The X chromosome and male infertility

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Somatostatin Inhibits Cell Migration and Reduces Cell Counts of Human Keratinocytes and Delays Epidermal Wound Healing in an Ex Vivo Wound Model

The peptide hormone somatostatin (SST) and its five G protein-coupled receptors (SSTR1-5) were described to be present in the skin, but their cutaneous function(s) and skin-specific signalling mechanisms are widely unknown. By using receptor specific agonists we show here that the SSTRs expressed in keratinocytes are functionally coupled to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase. In addition, treatment with SSTR4 and SSTR5/1 specific agonists significantly influences the MAP kinase signalling pathway. As epidermal hormone receptors in general are known to regulate re-epithelialization following skin injury, we investigated the effect of SST on cell counts and migration of human keratinocytes. Our results demonstrate a significant inhibition of cell migration and reduction of cell counts by SST. We do not observe an effect on apoptosis and necrosis. Analysis of signalling pathways showed that somatostatin inhibits cell migration independent of its effect on cAMP. Migrating keratinocytes treated with SST show altered cytoskeleton dynamics with delayed lamellipodia formation. Furthermore, the activity of the small GTPase Rac1 is diminished, providing evidence for the control of the actin cytoskeleton by somatostatin receptors in keratinocytes. While activation of all receptors leads to redundant effects on cell migration, only treatment with a SSTR5/1 specific agonist resulted in decreased cell counts. In accordance with reduced cell counts and impaired migration we observe delayed re-epithelialization in an ex vivo wound healing model. Consequently, our experiments suggest SST as a negative regulator of epidermal wound healing

Beiträge zur ökologischen Chemie LXXX Versuche zum Mikrobiellen Abbau von Dieldrin und 2, 2′-Dichlorbiphenyl.

Verschiedene Mikroorganismen (hauptsächlich Bodenmikroorganismen) wurden auf ihre Fähigkeit, Dieldrin bzw. 2, 2′-Dichlorbiphenyl zu metabolisieren, untersucht. In keinem dieser Versuche gelang es, Umwandlungs- oder gar Abbauprodukte nachzuweisen. Ein mit mindestens 200 ppm Aldrin, 155 ppm verschiedenster Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe und 650 ppm Dieldrin belasteter Boden wurde auf die in der Literatur2, 3) beschriebenen Hauptmetaboliten des Dieldrins untersucht. Dünnschichtchromatographisch ließen sich neben Photodieldrin nur die als Aldrinmetaboliten bekannten Verbindungen Dihydroaldrin-4, 5-transdiol und Dihydrochlorden-1, 3-dicarbonsäure nachweisen4, 5). Erst mit Hilfe einer GC-MS-Kombination wurde in Spuren 4-Ketoaldrin (Matsumuras Metabolit G) gefunden

Deo. Ter. Optimo. Maximo. Favente. Dissertatio Juridica Inauguralis De Omissione Renovationis Investituræ Feudalis Non Dolose Facta, Hodie, Et Praecipue In Saxonia, Ad Amissionem Feudi Non Sufficiente

Leipzig, Univ., Jur. Diss., 1728Quam ... Pro Gradu Doctorali Defendendam Suscipiet Joannes Friedlieb Vockel. D. XXIII. Mart. M DCC XXIIXAutopsie nach Ex. der ULB Sachsen-AnhaltVorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Lipsiæ, Litteris Jo. Heinrici Koenigii

Fate of ¹⁴C- allylalcohol herbicide in soils and crop residues.

Residue disappearance and leaching from soils was correlated negatively to organic matter content. In experiments with a sandy loam soil at an application rate normally used in practice, an average of 12.5% of the applied radioactivity was recovered after an 8 day interval between application and sowing. An average of 8% (sum in soil and plants) of the applied radioactivity was recovered after lettuce or carrot growing. Uptake of residues was higher by carrots than by lettuce, and higher by lettuce roots than by lettuce tops. No bioaccumulation was observed

Influence of atrazine on the mineralisation of n-dodecylbenzene-sulfonate-¹⁴C in soil.

Under the influence of 2,5, or 10 μg/g atrazine, the degradation of 10 μg/g of the detergent n-dodecylbenzenesulfonate-14C to 14CO2 in an Alfisol soil is inhibited for about 12 days, then stimulated. The overall influence of atrazine after 38 days is a slight inhibition of 14CO2-formation

Balance of conversion and degradation of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile -¹⁴C in humus soil.

In a closed aerated laboratory soil test, volatilization and mineralization of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile-14C is negligible within 61 days. The major soil residues are parent compound, 2,6-dichlorobenzamide and unextractable residues