Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage in Europe: A problematic energy bridge to nowhere? CEPS Working Document No. 341, 29 November, 2010

This paper summarises the findings of work package 5.3 of the SECURE project, with regard to the role of carbon capture, transport and storage (CCTS) for the future European supply security of coal. The real issue in European supply security with respect to coal is the absence of an economically and politically sustainable use of coal for electricity, liquefaction, gasification, etc. Whereas earlier papers delivered for work package 5.3 on the coal sector indicated that there are few risks to the European energy supply of (steam) coal, there is an implicit supply security threat, i.e. that coal will no longer be an essential element of European energy supply because the CCTS rollout will be delayed or not be carried out at all. This thesis is substantiated in this subsequent paper, with more technical details and some case study evidence

Deculturation and Its Impact on the Lower-Class Mexican Family.

The aim of this study was to determine which of two theoretical models, cultural conflict or deculturation, better explained drug use by Mexican youth living in the United States. By analyzing the Mexican family and identifying its roles, values, ideals, norms, traditions, and problems of acclimation, it was anticipated that areas of conflict might be highlighted. Four Mexican families from the Latino area in Detroit were selected for the study. In order to provide a basis for comparison in determining which of the two theoretical models better explained drug use among youths, the study focused on two families whose children were drug users but did not exhibit other dysfunctional behavior, and two families of similar backgrounds whose children neither used drugs nor exhibited other dysfunctional behavior. An adolescent male was selected from each family as the "target youth" of that family. The study used in combination of techniques drawn from anthropology and psychology, including intensive clinical interviews, selected TAT cards, and the Uniform Intake Feedback Form. In order to avoid subjectivity, two blind analyses of the TAT protocols were carried out. The data from this study more strongly supported the deculturation model than the cultural conflict model. The data indicated that the drug-using youths had minimal or no affiliation with their culture and few or no idealized norms. As a result, they would turn to drugs for immediate gratification when experiencing pain. Both drug-using target youths were social isolates, alienated from their family, peers and society at large. Both had low self-esteem. They did not, however, appear to be torn between two conflicting cultures. The two non-drug-using adolescents in the study had strong ties with their culture and were integrated into the social structure. Their strong ties with their culture sustained them through difficult times by giving them sources of self-esteem. It was the conclusion of this study that the experience of deculturation, rather than cultural conflict, provided a better explanation of drug use by the adolescents in the study.Ph.D.Individual and family studiesUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/158017/1/8025793.pd

Scalable Creation of Long-Lived Multipartite Entanglement

We demonstrate the deterministic generation of multipartite entanglement based on scalable methods. Four qubits are encoded in Ca+40, stored in a microstructured segmented Paul trap. These qubits are sequentially entangled by laser-driven pairwise gate operations. Between these, the qubit register is dynamically reconfigured via ion shuttling operations, where ion crystals are separated and merged, and ions are moved in and out of a fixed laser interaction zone. A sequence consisting of three pairwise entangling gates yields a four-ion Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state |ψ=(1/2)(|0000+|1111), and full quantum state tomography reveals a state fidelity of 94.4(3)%. We analyze the decoherence of this state and employ dynamic decoupling on the spatially distributed constituents to maintain 69(5)% coherence at a storage time of 1.1 sec.Fil: Kaufmann, H.. University Mainz. Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg; AlemaniaFil: Ruster, T.. University Mainz. Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg; AlemaniaFil: Schmiegelow, Christian Tomás. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Luda, Marcelo Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Kaushal, V.. University Mainz. Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg; AlemaniaFil: Schulz, Juan Sebastián. University Mainz. Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg; AlemaniaFil: Von Lindenfels, D.. University Mainz. Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg; AlemaniaFil: Schmidt-Kaler, F.. University Mainz. Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg; AlemaniaFil: Poschinger, U. G.. University Mainz. Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg; Alemani

The world gas market in 2030 – development scenarios using the World Gas Model

We discuss potential developments of the world natural gas industry through 2030. We use the World Gas Model (WGM), a multi-period strategic representation of the global natural gas sector, between 2005 and 2030. We specify a 'base case' and then analyse the sensitivity of the world natural gas system with scenarios, including various supply scenarios (e.g., emergence of large volumes of unconventional shale gas, or tightly constrained reserves of conventional natural gas), the impact of CO<SUB align="right"><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>-constraints, and regional scenarios focusing, respectively, on Russian and Caspian exports, the Arab Gulf, China and India, and the US Pacific coast. Our results show considerable changes in production, consumption, traded volumes, prices, and investments in pipelines, LNG terminals, and storage. However, the overall world natural gas industry is resilient to local disturbances and can compensate local supply disruptions of natural gas from other sources. Long-term supply security does not seem to be at risk.natural gas trade; World Gas Model; WGM; mixed complementary problem; gas reserves; infrastructure investments; climate policy; world gas markets; energy security; gas production; gas consumption; traded volumes; gas prices; investment; gas pipelines; LNG terminals; gas storage; gas supply.