Povezanost težine simptoma i inteziteta akutnog psihološkog distresa u novodijagnosticiranih bolesnika s kroničnim rinitisom i kroničnim rinosinusitisom

Chronic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis (CR and CRS) can lead to impairment of the health-related quality of life (HRQL) with higher psychological perceived distress, resulting in disease worsening and poor treatment outcomes. W aimed to evaluate the potential association between disease severity and HRQL impairment with the perceived acute psychological distress in newly diagnosed CR/CRS patients. This single-center cross-sectional study included otherwise healthy consecutive adults with newly diagnosed CR/CRS (European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp criteria and International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology – Allergic Rhinitis criteria or non-allergic rhinitis), who were evaluated for CR/CRS symptom severity and HRQL (Sino Nasal Outcome Test 22 [SNOT-22], visual analog scale [VAS]) and acute perceived distress (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]). Principal component analysis (SNOT-22 items, VAS) identified 6 components as CR/CRS severity indicators, i.e,, poor sleep, wakes-up tired, nasopharynx, obstruction, torment and rhinorrhea, which were evaluated for association with PSS score. Of the 63 included patients (20 men, age median 38, range 19-75 years), 27 suffered from CR and 36 from CRS. Upon adjustment for age and sex, higher total SNOT-22 (geometric means ratio [GMR]=1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.06), higher “torment” (GMR=1.13, 1.04-1.24), higher “poor sleep” (GMR=1.11, 1.02-1.21) and higher “wakes-up tired” (GMR=1.11, 1.01-1.21) scores were each associated with a higher PSS score, overall and consistently in CR and CRS patients. In conclusion, more severe CR/CRS is associated with greater perceived psychological distress already at earlier stages of the disease. Paying attention to patient level of distress and anxiety over time may enable better understanding of the connection between exacerbations, symptom severity and psychological burden of the disease.Kronični rinitis i kronični rinosinusitis (KR i KRS) mogu poremetiti sa zdravljem povezanu kvalitetu života (health-related quality of life, HRQL) kroz višu razinu percipiranog psihološkog distresa, što dovodi do pogoršanja bolesti i loših ishoda liječenja. Cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti moguću povezanost težine bolesti i poremećaja HRQL s percipiranim akutnim psihološkim distresom u novodijagnosticranih bolesnika s KR/KRS. U ovu presječnu studiju provedenu u jednom centru uključene su uzastopne inače zdrave odrasle osobe s novodijagnosticiranim KR/KRS (European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp criteria and International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology – Allergic Rhinitis criteria or non-allergic rhinitis), kod kojih je procijenjena težina simptoma KR/KRS i HRQL (Sino Nasal Outcome Test 22 [SNOT-22], vizualna analogna ljestvica [visual analog scale, VAS]) te akutni percipirani distres (Ljestvica percipiranog stresa, Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]). Analiza glavnih sastavnica (stavke SNOT-22, VAS) identificirala je 6 sastavnica kao pokazatelje težine KR/KRS, tj. slab san, osjećaj umora pri buđenju, nazofarinks, opstrukciju, bolnost i rinoreju, koje su procijenjene na povezanost sa zbrojem PSS. Od 63 uključenih bolesnika (20 muškaraca, medijan dobi 38, raspon 19-75 godina) 27 ih je imalo KR, a 36 ih je imalo KRS. Nakon prilagodbe na dob i spol utvrđeno je da su viši ukupni zbroj SNOT-22 (omjer geometrijskih srednjih vrijednosti, geometric means ratio [GMR]=1,04; 95% CI 1,01-1,06), viša razina bolnosti (GMR=1,13; 1,04-1,24), viša razina slabog sna (GMR=1,11; 1,02-1,21) i viša razina osjećaja umora pri buđenju (GMR=1,11; 1,01-1,21) svaki povezani s višim zbrojem na PSS, sveukupno i jednako tako u bolesnika s KR i onih s KRS. Zaključno, teži oblik KR/KRS udružen je s višim percipiranim psihološkim distresom već u ranijim stadijima bolesti. Pridajući pozornost razini distresa i anksioznosti kod bolesnika kroz vrijeme može doprinijeti razumijevanju povezanosti između pogoršanja bolesti, težine simptoma i psihološkog opterećenja ove bolesti

Nationale und europäische Identität sowie Einstellungen zur Integration in europäische Strukturen bei Bürgern aus Zagreb und Novi Sad

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati je li moguće paralelno egzi-stiranje nacionalnih i europskog identiteta ili su oni međusobno isključivi. U istraživanju su sudjelovali građani Hrvatske i Srbije i Crne Gore. Ispitivanje je obuhvatilo po 400 sudionika iz Zagreba i Novog Sada, oba spola, u dobi od 15 do 46 godina. Primijenjeno je nekoliko instrumenata za ispitivanje istih konstrukata: Skala nacionalnog identiteta (Cinnirella, 1997.), Skala europskog identiteta (Cinnirella, 1997.), Skala nacionalnog identiteta - NAIT (Čorkalo i Kamenov, 1998.), Skala stavova prema europskim integracijama - STEIN (Franceško i sur., 2002.). Rezultati upućuju na ortogonalni odnos nacionalnog i europskog identiteta mjerenih Cinnirellinim skalama te umjereno negativnu povezanost kad su isti konstrukti mjereni NAIT-om i STEIN-om. Potonji rezultat potvrđuje hipotezu da europski identitet i stav prema europskim integracijama nisu isti konstrukt. Dodatno su analizirani rezultati po dimenzijama primijenjenih instrumenata i njihov međusobni odnos. Sudionici iz oba uzorka imaju izraženiji nacionalni nego europski identitet, što je u skladu s očekivanjima, jer je salijentnost nacionalnog identiteta poznata i često dokumentirana posljedica poratnoga razdoblja.The aim of this study was to find out if national and European identity exist simultaneously, or are they mutually exclusive. Citizens from two European countries, not yet members of the European Union, Croatia and Serbia and Montenegro, participated in this study. Participants from Zagreb and Novi Sad, 400 from each town, were selected according to their gender, age and educational level. The questionnaire consisted of various measures of the same psychological constructs: Cinnirella\u27s European Identity Scale and National Identity Scale (1997), NAIT (^orkalo and Kamenov, 1998) and STEIN (France{ko et al., 2002). Results suggest an orthogonal relation between national and European identity when measured with Cinnirella\u27s scales and a moderate negative correlation when measured with NAIT and STEIN scales. The latter result confirms our hypothesis that European identity and attitude toward European integrations are not the same construct. Results on extracted dimensions of the STEIN scale and their correlations with other applied instruments were examined. Participants from both countries express a higher level of national than European identity, which was expected because national identity salience is one of the well-documented consequences in the aftermath of war.Mit dieser Untersuchung wollte man herausfinden, ob die parallele Existenz nationaler Identitäten einerseits und der europäischen Identität andererseits möglich ist, oder ob diese beiden Identitäten einander ausschließen. An der Untersuchung nahmen Bürger aus Kroatien sowie Serbien und Montenegro teil, zwei europäischen Ländern, die noch keine EU-Mitglieder sind. Die insgesamt 400 befragten Männer und Frauen kommen aus Zagreb und Novi Sad und sind zwischen 15 und 46 Jahre alt. Es kamen mehrere verschiedene Instrumente zur Untersuchung der angeführten Konstrukte zum Einsatz: Skala zur nationalen Identität (Cinnirella, 1997), Skala zur europäischen Identität (Cinnirella, 1997), Skala zur nationalen Identität – NAIT (^orkalo und Kamenov, 1998), Skala der Einstellungen zu europäischen Strukturen – STEIN (France{ko et al., 2002). Ermittelt anhand der Skalen von Cinnirelli, verweisen die Ergebnisse auf das Bestehen eines orthogonalen Verhältnisses zwischen nationaler und europäischer Identität; gemäß NAIT und STEIN ist dieses Verhältnis gemäßigt negativ. Letzteres Resultat bestätigt die Hypothese, dass es sich bei der europäischen Identität und der Einstellung zu europäischen Strukturen nicht um dasselbe Konstrukt handelt. Zusätzlich analysierte man die Resultate gemäß den Dimensionen der angewandten Instrumente sowie ihr gegenseitiges Verhältnis. Bei den Umfrageteilnehmern beider Länder ist die nationale Identität ausgeprägter als die europäische. Dies entspricht den Erwartungen der Autoren, denn die Salienz der nationalen Identität ist in Nachkriegszeiten eine notorische und viel dokumentierte Erscheinung

“We’re still here”:Misrecognition and the quest for dual identification of Roma people

Misrecognition describes everyday practices that deny the autonomy of minority members to define who they are and instead impose identities that may diverge from their own sense of self. Being misrecognized is particularly relevant for the historically marginalized Roma people, whose national belonging is repeatedly questioned despite centuries of co-existence and citizenship. Our aim was to understand whether the experience of misrecognition, along with discrimination, would predict identification patterns that represent an obstacle to dual identification among Roma people in three East-Central European countries: Hungary, Romania and Serbia. We collected data among Roma participants online and face-to-face with convenience sampling (N = 1,325). Latent class analysis revealed three similar classes based on national and ethnic identification scores in all subsamples: (1) disidentification, (2) Roma identification and (3) dual identification. Logistic regression analysis showed that misrecognition and discrimination predicted stronger Roma identity than dual identification in Hungary and Serbia. However, misrecognition predicted stronger dual identification in Romania, possibly as a reaffirmation strategy in response to misrecognition. Our results show that misrecognition can add to our understanding of minority group members' identification with the superordinate category of the nation as well as subgroup ethnic minority identity, and this connection could be key for advancing Roma inclusion

“We’re still here”:Misrecognition and the quest for dual identification of Roma people

Misrecognition describes everyday practices that deny the autonomy of minority members to define who they are and instead impose identities that may diverge from their own sense of self. Being misrecognized is particularly relevant for the historically marginalized Roma people, whose national belonging is repeatedly questioned despite centuries of co-existence and citizenship. Our aim was to understand whether the experience of misrecognition, along with discrimination, would predict identification patterns that represent an obstacle to dual identification among Roma people in three East-Central European countries: Hungary, Romania and Serbia. We collected data among Roma participants online and face-to-face with convenience sampling (N = 1,325). Latent class analysis revealed three similar classes based on national and ethnic identification scores in all subsamples: (1) disidentification, (2) Roma identification and (3) dual identification. Logistic regression analysis showed that misrecognition and discrimination predicted stronger Roma identity than dual identification in Hungary and Serbia. However, misrecognition predicted stronger dual identification in Romania, possibly as a reaffirmation strategy in response to misrecognition. Our results show that misrecognition can add to our understanding of minority group members' identification with the superordinate category of the nation as well as subgroup ethnic minority identity, and this connection could be key for advancing Roma inclusion

Ethnic distance in primary school children and their parents

This paper aims to answer whether an ethnic distance in young children, age 11-12 (third and fourth year of primary school)s, as well as if their parents can be determined and what are the levels of that distance. Main techniques used were Bogardus` scale of social distance (somewhat modified for the children) and a questionnaire for the parents dealing with some aspects of knowledge about the culture. Results show that levels of ethnic distance are much higher in children, but also that this problem can be dealt with and in that spirit some directions on how to prevent the development of this distance were also given

Voting preferences and political attitudes in Vojvodina

This paper deals with political attitudes of voters in the Vojvodina region and some correlates of these attitudes. Sample was 302 people, all voters of either six of the parties currently in the Serbian parliament (DSS, SRS, SPS, G17+, DS or SPO), or three of the other major parties in Vojvodina (LSV, PSS or SVM). Instruments used were: political attitude scale, social dominance orientation scale (SDO), and a questionnaire dealing with several important issues, such as support for the integration of Serbia into European Union. Factor analysis extracted six factors at the political attitudes scale-antimilitarism, support for the better minority status in the society, support for the different social issues, openness to the world, liberalism and conservativism. All differences concerning the voters’ preferences were statistically significant (p < .01). Also, differences at the SDO scale also proved to be significant, as well as correlations between SDO scale and all of the political attitudes factors (correlation varied from .17 to .39). All of these correlations were negative, except for the SDO-conservativism scale. Another difference has been found at the perceived importance of different group identification. Groups were- person's ethnic group, Vojvodina, Serbia and Europe. Most important identification was with the Europe and the least one with the Serbia. Finally, more than 77% of the people in the sample said that they would vote “yes” at the Serbia joining the EU referendum

Implementation of Project Management Concept into Industrial Energetics: Case Study in Paper Factory

Fuel changing is directly linked to market movements of energy sources, consequently, large companies adapt to these changes and move towards economically worthwhile strategies. The appearance of an energy source, change or fuel production startup, is a complex investment project in the field of industrial energetics. This research paper brings a case study of transition from gas to solid fuel in the paper factory, where the factory achieved significant savings by changing the basic fuel. In this study we applied a large number of criteria and parameters of the project management concepts (such as WBS structure, Gantt chart, SWOT analysis, criteria for settlement date, etc.). The purpose of this study is to demonstrate and broaden the knowledge base of in the industrial and energy sectors and to show significant benefits and cost savings which occur as a result of changes of energy sources in the industry involving mass production processes

Social distance and stereotypes of Roma at the primary school age

The sample of the research presented in this paper consisted of 575 children age 10 and 11 from four of Novi Sad`s primary school. 58 of them were Roma and the rest were Serbs, Hungarians, Croats, etc. The paper deals with the social distance toward the six ethnic groups (Roma, Serbs, Croats Hungarians, Slovaks and Ruthenians), as well as stereotypes of Roma both in Roma and non-Roma children. Sample has also been divided in two by the criteria of Roma children attending the same classes as the children in the sample or not. The results show that social distance toward the Roma is higher than any other social distance in this sample. Also, we were not able to find any significant differences in this social distance between children who attend the school with the Roma children and those who do not. As could be expected, the auto stereotypes were more positive than the hetero stereotypes

Did socio-political changes in Serbia changed the level of authoritarianism and ethnocentrism of citizens

public opinion before and after the change of the regime in Serbia as of 5 t

European identity in Serbia and Montenegro

The aims of this research are the establishment of the level and the structure of European and national identity of the citizens of Serbia and Montenegro, as well as the establishment of relations between socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects (regional belonging, age, level of education) and European identity. The sample consisted of 2853 subjects from four regions (Vojvodina, Šumadija with Belgrade, Southern Serbia, and Montenegro), divided into two age groups and two levels of education. To evaluate certain components of national and European identity, we applied EUROID2002 scale (Franceško et al., 2002). The application of the cluster analysis method defined three groups of subjects of various social identity profile: 1. multi-layered identity (European and national), 2. national exclusivity and 3. undifferentiated social identity. As factors of differentiation of subjects in the respect of European and national identity, there emerged regional belonging, age and educational level. Besides, the results show that the level of education is the most important factor in the creation of this form of social identity