Studija o katalitickoi oksidaciji aldehida u anhidride masnih kiselina

U literaturi nisu nađeni podaci da bi anhidridi viših masnih kiselina bili stvarno pripravljeni direktnom oksidacijom odgovarajućih aldehida s kisikom ili zrakom u tekućoj fazi u prisutnosti katalizatora. Da bi se ispitala upotrebljivost ove reakcije za dobivanje viših anhidrida, izvršeni su pokusioksidacije n-butanala i 2-etilheksanala. Tom oksidacijom dobiceni u dobrom iskorištenju anhidriri n-maslačne odn. 2-etil-heksan-kiseline. Ispitivano je djelovanje raznih katalizatora na iskorištenje anhidrida u kao najbolji je utvrđena smjesa soli kobalta i bakra, odnosno molibdena i bakra

Studija o katalitickoi oksidaciji aldehida u anhidride masnih kiselina

U literaturi nisu nađeni podaci da bi anhidridi viših masnih kiselina bili stvarno pripravljeni direktnom oksidacijom odgovarajućih aldehida s kisikom ili zrakom u tekućoj fazi u prisutnosti katalizatora. Da bi se ispitala upotrebljivost ove reakcije za dobivanje viših anhidrida, izvršeni su pokusioksidacije n-butanala i 2-etilheksanala. Tom oksidacijom dobiceni u dobrom iskorištenju anhidriri n-maslačne odn. 2-etil-heksan-kiseline. Ispitivano je djelovanje raznih katalizatora na iskorištenje anhidrida u kao najbolji je utvrđena smjesa soli kobalta i bakra, odnosno molibdena i bakra

Characterization of breast tissues in density and effective atomic number basis via spectral X-ray computed tomography

Differentiation of breast tissues is challenging in X-ray imaging because tissues might share similar or even the same linear attenuation coefficients $\mu$. Spectral computed tomography (CT) allows for more quantitative characterization in terms of tissue density and effective atomic number by exploiting the energy dependence of $\mu$. In this work, 5 mastectomy samples and a phantom with inserts mimicking breast soft tissues were evaluated in a retrospective study. The samples were imaged at three monochromatic energy levels in the range of 24 - 38 keV at 5 mGy per scan using a propagation-based phase-contrast setup at SYRMEP beamline at the Italian national synchrotron Elettra. A custom-made algorithm incorporating CT reconstructions of an arbitrary number of spectral energy channels was developed to extract the density and effective atomic number of adipose, fibro-glandular, pure glandular, tumor, and skin from regions selected by a radiologist. Preliminary results suggest that, via spectral CT, it is possible to enhance tissue differentiation. It was found that adipose, fibro-glandular and tumorous tissues have average effective atomic numbers (5.94 $\pm$ 0.09, 7.03 $\pm$ 0.012, and 7.40 $\pm$ 0.10) and densities (0.90 $\pm$ 0.02, 0.96 $\pm$ 0.02, and 1.07 $\pm$ 0.03 g/cm$^{3}$) and can be better distinguished if both quantitative values are observed together.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Physics in Medicine and Biolog

Advanced two- and three-dimensional insights into Earth’s oldest stromatolites (ca. 3.5 Ga): Prospects for the search for life on Mars

Paleoarchean stromatolites are among the oldest compelling evidence for life. We present advanced two- and three-dimensional (2-D and 3-D) reconstructions of the morphology, mineralogy, trace element geochemistry, and taphonomy of permineralized stromatolites from the lowermost horizons of the ca. 3.5 Ga Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia. Rare earth element plus yttrium compositions suggest a restricted paleodepositional setting influenced by marine influxes; this contrasts with other Dresser stromatolites, which developed around terrestrial hot springs. Mineral phase relationships and positive Eu anomalies denote syndepositional hydrothermal influence and silicification promoting high-fidelity microstructural preservation. Although no primary kerogen is preserved, numerous 2-D and 3-D morphological characteristics denote a biogenic origin, including the onlap of sedimentary layers onto stromatolitic topography, fine-scale undulatory laminations, non-isopachous laminations with crestal thickening, laminoid fenestrae, and subvertical pillar-like fabrics interpreted as microbial palisade structure; these features suggest that the stromatolite ecosystem was dominantly phototrophic. The deep iron-rich weathering profile of the Dresser stromatolites makes them pertinent analogues for potential microbialites in altered carbonates on Mars. Were similar putative biogenic macro-, meso- and micromorphologies identified in habitable Martian settings by rover imaging systems, such materials would be compelling targets for sample return

EU: Legal Regulation of Air Services

Liberalisation of the EU aviation market laid the foundation for the present-day legal regulation of air services in the EU. Regulation No. 1008/2008 consolidated provisions on EU air carrier licensing, their access to internal air routes of the European Union and fares for air services to increase the efficiency and consistency of applicable EU law, in an attempt to raise the EU internal aviation market to a qualitatively new level of development. With a view to better grasp the achievements of the EU in this field, this article studies the modernisation of air services regulation through the comparative analysis of the main rules of the new Regulation and earlier acts, practical and scientific issues arising in the course of their application on the regional and global levels

Toward a context awareness framework for healthcare applications

We are witnessing a significant expansion and penetration of wireless appliances, sensors, smart phones, and PDAs in a wide range of domains such as hospitals, healthcare, smart homes, and elderly home care. Healthcare applications are mission-critical, real-time, and are used in a complex socio-technical system that requires collaboration, communication and coordination between many actors (doctors, patients, nurses, lab technicians, administration, etc.) and devices in the system, depending on their context. This paper introduces a framework for supporting context awareness, which is built from available open source components. The paper illustrates how the framework can be used in the healthcare domain with the help of an emergency department application