Resource sharing in business-to-business contexts: a conceptualisation and guide for future research

The purpose of the study is to conceptualise sharing in the B2B context by reviewing three literature fields, which deal with B2B sharing but have not yet been integrated: B2B sharing economy, horizontal collaboration, and industrial symbiosis. A systematic literature review is used, based on 51 studies from the three fields. Findings are structured into: 1) Four key conceptual constructs – actors (who), resources (what), governance (how), motivations (why) and 2) Implementation barriers of B2B sharing. From an integrated view on constructs and related barriers, three research avenues are identified. This study contributes to the development of B2B sharing, an emerging field which is subsumed under the sharing economy but, compared to C2C sharing, under researched and practiced. No study has yet investigated the origins and scope of this ill-defined concept, linked the current knowledge, and focused on the specific implementation barriers as a requirement for further advancing the field

Servicekultur als Katalysator für Serviceinnovationen

Digitale Serviceinnovationen und die Servicetransformation ganzer Branchen sind in aller Munde. Sie versprechen vor allem für Industriegüterunternehmen langfristigen Erfolg im Wettbewerb. Ihre praktische Umsetzung fordert allerdings nicht nur strategische, technisch-konzeptionelle und strukturelle Veränderungen, sondern auch kulturelle Anpassungen von Unternehmen. Insbesondere die Weiterentwicklung der oft stark produktzentrierten Unternehmenskultur wird zu einer entscheidenden Erfolgskomponente

Party rules, party resources, and the politics of parliamentary democracies: how parties organize in the 21st Century

This article introduces the first findings of the Political Party Database (PPDB) project, a major survey of party organizations in parliamentary and semi-presidential democracies. The project’s first round of data covers 122 parties in 19 countries. In this paper we describe the scope of the database, then investigate what it tells us about contemporary party organization in these countries, focussing on parties’ resources, structures and internal decision-making. We examine organizational patterns by country and party family, and where possible we make temporal comparisons with older datasets. Our analyses suggest a remarkable coexistence of uniformity and diversity. In terms of the major organizational resources on which parties can draw, such as members, staff and finance, the new evidence largely confirms the continuation of trends identified in previous research: i.e., declining membership, but enhanced financial resources and more paid staff. We also find remarkable uniformity regarding the core architecture of party organizations. At the same time, however, we find substantial variation between countries and party families in terms of their internal processes, with particular regard to how internally democratic they are, and in the forms that this democratization takes

Spannungsfeld Wissenschaft – Praxis : die Situation an Fachhochschulen in der Schweiz

Ob Dozierende an Schweizer Fachhochschulen in der Lage sind, sowohl praxisrelevant auszubilden als auch wissenschaftlich fundierte Forschung und Lehre zu betreiben, ist in der bildungspolitischen Diskussion umstritten. Anhand aktueller Befragungsdaten wird daher untersucht, wie praxisaffin Fachhochschuldozierende sind, über welche wissenschaftlichen Qualifikationen sie verfügen, und wie es um ihre gleichzeitige Tätigkeit in Lehre und Forschung steht. Der Vergleich mit Daten für das Lehr- und For- schungspersonal von Universitäten soll ausserdem zeigen, ob es zwischen den Profilen der beiden Hoch- schultypen Konvergenzen gibt. Als Ergebnis kann festgehalten werden, dass die Voraussetzungen dafür vorhanden sind, dass in der Lehre die bildungspolitische Forderung nach gleichwertigen aber andersartigen Hochschultypen mehrheitlich umgesetzt werden kann. In der Forschung hingegen zeigen sich Konvergenztendenzen zwischen den Fachhochschulen und den Universitäten, indem an letzteren auch ein bedeutender Praxisbezug festgestellt werden kann.+ ID der Publikation: hslu_78385 + Art des Beitrages: Bericht + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2020-07-16 16:17:2

Identification of infants with increased type 1 diabetes genetic risk for enrollment into Primary Prevention Trials-GPPAD-02 study design and first results

Primary prevention of type 1 diabetes (T1D) requires intervention in genetically at-risk infants. The Global Platform for the Prevention of Autoimmune Diabetes (GPPAD) has established a screening program, GPPAD-02, that identifies infants with a genetic high risk of T1D, enrolls these into primary prevention trials, and follows the children for beta-cell autoantibodies and diabetes. Genetic testing is offered either at delivery, together with the regular newborn testing, or at a newborn health care visits before the age of 5 months in regions of Germany (Bavaria, Saxony, Lower Saxony), UK (Oxford), Poland (Warsaw), Belgium (Leuven), and Sweden (Region Skåne). Seven clinical centers will screen around 330 000 infants. Using a genetic score based on 46 T1D susceptibility single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or three SNPS and a first-degree family history for T1D, infants with a high (>10%) genetic risk for developing multiple beta-cell autoantibodies by the age of 6 years are identified. Screening from October 2017 to December 2018 was performed in 50 669 infants. The prevalence of high genetic risk for T1D in these infants was 1.1%. Infants with high genetic risk for T1D are followed up and offered to participate in a randomized controlled trial aiming to prevent beta-cell autoimmunity and T1D by tolerance induction with oral insulin. The GPPAD-02 study provides a unique path to primary prevention of beta-cell autoimmunity in the general population. The eventual benefit to the community, if successful, will be a reduction in the number of children developing beta-cell autoimmunity and T1D.status: publishe