Petrogenesis of Glasses and Microlites in Mantle Xenoliths from Baikal-Mongolia Region : a Review

Petrogenesis of various glasses, microlite assemblages and fluid and melt inclusions in minerals of mantle xenoliths from alkaline volcanics of Baikal-Mongolian region is discussed. Diversity and compositional variations of glasses vary widely and their origin can be addressed to most of previously reported hypotheses. Study of the fluid inclusions indicates that depth of trapping is usually well correlated with the depth of Moho estimated from seismological and petrological data. The density of CO_2 fluid inclusions indicates minimum pressures of their origin of 10-15kbar. Glasses from melt inclusions in minerals of Dzhilinda xenoliths (Vitim flied) can represent direct melts formed by in situ partial melting of peridotite at about 10kbar, the pressure estimated from fluid inclusions, whereas glasses from melt inclusions in minerals of garnet Iherzolite of Bereya Quarry (Vitim flied) can represent melts formed at pressures above 15kbar. The SiO_2 contents of these glasses (51-57 wt.%) are consistent with those of experimental partial melts from low-degree partial melting of peridotite. Origin of SiO_2-rich (up to 74 wt.%) glasses from harzburgite xenoliths is consistent with experimental study by Shaw et al. (1998) indicating that reaction of orthopyroxene with silica-undersaturated melt at ambient pressure results in olivine, clinopyroxene, spinel and intermediate of silicic melt. We describe unusual clinopyroxene-olivine-sanidine symplectites in hightemperature spinel Iherzolites from Burkal locality. Calculated bulk compositions of the symplectites indicate that they can represent breakdown after K-bearing pyroxene solid solution from deep mantle.論

Casimir scaling as a test of QCD vacuum

Recent accurate measurements of static potentials between sources in various representations of the gauge group SU(3) performed by G.Bali provide a crucial test of the QCD vacuum models and different approaches to confinement. The Casimir scaling of the potential observed for all measured distances implies strong suppression of higher cumulant contributions. The consequences for the instanton vacuum model and the spectrum of the QCD string are also discussed.Comment: LaTeX, 15 pages, 1 figur

Chiral symmetry breaking in confining theories and asymptotic limits of operator product expansion

The pattern of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking (CSB) in confining background fields is analyzed. It is explicitly demonstrated how to get the inverse square root large proper time asymptotic of the operator product expansion which is needed for CSB.Comment: LaTeX, 20 pages; minor revision

Multi-Magnetic Properties of a Novel SCO [Fe(3-OMe-Sal2trien)]-[Fe(tdas)2]·CH3CN Salt

The multi‐magnetic salt [Fe(3‐OMe‐Sal2trien)][Fe(tdas)2]·CH3CN (1) has been prepared and fully characterized by a variety of methods. The crystal structure of 1, determined at 150, 297 and 350 K, consists of alternating layers composed by a parallel arrangement of the chains of isolated π–π coupled cation pairs of [Fe(3‐OMe‐Sal2trien)]+ and anion pairs of [Fe(tdas)2]–. The complex magnetic behavior of this salt is consistent with the sum of the contributions from spin‐crossover (SCO) cations and strong antiferromagnetically (AFM) coupled dimeric [Fe(tdas)2]22– anions. The observed gradual thermally induced spin transition (T1/2 = 195 K) is relatable to the cation exhibiting disordering of ethylene (–CH2–CH2–) groups between two conformers with a narrow thermal hysteresis of 6 K. The dc magnetization measurements and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy at room temperature are in excellent agreement between γHS(%) value and ratio of disordering of ethylene groups obtained from X‐ray analysis. Mössbauer spectra at 80 K and 296 K indicate a spin transition between S = 1/2 and S = 5/2 for the iron(III) saltrien‐cation and confirms S = 3/2 for the [FeIII(tdas)2]– anion. The experimental results are supplemented with a theoretical Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis

Применение кластерного анализа с элементами нечеткой логики для оценки окружающей обстановки группы робототехнических средств

Возникновение чрезвычайных ситуаций, которые угрожают жизни и здоровью людей, резко повышает требования к полноте и точности представления информации о текущей ситуации. Современные робототехнические средства оснащены датчиками, работающими на различных физических принципах. Это приводит к росту входной информации, поступающей в управляющую систему. С учетом ограниченной производительности бортовой вычислительной системы, а также высокой априорной неопределенности наземной обстановки робототехнические средства не могут быть эффективно использованы без объединения получаемой информации от группы робототехнических средств и создания единой картины наземной обстановки. Решить задачу отождествления вектор-признаков, относящихся к одному объекту, а также оценить эффективность полученных решений можно по известным формулам теории проверки статистических гипотез и теории вероятностей только при нормальном законе распределения с известными математическим ожиданием вектор-признака и корреляционной матрицей. Однако перечисленные условия на практике, как правило, не выполняются. Предложен новый метод решения задачи отождествления вектор-признаков, не опирающийся на статистический подход, и, следовательно, не требующий знание вида закона распределения и значений его параметров. Предлагаемый метод основан на идее сочетания кластерного анализа и нечеткой логики и отличается сравнительной простой по отношению к базовым методам многомерной непараметрической статистики. Обсуждаются математические аспекты метода нечеткой кластеризации и возможное упрощение алгоритма нечеткого отождествления при временных ограничениях. Установлено, что применение нечеткой кластеризации объектов в сложной наземной обстановке позволяет уменьшить количество ложных распознаваний объектов по сравнению с существующим статистическим подходом, ориентированным на использование нормального закона распределения. Показано преимущество предлагаемого метода отождествления вектор-признаков объектов, даны сравнительные значения по количеству ложных распознаваний. Даны рекомендации построения правил нечеткого вывода при создании базы знаний экспертной системы

Genome-wide sequence analyses of ethnic populations across Russia

The Russian Federation is the largest and one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world, however no centralized reference database of genetic variation exists to date. Such data are crucial for medical genetics and essential for studying population history. The Genome Russia Project aims at filling this gap by performing whole genome sequencing and analysis of peoples of the Russian Federation. Here we report the characterization of genome-wide variation of 264 healthy adults, including 60 newly sequenced samples. People of Russia carry known and novel genetic variants of adaptive, clinical and functional consequence that in many cases show allele frequency divergence from neighboring populations. Population genetics analyses revealed six phylogeographic partitions among indigenous ethnicities corresponding to their geographic locales. This study presents a characterization of population-specific genomic variation in Russia with results important for medical genetics and for understanding the dynamic population history of the world's largest country

Allocation under dictatorship : research in Stalin’s archives

We survey recent research on the Soviet economy in the state, party, and military archives of the Stalin era. The archives have provided rich new evidence on the economic arrangements of a command system under a powerful dictator including Stalin’s role in the making of the economic system and economic policy, Stalin’s accumulation objectives and the constraints that limited his power to achieve them, the limits to administrative allocation, the information flows and incentives that governed the behavior of economic managers, the scope and significance of corruption and market-oriented behavior, and the prospects for economic reform

Biological Earth observation with animal sensors

Space-based tracking technology using low-cost miniature tags is now delivering data on fine-scale animal movement at near-global scale. Linked with remotely sensed environmental data, this offers a biological lens on habitat integrity and connectivity for conservation and human health; a global network of animal sentinels of environmen-tal change

Conditions for petrogenesis of ophiolite associations (thermobarogeochemical investigations)

Available from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio