the most sensitive and potential coating material for the detection of OP compounds using piezoelectric crystal detector. Potential PEM-based copolyesters have been characterised by viscosity, infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, Mn and thermal stability

Higher order antibunching is not a rare phenomenon

Since the introduction of higher order nonclassical effects, higher order squeezing has been reported in a number of different physical systems but higher order antibunching is predicted only in three particular cases. In the present work, we have shown that the higher order antibunching is not a rare phenomenon rather it can be seen in many simple optical processes. To establish our claim, we have shown it in six wave mixing process, four wave mixing process and in second harmonic generation process.Comment: 6 pages, no figure, Latex 2

A non-degenerate optical parametric oscillator as a high-flux source for quantum lithography

We investigate the use of a non-degenerate parametric oscillator (NDPO) as a source for quantum lithography, for which the light can have high-flux and strong non-classical features. This builds on the proposal of Boto, et al. [A. N. Boto, et al., PRL (85), 2733 (2000)], for etching simple patterns on multi-photon absorbing materials with sub-Rayleigh resolution, using special two-mode entangled states of light. An NDPO has two outgoing modes differentiated by polarization or direction of propagation, but sharing the same optical frequency. We derive analytical expressions for the multi-photon absorption rates when the NDPO is operated below, near, and above its threshold. The resulting interference patterns are characterized by an effective wavelength half that for the illuminating modes. We compare our results with those for the case of a high-gain optical amplifier source, and discuss the relative merit of the NDPO

A MULTIPURPOSE AND NOVEL CARRIER FOR DRUG DELIVERY AND TARGETING - VIROSOMES

There is presently passionate investigation bustle aimed at the improvement of new delivery systems for vaccines. The aspiration is to identify best possible methods for presenting target antigens to the immune system in a manner that will elicit immune responses appropriate for protection against, or treatment of, a specific disease. Virosomes are biocompatible, biodegradable, nontoxic, and non-autoimmunogenic, attempts have been made to use them as vaccines or adjuvant as well as delivery systems for drugs, nucleic acids, or genes for therapeutic purposes. Influenza virus is the most common virus of choice. There are at present numerous factors that are creating pressure to develop delivery systems for vaccines. First, in the existing regulatory milieu, there is a budding prerequisite to build up vaccines that are very well defined in molecular requisites. Unambiguous targeting and liberation as well as the display of antigens on the surface of Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are key issues in the blueprint and improvement of new-generation vaccines intended at the initiation of both humoral and cell mediated immunity. Prophylactic vaccination in opposition to infectious diseases in general aims at the generation of humoral immune responses to prevent infection. However, mmunization with live vaccines bears the peril of causing ailment. For that reason, unconventional vaccine delivery systems are must to produce better immune response. Virosomal technology presents a fresh urbane delivery system to congregate these challenges. On the whole, virosomes guard pharmaceutically active substances from proteolytic dilapidation and low pH within endosomes, allowing their contents to linger intact when they get in touch with the cytoplasm. This is a foremost benefit of virosomal transporter systems over other drug-delivery vehicles, including liposomal and proteoliposomal carrier systems.Â