Navike u ishrani kao važan faktor očuvanja zdravlja kod učeničke i studentske populacije

Objective. Dietary habits influence different aspects of health, such as: subjective health assessment, life habits (such as physical activities), functional status, as well as the health care, where inadequate diet represents a significant risk factor for the formation of numerous, various health disorders. It is estimated that around 31% of children in the world under 5 is malnourished, while mortality caused by illness, hunger or malnutrition makes even 50% overall mortality in children. The basic aims of this research are to examine the dieting characteristics of pupils and students and the differences in these two groups' diet compared to their defined demographic and socio-economical features. Methods. A cross-section study has been done on the sample of 480 pupils and students in Nis. The research in the field was performed between 20th November and 2nd December in 2014 (special days for certain groups of subjects). As previously mentioned, a statistical package computing program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS for Windows rel. 13.0) was used. Results. The analysis shows that men have breakfast more rarely than women. The results are similar in answers to the question if they never have breakfast. Unlike the previous results, men have lunch more often than women and the answers to the question if they have an afternoon snack are similar. The difference is more apparent when it comes to afternoon snacks, men have lunch more often which is the same for the habit of having dinner or supper. An especially interesting question was the one whether subjects think about their health when they choose what to eat. The most frequent answer was that they consider it sometimes, a little less than a half or 45.2%, every third respondent, 29.0%, consider it often, and only every sixth does it always (16.3%). Conclusion. The most subjects sometimes thought about their health when they choose what to eat.Cilj. Navike u ishrani utiču na više različitih aspekata zdravlja, između ostalih na subjektivnu ocenu zdravlja, druge životne navike (kao što je fizička aktivnost), funkcionalni status, ali i korišćenje zdravstvene zaštite, a nepravilna ishrana predstavlja značajan faktor rizika za nastanak brojnih različitih poremećaja zdravlja. Procenjuje se da je oko 31% dece u svetu do 5 godina stare pothranjeno, dok smrtnost usled bolesti gladi i pothranjenosti učestvuje čak sa 50% ukupnog mortaliteta kod dece. Osnovni ciljevi istraživanja su da se ispitaju karakteristike ishrane učenika i studenata, kao i da se ispitaju razlike u ishrani učeničke i studentske omladine u odnosu na definisana demografska i socioekonomska obeležja ispitanika. Metode. Izvršena je studija preseka na uzorku od 480 učenika i studenata iz Niša. Terenski deo istraživanja sproveden je od 20. novembra do 02. decembra 2015. godine (posebni dani za određene grupe ispitanika). Korišćen je statistički paket-računarski program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS for WIndows rel. 13.0). Rezultati. Analiza pokazuje da muškarci ređe doručkuju u odnosu na osobe ženskog pola. Odgovori su jedino približni na pitanje da li nikada ne doručkuju za razliku od prethodnih rezultata muškarci redovnije ručavaju, a slični su odgovori u odnosu na to da li imaju poslepodnevnu užinu. U ostalim situacijama može se reći da devojke vode više računa o svom zdravlju. Posebno je bilo interesantno pitanje da li ispitanici pri izboru načina ishrane razmišljaju o svom zdravlju. Najučestalije izjašnjavanje bilo je da razmišljaju ponekad, nešto manje od polovine ili 45.2% često, svaki treći ispitanik ili 29.0%, a uvek, tek svaki šesti (16.3%). Zaključak. Većina ispitanika ponekad razmišlja o svom zdravlju kada bira šta da jede

EXAMINATION OF THE PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF THE MUSCAT HAMBURG VARIETY IN THE SKOPJE VINEYARD AS A BASIS FOR ISOLATING CLONES

Our studies included some autochthonous and regional grape varieties grown in the Republic of North Macedonia. The autochthonous varieties were examined - White winter, Konchanka, Stanushina, Ohrid black and Ohrid white, and the regional varieties - Vranec, Prokupec, Smederevka, Zilavka and Zupljanka were examined. The tests were divided into three methodological units. The first method was applied to all varieties - data collection, history and comparison with other tests. The second method was performed on all varieties - ampelographic identification because we had samples from all varieties. In some of the varieties, the third method was performed, that is, genetic (DNA) identification was made in the period from 2010 to 2020 in different examination centers and at different times. The results are compared with the results of a study by Professor M. Aradhya of the USDA Research Center, Davis CA, USA. He has performed a wide range of genetic identification on a number of autochthonous varieties in Europe and Asia, including varieties in the Balkans. With the second method of examination - ampelographic identification according to O.I.V. descriptors we got the most realistic results. An ampelographic description of certain characteristics of the individual organs of the vine was performed and it was concluded that the varieties according to their anatomical and physiological characteristics belong to 2 groups: ecological-geographical group Black Sea varieties, subgroup Balcanica and ecological-geographical group Eastern varieties, subgroup Antasiatica

IDENTIFICATION OF SOME AUTOCHTHONOUS AND REGIONAL GRAPEVINE VARIETIES ACCORDING TO O.I.V. DESCRIPTORS FOR CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS

Our studies included some autochthonous and regional grape varieties grown in the Republic of North Macedonia. The autochthonous varieties were examined - White winter, Konchanka, Stanushina, Ohrid black and Ohrid white, and the regional varieties - Vranec, Prokupec, Smederevka, Zilavka and Zupljanka were examined. The tests were divided into three methodological units. The first method was applied to all varieties - data collection, history and comparison with other tests. The second method was performed on all varieties - ampelographic identification because we had samples from all varieties. In some of the varieties, the third method was performed, that is, genetic (DNA) identification was made in the period from 2010 to 2020 in different examination centers and at different times. The results are compared with the results of a study by Professor M. Aradhya of the USDA Research Center, Davis CA, USA. He has performed a wide range of genetic identification on a number of autochthonous varieties in Europe and Asia, including varieties in the Balkans. With the second method of examination - ampelographic identification according to O.I.V. descriptors we got the most realistic results. An ampelographic description of certain characteristics of the individual organs of the vine was performed and it was concluded that the varieties according to their anatomical and physiological characteristics belong to 2 groups: ecological-geographical group Black Sea varieties, subgroup Balcanica and ecological-geographical group Eastern varieties, subgroup Antasiatica

Impact of genetics on neoadjuvant therapy with complete pathological response in metastatic colorectal cancer: case report and review of the literature

Treatment of colorectal metastatic cancer is still challenging, despite recent improvements in chemotherapy. A genetic cancer profile, such as the KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma) gene status, plays a key role in individualized tailored therapy. Molecular targeted therapy added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy can achieve a better pathological response and prolong survival. Pathological complete response of colorectal cancer stage N is rare. A 47-year-old female patient presented with rectal adenocarcinoma and three liver metastases (cT3d/4, N2, M1). After seven cycles of Bevacizumab and CAPOX in neoadjuvant setting, we noted more than 70.0% regression of metastases and complete regression of the primary tumor. We performed low anterior resection of rectum and synchronous subsegmental resection of S3, because the other two lesions were not detectable. Pathology revealed complete response of the primary and also secondary tumors. After 8 months, diagnostic tests did not show any sign of recurrence and the remaining liver lesions disappeared. Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease and it is necessary to identify patients who are at-risk of recurrence and suitable for neoadjuvant therapy. Genetic biomarkers play an important role in metastatic colorectal cancer treatment. Because of the mutated KRAS gene, Bevacizumab was added to cytotoxic therapy achieving a complete pathological response of primary tumor and metastasis. This case is unique because all reported cases with similar results, described staged surgery and one of reverse staged surgery, but with similar results. This neoadjuvant therapy has extra ordinary results for colorectal cancer stage IV and can help disease-free and long-term survival

Design Studio 06U

The Design Studio 06U course is comprised of two parts: the research part (including field work on a specific spatial polygon, research of theoretical sources, current expert studies and relevant documents) and the design part (intervention ideas and designs within the city center and designing spatial concepts of different types of use of square space). Studio methodology comprises of joint work in the studio through lectures and interactive forms of teaching and individual research projects and designs that are structured in three independent parts – Seminar, Workshop and Design Studio

Urban morphology education in Serbia: Origin, genesis and new tendencies

The origin of urban morphology education goes back to the beginning of the 1970s and a period of radical education reforms at the Faculty of Architecture in Belgrade, where urban environment became the main interdisciplinary topic. The importance of urban form has been since emphasized by planners, architects and politicians in various planning documents, symposiums and as such, became an essential segment of the architectural education. The subjects such as Contemporary architecture and form of the city, Urban environment and urbanization, Urban technic and composition and City environment were an important segment of the education for many years. This tradition was strengthened even more in newest accreditation, due to the individual contribution of academics who introduced new courses such as Urban Morphology and Urban Typology and Morphology. Having in mind recent contribution of researchers to emphasize the challenges of teaching urban morphology, this paper aims to enlighten the origin and genesis of the education of urban morphology at the Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade and to shed the light on new tendencies and means of teaching in present days. The paper will analyze syllabus of the courses, teaching methodology and present examples of student’s projects on three different levels and courses: ex cathedra on the bachelor level, practical implementation of theoretical notions in studio design on master level and research-based work on the PhD level

Heritage awareness and sustainability of built environment in architectural and urban design education : between best practices and real conditions

This paper presents the initial findings of the project on the Enhancing of Heritage Awareness and Sustainability of Built Environment in Architectural and Urban Design Higher Education (HERSUS), coordinated by University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture as a leading higher education institution, with partner institutions of Universita Iuav di Venezia, University of Cyprus – Department of Architecture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki – School of Architecture and University of Sevilla – UNESCO Chair on Built Urban Heritage CREhAR in the digital era. The paper will present the review of the best practices on educating sustainability and heritage, specifically regarding mapping representation of (1) various scales in education, building practice and policy context in each country, and (2) scales across the consortium countries, aiming at identifying strengths connected to methods, materials and teaching experiences. The purpose of this initial phase is to support the participating Architectural Schools in establishing high-quality standards in the terms of sustainability of the built heritage, through cross-cultural communication and solving problems in an international environment. The paper will present the best practices on educating sustainability of heritage in different schools within European context, hence map (1) the relation of selected teaching courses, built projects and policies in regards to different scales – Landscape planning, Urban planning and design, and Architecture, Construction and Interior design, and (2) provide valuable insight for the context of Serbia regarding teaching and policy recommendations. Having in mind that majority of Serbian Network of Urban Morphology members are participating in this project, as well as the project leader, the special emphasis will be on the morphological perspective. The paper will highlight parallels of conditions and educational practices from different countries with the morphological tradition, observable through the existence of UM regional networks

FIRE DYNAMICS IN A BUILDING COMPARTMENT – A NUMERICAL STUDY

Building fires heavy pollute the air and jeopardize human health and life. In this paper, the Large Eddy Simulation method of Fire Dynamics Simulator code has been used to investigate the temperature regime and the pollutant concentrations in a compartment and near a building wall under fire scenario. Numerical results show that the generation of fire products in the compartment is largely dependent on the temperature and the quantity of oxygen available for combustion. The outdoor plume parameters are affected by the temperature difference between the fire flame and plume and the surrounding ambient air

SERBIAN SEED INDUSTRY AND UNIVERSITY AFTER TRANSITION

In this paper we discuss the cooperation of the Serbian agricultural institutes, faculties and seed industry which are deserved for the development of seed science and technology and its applications in the sector of agriculture. It is particularly emphasized the connection between research and educational institutions in the field of biotechnology and the importance of their alienation. In addition, it raised a question concerning the reorganization of the existing universities and research institutes in Serbia after the Bologna reform.Univerzitet i polјoprivredni instituti u drugoj polovini ХХ stoleća izveli su uspešan prenos znanja iz razvijenih zemalјa u SFRJ. Pre dvadesetak godina zapoĉela je tranzicija drţava istoĉne i jugoistoĉne Evrope što je dovelo do znaĉajnih promena polјoprivrede i obrazovanja. Mnoga velika srpska polјoprivredna preduzeća nestala su sa privredne scene a njihovo mesto zauzele su strane kompanije. Promene su zahvatile i oblast visokog obrazovanja te se danas oseća potreba da se aktualizuje veza izmeĊu naših univerziteta, istraţivaĉkih istitucija u oblasti polјoprivrede i industrije semena kao vaţnog dela javnog ţivota. Naime, sredinom prošlog veka na prostoru SFRJ obrazovana je mreţa polјoprivrednih istraţivaĉkih instituta i preduzeća koja su postigla znaĉajne uspehe u oblasti selekcije i proizvodnje semena. U senci ovog uspeha ostala je ĉinjenica da su polјoprivredni instituti od univerziteta preuzeli znaĉajan deo istraţivanja što je ograniĉilo univerzitete, budući da je veći deo laboratorija i opreme bio u institutima. Univeziteti su zajedno sa institutima imali sve: studente, nastavnike, laboratorije, istraţivaĉku opremu, ali oni su tada, kao i danas, bili organizaciono odvojeni te ni jedni ni drugi nisu mogli da ostvare veće rezultate. U uslovima društvene svojine ovaj naĉin rada bio je odrţiv. Danas je takvo razdvajanje smetnja njihovom razvoju te se polјoprivredni instituti prilagoĊavaju privredi u kojoj dominira privatna svojina. Shodno promenama u društvu, postojeća drţavna univerzitetska mreţa pretrpela je promene primenom bolonjske reforme kojom je srpsko visoko obrazovanje upodoblјeno eropskom školskom prostoru. Na osnovu dosadašnjeg iskustva naziru se tri scenarija ureĊenja univerziteta. Prvi je oĉuvanje postojeće organizacije (pluralizam uz tihe, evolutivne promene), drugi je ukidanje privatnih univerziteta (radikalno rešenje), treći je podela postojećih univerziteta na manje celine prema nauĉnim oblastima (tehniĉki, biotehnološki i td). Moguća regionalizacija Srbije nametnuće pitanje poloţaja univerziteta u odnosu na lokalnu samoupravu (gradove) tj. da li su univerziteti isklјuĉivo nacionalne (drţavne) institucije? Buduće promene visokog obrazovanja morale bi da poĊu od toga da će se jedan deo instituta pridruţiti univerzitetima dok će ostali oĉuvati svoju pravnu samostalnost i postati ono što su uvek i bili – preduzeća koja se bave proizvodnjom i prodajom semenske robe. Ova transformacija olakšala bi ureĊenje odnosa izmeĊu polјoprivrednih instituta (semenskih preduzeća), univerziteta i banke bilјnih gena. To je od posebnog znaĉaja budući da u postojećim istraţivaĉkim programima instituta, koje finansira vlada, nema jasne orijentacije na semenarstvo. Ne ĉudi što struĉna terminologija u oblasti semenarstva slabo razvijena a što bi se moglo pobolјšati udruţenim delovanjem predstavnika akademske zajednice i semenske industrije i podizanjem nivoa domaćih struĉnih ĉasopisa u ovoj oblasti. Pred industrijom semena i univerzitetom stoje brojna pitanja koja su od znaĉaja za dalјi razvoj semenarstva i polјoprivrede

Variability and heritability of technological characteristics of Amaranthus leaves and seeds

This study aimed to determine the variability properties of four major types of Amaranthus species in protein and amino acids content in leaves and flowers. Obtained results by ion exchange chromatography in our study have shown high values for the content of essential amino acids lysine and methionine. In the leaf, the lysine content ranged from 3.9 (A. caudatus) to 7.0 (A. cruentus; A. moleros), and in the flowers from 4.2 (A. caudatus) to 6.7 (A. molleros). The methionine content ranged from 3.1 (A. caudatus) to 7.4 (A. mantegazzianus) in the leaf and in the flower from 2.9 (A. caudatus) to 6.7 (A. mantegazzianus). Besides lysine and methionine, significant values of other essential amino acids were recorded, respectively. Significant concentrations of total proteins were recorded in all examined genotypes. The heritability of the studied characters as protein and mineral content of seeds and leaves, and oil contents of seed were significantly high. The maximum values of the protein content of seeds were 16.55% (A. cruentus), in leaves 20.10% (A. caudatus), and the minerals in seeds 2.73% (A. moleros), and leaves 18.76% (A. mantegazzianus). The oil content of seeds was 6.16% (A. moleros). The oil content of the seed’s proportion of genetic variance to total phenotypic variance was 72%, and it has a significant impact on ecological factors. Tested divergent Amaranthus genotypes may serve as parents for further crossing. Amaranth seeds is gluten-free and is important in the diet of celiac patients and contains amino acids, especially lysine, which acts against the herpes virus. Amaranth from amaranth leaves biologically active substance that prevents heart muscle damage during ischemic processes. Amaranth seed oil has hypolipemic, anti-atherosclerotic, hypotensive and antioxidant activity