5,458 research outputs found
Spin dependent photoelectron tunnelling from GaAs into magnetic Cobalt
The spin dependence of the photoelectron tunnel current from free standing
GaAs films into out-of- plane magnetized Cobalt films is demonstrated. The
measured spin asymmetry (A) resulting from a change in light helicity, reaches
+/- 6% around zero applied tunnel bias and drops to +/- 2% at a bias of -1.6 V
applied to the GaAs. This decrease is a result of the drop in the photoelectron
spin polarization that results from a reduction in the GaAs surface
recombination velocity. The sign of A changes with that of the Cobalt
magnetization direction. In contrast, on a (nonmagnetic) Gold film A ~ 0%
Photoassisted tunneling from free-standing GaAs thin films into metallic surfaces
The tunnel photocurrent between a gold surface and a free-standing
semiconducting thin film excited from the rear by above bandgap light has been
measured as a function of applied bias, tunnel distance and excitation light
power. The results are compared with the predictions of a model which includes
the bias dependence of the tunnel barrier height and the bias-induced decrease
of surface recombination velocity. It is found that i) the tunnel photocurrent
from the conduction band dominates that from surface states. ii) At large
tunnel distance the exponential bias dependence of the current is explained by
that of the tunnel barrier height, while at small distance the change of
surface recombination velocity is dominant
QoS-Aware Fog Computing Resource Allocation using Feasibility-Finding Benders Decomposition
Relative Periodic Solutions of the Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation
A method of finding relative periodic orbits for differential equations with
continuous symmetries is described and its utility demonstrated by computing
relative periodic solutions for the one-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau
equation (CGLE) with periodic boundary conditions. A relative periodic solution
is a solution that is periodic in time, up to a transformation by an element of
the equation's symmetry group. With the method used, relative periodic
solutions are represented by a space-time Fourier series modified to include
the symmetry group element and are sought as solutions to a system of nonlinear
algebraic equations for the Fourier coefficients, group element, and time
period. The 77 relative periodic solutions found for the CGLE exhibit a wide
variety of temporal dynamics, with the sum of their positive Lyapunov exponents
varying from 5.19 to 60.35 and their unstable dimensions from 3 to 8.
Preliminary work indicates that weighted averages over the collection of
relative periodic solutions accurately approximate the value of several
functionals on typical trajectories.Comment: 32 pages, 12 figure
On the deformation morphology of bulk metallic glasses underneath a Vickers indentation
16th International Symposium on Metastable, Amorphous and Nanostructured Materials, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, JUL 05-09, 2009International audienceThe techniques commonly used for observing the deformation mechanisms underneath a Vickers indentation in metallic glasses (chemical etching, bonded interface) induce artefacts such as cracks or semi-circular shear-bands. We propose an alternative technique based on the propagation of indentation corner cracks through a pre-existing imprint, which is possible in metallic glasses such as iron-based compositions. With this procedure, only radial shear-bands are observed. Comparisons between the chemical etching or the bonded interface techniques and the new technique are made. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Zooming in on local level statistics by supersymmetric extension of free probability
We consider unitary ensembles of Hermitian NxN matrices H with a confining
potential NV where V is analytic and uniformly convex. From work by
Zinn-Justin, Collins, and Guionnet and Maida it is known that the large-N limit
of the characteristic function for a finite-rank Fourier variable K is
determined by the Voiculescu R-transform, a key object in free probability
theory. Going beyond these results, we argue that the same holds true when the
finite-rank operator K has the form that is required by the Wegner-Efetov
supersymmetry method of integration over commuting and anti-commuting
variables. This insight leads to a potent new technique for the study of local
statistics, e.g., level correlations. We illustrate the new technique by
demonstrating universality in a random matrix model of stochastic scattering.Comment: 38 pages, 3 figures, published version, minor changes in Section
Direct Simulations of Wind-Driven Breaking Ocean Waves with Data Assimilation
A formulation is developed to assimilate ocean-wave data into the Numerical
Flow Analysis (NFA) code. NFA is a Cartesian-based implicit Large-Eddy
Simulation (LES) code with Volume of Fluid (VOF) interface capturing. The
sequential assimilation of data into NFA permits detailed analysis of
ocean-wave physics with higher bandwidths than is possible using either other
formulations, such as High-Order Spectral (HOS) methods, or field measurements.
A framework is provided for assimilating the wavy and vortical portions of the
flow. Nudging is used to assimilate wave data at low wavenumbers, and the wave
data at high wavenumbers form naturally through nonlinear interactions, wave
breaking, and wind forcing. Similarly, the vertical profiles of the mean
vortical flow in the wind and the wind drift are nudged, and the turbulent
fluctuations are allowed to form naturally. As a demonstration, the results of
a HOS of a JONSWAP wave spectrum are assimilated to study short-crested seas in
equilibrium with the wind. Log profiles are assimilated for the mean wind and
the mean wind drift. The results of the data assimilations are (1) Windrows
form under the action of breaking waves and the formation of swirling jets; (2)
The crosswind and cross drift meander; (3) Swirling jets are organized into
Langmuir cells in the upper oceanic boundary layer; (4) Swirling jets are
organized into wind streaks in the lower atmospheric boundary layer; (5) The
length and time scales of the Langmuir cells and the wind streaks increase away
from the free surface; (6) Wave growth is very dynamic especially for breaking
waves; (7) The effects of the turbulent fluctuations in the upper ocean on wave
growth need to be considered together with the turbulent fluctuations in the
lower atmosphere; and (8) Extreme events are most likely when waves are not in
equilibrium.Comment: 46 pages, 30th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Hobart, Tasmania,
Australia, 2-7 November 201
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