24,736 research outputs found
We’ll be fine. How People in the EU27 View Brexit. eupinions brief | February 2019
The political drama called Brexit leaves observers in London fascinated, appalled
or exhausted. Whereas in the UK, the tension seems to intensify with every twist
and turn the British take on their way out of the European Union, Europeans on the
continent seem to be surprisingly detached. They support their country’s
membership in the EU in ever greater numbers, and calmly carry on with their daily
business. Don’t they think that they will be affected by Brexit? We decided to ask
the
Je t’aime. Moi non plus = I love you. Neither do I. eupinions brief | February 2019
When Emmanuel Macron won the French presidential election with a risky strategy
and against all odds in May 2017, spring seemed to break out in Paris.
New faces, new dynamics, and the promise to do many things differently and thus
better, were in the air and inspired large swathes of the French public.
But the protests of the "yellow vests" have in their intensity and perseverance now
shaken the last optimist. And they’ve reminded us of how deep the trenches
between the political interests in France are – as well as how much energy and
effort it takes to navigate them
Hello, Goodbye. Bertelsmann Stiftung eupinions brief | January 2020
As the United Kingdom is leaving the European Union all eyes are on the eminent
economic effects and future trade negotiations. How the British people feel about
the state of their country at this defining moment of their political history has
received less attention. In this eupinions brief, we examine how British citizens
evaluate the state of their national democracy and the direction of their home
country. We also ask what they expect for their personal lives
Great expectations The New European Commission, its Ambition and European Public Opinion. eupinions 2019/2
The Eurozone crisis has pushed reform of the European Union (EU) to the forefront
of political debate. How can a Union of 28 states with a population of over half a
billion be reformed to weather future economic crises and political challenges?
Finding an answer to this question is extremely difficult not only because current
reform proposals are so varied, but even more so because we lack insights into the
preferences for reform amongst national elites and publics.
Although EU support
has interested scholars for over three decades now, we virtually
know nothing
about public support for EU reform. Current research
focuses
almost
exclusively
on the causes of support for the current project and fails to provide a sufficient
basis for effective reform decisions. Surely, the feasibility
and sustainability of
EU reform crucially hinges on the support amongst national
publics. eupinions
examines public support for EU reform by developing a theoretical model and
employing cutting-edge data collection techniques. Our findings will aid policy
makers to craft EU reform proposals that can secure widespread public support
Self-reported energy intake by FFQ compared with actual energy intake to maintain body weight in 516 adults
It is generally assumed that a FFQ is not suitable to estimate the absolute levels of individual energy intake. However, in epidemiological studies, reported nutrients by FFQ are often corrected for this intake. The objective of the present study was to assess how accurately participants report their energy intakes by FFQ. We compared reported energy intake with actual energy intake needed to maintain stable body weights during eleven controlled dietary trials. FFQ were developed to capture at least 90 % of energy intake. Participants, 342 women and 174 men, with a mean BMI of 22·8 (sd 3·1) kg/m2 filled out the FFQ just before the trials. Energy intakes during the trials were calculated from provided foods and reported free-food items, representing 90 and 10 % of energy intake, respectively. Mean reported energy intake was 97·5 (sd 12·7) % of actual energy intake during the trials; it was 98·9 (sd 15·2) % for women and 94·7 (sd 16·3) % for men (P = 0·004 for difference between sexes). Correlation coefficients between reported and actual energy intakes were 0·82 for all participants, 0·74 for women and 0·80 for men. Individual reported energy intake as a percentage of actual intake ranged from 56·3 to 159·6 % in women and from 43·8 to 151·0 % in men. In conclusion, the FFQ appeared to be accurate for estimating the mean level of energy intakes of these participants and for ranking them according to their intake. However, the large differences found on the individual level may affect the results of epidemiological studies in an unknown direction if nutrients are corrected for energy intakes reported by FF
ISM composition through X-ray spectroscopy of LMXBs
The diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) is an integral part of the evolution of
the entire Galaxy. Metals are produced by stars and their abundances are the
direct testimony of the history of stellar evolution. However, the interstellar
dust composition is not well known and the total abundances are yet to be
accurately determined. We probe ISM dust composition, total abundances, and
abundance gradients through the study of interstellar absorption features in
the high-resolution X-ray spectra of Galactic low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs).
We use high-quality grating spectra of nine LMXBs taken with XMM-Newton. We
measure the column densities of O, Ne, Mg, and Fe with an empirical model and
estimate the Galactic abundance gradients. The column densities of the neutral
gas species are in agreement with those found in the literature. Solids are a
significant reservoir of metals like oxygen and iron. Respectively, 15-25 % and
65-90 % of the total amount of O I and Fe I is found in dust. The dust amount
and mixture seem to be consistent along all the lines-of-sight (LOS). Our
estimates of abundance gradients and predictions of local interstellar
abundances are in agreement with those measured at longer wavelengths. Our work
shows that X-ray spectroscopy is a very powerful method to probe the ISM. For
instance, on a large scale the ISM appears to be chemically homogeneous showing
similar gas ionization ratios and dust mixtures. The agreement between the
abundances of the ISM and the stellar objects suggests that the local Galaxy is
also chemically homogeneous.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables, accepted to A&
Right-handed charged currents in the era of the Large Hadron Collider
We discuss the phenomenology of right-handed charged currents in the
framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, in which they arise due
to a single gauge-invariant dimension-six operator. We study the manifestations
of the nine complex couplings of the to right-handed quarks in collider
physics, flavor physics, and low-energy precision measurements. We first obtain
constraints on the couplings under the assumption that the right-handed
operator is the dominant correction to the Standard Model at observable
energies. We subsequently study the impact of degeneracies with other
Beyond-the-Standard-Model effective interactions and identify observables, both
at colliders and low-energy experiments, that would uniquely point to
right-handed charged currents.Comment: 50 pages plus appendices and reference
Deuteron Magnetic Quadrupole Moment From Chiral Effective Field Theory
We calculate the magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM) of the deuteron at leading
order in the systematic expansion provided by chiral effective field theory. We
take into account parity and time-reversal violation which, at the quark-gluon
level, results from the QCD vacuum angle and dimension-six operators that
originate from physics beyond the Standard Model. We show that the deuteron MQM
can be expressed in terms of five low-energy constants that appear in the
parity- and time-reversal-violating nuclear potential and electromagnetic
current, four of which also contribute to the electric dipole moments of light
nuclei. We conclude that the deuteron MQM has an enhanced sensitivity to the
QCD vacuum angle and that its measurement would be complementary to the
proposed measurements of light-nuclear EDMs
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