Towards indicators of multifunctionality: assessing jointness between commodity and non-commodity outputs

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SEAMLESS PD2.3.2

This PD starts with a brief review of the start-of-the-art in agricultural multifunctionality research, highlighting the fact that much of the current literature on the subject is qualitative rather than quantitative. From this literature, we focus on a definition of multifunctionality that is advocated by the European Union whereby the provision of commodity and non-commodity outputs are couched in terms of their joint production'. We then present a formalised economic framework to guide the development of multifunctionality indicators based on this concept of joint production. This formalised economic framework is then used to provide a backdrop to the identification of theoretically plausible mathematical relationships between commodity and non-commodity outputs which, until now, have not been systematically articulated in the multifunctionality literature. Testing our framework and our thinking against real-world data is currently hampered because of logistical difficulties in acquiring that data; an issue not unique to SEAMLESS but rather a wider phenomenon encountered by multifunctionality researchers throughout Europe. Therein explains the largely theoretical (albeit quantitative) nature of this PD. Our work will continue until the data have been acquired and analysed

Fonctionnalité et productions jointes, comment mesurer le degré de jointure ?

International audienceMultifunctionality is one way to reconcile agriculture with sustainable development: agriculture, beyond the production of food and fibre, also provides important social, environmental and economic functions to society. In general, much of the current literature on agricultural multifunctionality is qualitative and narrative, and focuses on demonstrating the existence of social and/or environmental functions. In this chapter, we start with the existence of these multiple functions and we seek to measure the relationships between them through the design of indicators of multifunctionality. We present a structured sequential framework to guide the development of multifunctionality indicators based on the concept of joint production. The three stages articulated in this framework are: 1) identification of jointness; 2) qualitative assessment of jointness; 3) quantitative assessment of jointness. Using data from SEAMLESS Prototype3, empirical evidence suggests that multifunctionality in agriculture is far from being negligible

THE APPEARANCE OF THE INHIBITORS TO FACTOR VIII IN AN ELDER PATIENT WITH MILD HAEMOPHILIA A

<p>Background. The inhibitors to F VIII are unusual in case of a mild haemophilia because the replacement therapy is seldom necessary. In case of severe trauma, when prolonged replacement therapy of F VIII is needed, the appearance of the inhibitors is more frequent. The mild form of the disease becomes a severe one and the haemorrhages are frequent.</p><p>Patient and methods. In case of our patient with mild form of haemophilia, the inhibitors to F VIII developed after prolonged replacement therapy for treatement of subdural haemorrhage. In the article we describe recurrent haemorrhages and treatement of them with FEIBA and rF VIIa.</p><p>Conclusions. Due to poor compliance of an elder patient we didn’t decide to treat the inhibitors for F VIII actively.<br /><br /></p

A structured set of indicators for integrated assessment of future agri-environmental policies

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Ensemble de définitions d'indicateurs et de méthodes opérationnelles pour les calculer, ensemble à mettre en oeuvre dans le prototype n°1. Suggestions pour les développements de futurs indicateurs dans SEAMLESS

This Deliverable consists of two parts. The first and consists of the definition and presentation of the restricted package of indicators and operational methodologies to assess them- to be implemented in Prototype number 1. This packages and methodologies for assessment have been agreed upon within the WP. The second part develops strategies for how this restricted package can be further developed in Prototype 2 and 3 of SEAMLESS-IF. Part two is an addition to the initial aim of D 2.1.1. The reason is that when developing the restricted package WP 2 deemed it important to also look forward and put the restricted package of indicators into the larger context of the development of indicators for SEAMLESS. This section sets the roadmap for the future development of indicators. Further efforts are needed to make them operational. In addition the indicators needs to be tested against further modelling work (WP3), data availability (WP4), implementation in the software framework (WP5) and assessment against user involvement (WP7). The restricted package of indicators constitutes the basis for the initial operationalisation of indicators in Prototype 1 of SEAMLESS-IF. The basis for selecting indicators to the restricted list is to create routines for the integration of different types of indicators in the SEAMLESS-IF software structure. To ensure an efficient and structured approach to indicator development and to facilitate the communication with other WPs, WP2 has deemed it important to develop a strategy for how to ensure a stable and efficient development of indicators. The basis for this strategy is to divide the indicators in three categories. 1) Indicators that can be assessed today by the SEAMLESS-IF (indicators in the restricted package)1 2) Indicators that most likely will be assessed by SEAMLESS-IF (Indicators which are planned to be assessed but for which not yet running models are available) 3) Indicators which are less likely to be assessed through models of WP3 (indicators for which WP 2 may need to develop simple models). This category could in turn be divided into two sub categories. a. Indicators where there is a possibility to produce a simple model and where necessary data exist or is possible to produce. b. Indicators, for which there is a lack of knowledge, lack of data or both. 1 Only 9 indicators from this list are made operational in Prototype 1. SEAMLESS No. 010036 Deliverable number: D2.1.