Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of Salivary Proteins for Oral Diseases

ABSTRACT Saliva is responsible for the formation of the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP), a protein integument formed as a result of selective adsorption of salivary proteins to the enamel surface. The AEP demonstrates an important role for modulating dental erosion as a result of its physical properties, along with its salivary and exogenous protein composition (Chapter 2). In addition, individual proteins that comprise the AEP have important physiological functions. Histatin 5 (H5) has potent antifungal effect against C. albicans, the yeast responsible for the initiation of oral candidiasis. We designed an in vitro model and found, for the first time, that H5 adhered in the form of pellicle retains its antifungal activity on C. albicans (Chapter 3). As a pellicle precursor protein, H5 demonstrates high affinity for hydroxyapatite, the primary mineral component of enamel. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to determine adhesion forces between H5 and the hydroxyapatite surface to be stronger compared to our protein control, albumin. This knowledge can be applied in the design of therapeutic proteins, and the methodology that we developed can be used for measuring adhesion forces between various other proteins and substrates of interest (Chapter 4). Finally, with the development of proteomics instruments, researchers have identified some protein biomarkers, hidden within salivary fluids. These can be used for diagnostic dentistry, in a clinical setting to identify patients’ susceptibility of developing oral diseases. In addition, the delivery proteins with antimicrobial properties via toothpastes or oral rinses can have tremendous therapeutic potential for a multitude of oral diseases (Chapter 5)

Webmark: pour une approche contextuelle de la référence en ligne

International audienceAvec les évolutions du Web, penser l'URL comme un simple accès à une information est insuffisant. Le couple URI/Ressource offre un éventail référentiel considérable qu'il serait dommage de ne pas exploiter. Il faut donc faire abstraction des anciens modèles et repenser certaines pratiques. La ressource nommée par une URI et telle qu'elle est définie par le W3C est un objet abstrait qui peut être informationnel ou non. Quelle serait la signification d'un signet sur l'URI d'un concept ? Peut-on imaginer d'autres usages de la référence que l'accès à un contenu ? Quelle est la nature profonde de la référence du le Web à présent? La compréhension profonde de la ressource Web et des URI nous permet entre autre de mieux cerner l'objet que l'internaute souhaite indexer et de lui permettre d'expliciter au mieux son intérêt pour les différentes ressources accessibles. Ainsi, nous pourrons lui proposer des outils de gestion le plus appropriés que ceux disponibles actuellement

INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON YIELD AND PROFITABILITY OF QUINCE BRANDY PRODUCTION

The aim of this study was to show how climatic conditions could affect the yield and profitability of quince brandy production. The study was conducted using various methods such as content analysis, analytical methods, interview and direct observation. In addition, hypothetical-deductive method, statistical methods and descriptive methods were also used. Data were obtained from different sources i.e. the internal documentation of agricultural holding where the quince, as a raw material for production of brandy was produced, the internal documentation of distillery, as well as professional literature and the internet. The analysis was done for the period 2013 - 2016. The study showed that climatic conditions can affect the yield and profitability of quince brandy production, and the production of quince brandy in analyzed years was profitable

Clarification of red raspberry juice using microfiltration with gas backwashing: a viable strategy to maximize permeate flux and minimize a loss of anthocyanins

Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) juice was produced by maceration of raspberry pulp at 50 °C for 2 h using 400 mg kg Klerzyme150 enzymatic pectolitic preparation followed by raw juice clarification with gelatin and bentonite or cross-flow membrane filtration. A minimal loss of anthocyanins from 630 to 540 mg l was obtained when the juice was clarified using a ceramic multichannel microfilter (MF) with a pore size of 0.2 μm. A light transmission at 625 nm in MF permeate was above 85% and the residual pectin (900 mg l) was completely removed. During ultrafiltration through ceramic or polysulfone membranes with a molecular weight cut-off of 30-300 kDa, the content of anthocyanins was reduced to 220-370 mg l, but a light transmission at 625 nm was as high as 96%. The permeate flux in MF was maintained at high values above 170 l m h at 3 bar for more than 2 h by backwashing the membrane with a compressed air every 6 min for 1 min. The cake compression at high pressures was avoided by short filtration times between backwashing

Permeate flux and fouling resistance in ultrafiltration of depectinized apple juice using ceramic membranes

Raw depectinized apple juice was clarified in a laboratory scale ultrafiltration system using ceramic tubular membranes (Tech-Sep Carbosep) with a molecular weight cut-off of 300,000, 50,000, and 30,000 Da. The experiments have been carried out over a wide range of transmembrane pressures (100–400 kPa), temperatures (20–55 °C), and feed flow rates (100–900 ml/min). Permeate flux significantly decreased with time until a steady-state was established. The steady-state permeate flux reached a maximum at a transmembrane pressure of about 200 kPa. Higher permeate flux was obtained at higher temperatures due to lower permeate viscosity. The steady-state permeate flux was proportional to the feed flow rate raised to powers ranging between 0.22 and 0.31. All the membranes studied produced the clarified juice with a satisfactory clarity and color intensity value

Investigations of hydrodynamic permeability of ceramic and polysulfone membranes for microfiltration and ultrafiltration

The aim of this research was to compare the hydraulic resistance of several commercial ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes. The hydraulic resistance for each membrane was calculated from the pure water permeation data collected at various transmembrane pressures and temperatures to check the effects of these parameters on the membrane resistance. The experiments have been carried out in a laboratory crossflow UF/MF equipment for clarification of fruit juices. This paper introduces the experimental results showing the influence of operating parameters, such as feed flow rate, temperature, pressure difference in the microfiltration and ultrafiltration through the ceramic Kerasep membrane (pore size 0.2 μm, Tech-Sep, Miribel, France), Carbosep M9 and M7 membrane (molecular weight cut-off of 300 and 30 kg/mol, Tech-Sep, Miribel, France) and polysulfone membranes (molecular weight cut-off of 30 kg/mol, Frenesius, Germany). The results confirmed our earlier work [1] but we provide here many additional results. The hydraulic resistance Rm was 0.65, 3.56, and 0.05 × 1013 1/m for Carbosep M7, Carbosep M9 and Kerasep membrane, respectively. The hydraulic resistance of these membranes does not depend on the operating pressure, which means that the membranes are incompressible. The hydraulic resistance of a polysulfone hollow fiber membrane slightly increased with increasing the applied pressure difference. The Rm values were in the range of (0.61 – 0.92) ⋅1013 1/m, and the applied pressure difference was in the range of (0.225 – 0.900) bar, which is an indication that this membrane was compressible

Uticaj načina rezidbe na prinos i kvalitet grožđa sorte kaberne sovinjon u levačkom vinogorju

The Levack vineyard were carried out in the period of 2012-2013. In tests of the impact of pruning on yield and quality of grape varieties Cabernet Sauvignon. Applied breeding form and pruning methods have demonstrated a significant impact on the variation of the studied indicators. Load per vine fruitful buds positively influenced the movement of the number of developed shoots, number of developed clusters, the yield of grape per vine and per hectare, while preserving vegetative potential of vines and grape quality. As the most suitable proved to be a load of 10 buds per m2 or 26 buds per vine.Vršena su uporedna izučavanja uticaja načina rezidbe i stepena opterećenja čokota rodnim okcima na rastenje, rodnost i kvalitet grožđa sorte kaberne sovinjon u levačkom vinogorju

Prinos i kvalitet grožđa sorte Kaberne Sovinjon u agroekološkim uslovima Levačkog vinogorja

In the agro-ecological conditions Levač vineyards studied the yield and quality of grape varieties Cabernet Sauvignon. Investigations were carried out in the vineyard production of individual manufacturers in the locality Lepojević. During the period ruled by favorable weather conditions for the expression of biological and technological characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon, which is of particular interest in viticulture and wine production, as one of a group of varieties for the production of high quality wines. The quality of the grapes, which is obtained in terms Levac vineyards suitable for the production of quality red wines. Grape yield varies from 7.4 kg ha-1 to 7.68 kg ha-1. The sugar content in grape juice average 22.05%, and total acid 7.54 gl-1.U agroekološkim uslovima levačkog vinogorja izučavan je prinos i kvalitet grožđa sorte kaberne sovinjon. Istraživanja su obavljena u proizvodnom vinogradu individualnog proizvođača u lokalitetu Lepojević. U istraživanom periodu vladali su povoljni meteorološki uslovi za ispoljavanje bioloških i tehnoloških osobenosti sorte kaberne sovinjon koja je od posebnog interesa za vinogradarsku i vinarsku proizvodnju, kao jedna iz grupe sorti za proizvodnju vrhunskih vina. Kvalitet grožđa koji se dobija u uslovima levačkog vinogorja odgovarajući je za proizvodnju kvalitertni i vrhunskih crvenih vina. Prinos grožđa varira od 7.4 kgha-1 do 7.68 kgha-1. Sadržaj šećera u grožđanom soku prosečno iznosi 22.05 %, a u ukupnih kiselina 7.54 g/l-1

Agrobiološka svojstva sorte Frankovka u Kragujevačkom vinogorju

This paper presents the results of the study of some agrobiological properties Frankovka variety in terms of Kragujevac vineyard. Vinograd was built in 2008 and is in the phase of increasing fertility. Planting distance is 2.5 x 1.0 m.The study period was dominated by favorable weather conditions for the growth and development of the vine. The results indicate that in Kragujevac vineyards there are favorable environmental conditions for growing varieties of Frankovka and achieve the characteristic quality of grapes and wine.U radu su prikazani rezultati proučavanja nekih agrobioloških svojstava sorte Frankovka u uslovima kragujevačkog vinogorja.Vinograd je podignut 2008. godine i nalazi se u fazi rastuće rodnosti. Razmak sadnje je 2.5 x 1.0 m. U periodu ispitivanja bili su povoljni agrometeorološki uslovi za rastenje i razviće vinove loze. Rezultati ispitivanja ukazuju da u kragujevačkom vinogorju postoje povoljni agroekološki uslovi za gajenje sorte Frankovka kao i za postizanje karakterističnog kvaliteta grožđa i vina

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Neurosciences: Novel perspectives and integration

The goal of this review paper is to bring coherence and integration to the broad field of Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) psychotherapy practice based on the constraints of neurosciences. This goal was articulated over 100 years ago but is one that can now be realistically envisioned due to advances in neuroscientific knowledge. In recent years, interdisciplinary research in the field of neurosciences has expanded our knowledge about neurobiological correlates of mental processes and changes occurring in the brain due to therapeutic interventions. Although CBT is an established and efficient treatment for a variety of common mental disorders, a considerable number of patients do not respond to treatment or relapse after successful CBT (Månsson, Lueken &Frick, 2020). Based on the findings and different approaches we will present how neurosciences can offer novel perspectives to better understand: (a) the neurobiological underpinnings of CBT, especially neuroplasticity, (b) cognitive activity contributes to dysfunctional behavior and emotional experience through focusing, selective perception, memory and recall, and characteristic cognitive distortion; on a neurobiological level, there is a relationship between top-down and bottom-up regulation of unpleasant emotional states, (c) how we can enrich CBT with neuroscience-informed techniques (augmentation of CBT), (d) neurosciences and enduring changes (implications for CBT), implications why some patients may respond better to CBT than others, thus paving the way for more personalized and effective treatments. The goal of our paper is also to delineate the mechanisms involved in optimizing the degree and duration of clinical improvement. By translating psychotherapy interventions into brain-based processes, delineating different memory processes and the mechanisms of change associated with each, and understanding the role of emotion in effecting change in interaction with these memory mechanisms, the potential exists to develop a new taxonomy of clinical interventions based on what problems are being targeted, how long they have been in place, how intractable they are, and whether an important goal is to achieve enduring change (Nadel & Lane, 2020). We will introduce some key topics and describe a selection of findings from CBT-related research using tools from neuroscience, with the hope that this will provide clinicians and clinical researchers with a brief and comprehensible overview of the field. Key words: CBT; Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Integration; Personalized therap